PN3 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Update

PN3 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Update Homan's sign - Answers To assess DVT. Client forcefully dorsiflexes the foot. If pain is present, may indicate positive result. Warm, tender, reddened, hardened area of calf indicates thrombophlebitis Most dangerous heart arrhythmia - Answers Ventricular tachycardia. Occurrence of 3 or more consecutive PVC's. May go as high as 140-240BPM. Low BP, weak/absent pulses, body weakness, possible unconsciousness. Treat immediately, otherwise possible v-fib Fluid in pericardial space - Answers Some is normal as lubricant to help pump effectively. If excess fluid, it is called pericardial effusion. S1 and S2 will be muffled & hard to hear bc of the fluid DVT complications - Answers Can lead to fatal PE. Treatments include anticoagulants. Preventative measures are ambulation, leg exercises, antiembolism stockings or compression devices Discharge teaching for thrombophlebitis - Answers Anticoagulant such as coumadin. Drink 2-3 quarts of h2o daily, no crossed legs, elevate legs while sitting, avoid sitting or standing long periods, wear support, shift weight back and forth for circulation. Notify PCP asap if assumed DVT or PE Bradycardia - Answers HR 60 or lower. Causes include myocardial ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, vagal stim, beta blockers, drug toxicity, intracranial tumors, sleep, vomiting. Treatments: atropine. May require pacemaker. Athletes usually not treated. Tachycardia - Answers 100-150BPM. Causes are stress, fever, meds, pain, anemia, pericarditis, CHF, caffeine, tobacco. Treatments to stop: meds, heart shock. Treatments to prevent: catheter ablation, meds, pacemaker, defibrillator, surgery Complications of A-Fib - Answers 350-600BPM. Symptoms may be palpitations, dyspnea, dizziness, angina, syncope. Blood pools in atria bc not contracting properly. Foods to avoid with an atrial dysrhythmia - Answers fat, caffeine. treatment of v-fib - Answers oxygen. amiodarone aka cordarone given thru IV. Lidocaine hydrochloride, mag sulfate. Can also be cardioverted if peripheral pulses are present or defib if peripheral pulses are absent Landmarks of defibrillation - Answers The delivery of unsynchronized high energy electircal shock during an emergency situation such as MI or pulseless VT Placement of defib pads - Answers right of sternum below clavical at apex of heart. Lubed with gel, done by cardiac doc or nurPN3 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Update se. everyone should stand clear to prevent shock PTT - Answers partial thromboplastin time. serum test that IDs abnormalities in clotting pathway. Normal time is 60-70 sec clot time. If >100, higher clot risk. If taking heparin, do PTT test 30-60 mins before dose cardiac complications from rheumatic fever - Answers carditis. valve between two left chambers aka mitral valve but other valve may be affected. Valve stenosis, regurgitation, damage to muscle, a-fib, heart failure. Treatment for hemophilia who has pain in joints - Answers frequent blood transfusions Anemia - Answers lack of blood Hemophilia - Answers rare disorder where blood doesn't clot normally bc it lacks sufficient clotting proteins