Testa5Banka5-
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 1
Test bank for Understanding Pathophysiology, 8th
Edition by Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
and Valentina L. Brashers isbn-9780323938051 All
Chapters 1-44 Verified Latest Edition Guaranteed
Pass
TESTa5BANKa5PATHOPHYSIOLOGYa5THEa5BIOLOGICa5BASISa5FORa5DISEASEa5INa5ADULTSa5ANDa5CHILDRENa58tha5Editiona5
Kathryna5L.a 5
McCance,a5Suea5E.a5Huether
, Testa5Banka5-
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 2
Thea5bilayer’sa5structurea5accountsa5fora5onea5ofa5thea5essentiala5functionsa5ofa5thea5plasmaa5mem
brane.a5Ita5isa5impermeablea5toa5mosta5water-
solublea5moleculesa5(moleculesa5thata5dissolvea5ina5water)a5becausea5thea5water-
solublea5moleculesa5area5insolublea5ina5thea5oilya5corea5region.a5Thea5bilayera5servesa5asa5aa5barri
era5toa5thea5diffusiona5ofa5watera5anda5hydrophilica5substancesa5whilea5allowinga5lipid-
solublea5molecules,a5sucha5asa5oxygena5(O2)a5anda5carbona5dioxidea5(CO2),a5toa5diffusea5througha
5ita5readily.a5Carbohydratea5chains,a5glycoproteina5channels,a5anda5membranea5channela5proteinsa
5doa5nota5preventa5water-solublea5moleculesa5froma5enteringa5cellsa5acrossa5thea5cella5membrane.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
1. Aa5studenta5asksa5fora5ana5explanationa5ofa5thea5absolutea5refractorya5perioda5ofa5thea5actiona5po
tential.a5Whata5responsea5bya5thea5professora5isa5best?
a. Aa5strongera5thana5normala5impulsea5willa5evokea5anothera5response.
b. Noa5stimulusa5isa5ablea5toa5evokea5anothera5responsea5ata5thisa5time.
c. Multiplea5stimulia5cana5producea5morea5rapida5actiona5potentials.
d. Thea5hyperpolarizeda5statea5meansa5aa5weakera5stimulusa5producesa5aa5r
esponse.
ANS:a 5 B
Duringa5thea5absolutea5refractorya5statea5ofa5thea5actiona5potential,a5noa5stimulusa5isa5ablea5toa5e
vokea5anothera5responsea5froma5thea5cell.a5Aa5strongera5thana5normala5impulsea5maya5generatea
5aa5responsea5ina5thea5relativea5refractorya5period.a5Thisa5perioda5ofa5timea5isa5nota5relateda5toa5
thea5numbera5ofa5stimuli.a5Aa5hyperpolarizeda5statea5meansa5aa5strongera5thana5normala5stimul
usa5woulda5bea5neededa5toa5generatea5aa5response.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
2. Whicha5forma5ofa5cella5communicationa5isa5useda5toa5communicatea5withina5thea5cella5itselfa5an
da5witha5othera5cellsa5ina5directa5physicala5contact?
a. Proteina5channela5(gapa5junction)
b. Plasmaa5membrane-bounda5signalinga5molecules
c. Hormonea5secretiona5sucha5asa5neurotransmitters
d. Extracellulara5chemicala5messengersa5sucha5asa5lig
ands
ANS:a 5 B
Cellsa5communicatea5ina5threea5maina5ways;a5theya5displaya5plasmaa5membrane-
bounda5signalinga5moleculesa5thata5affecta5thea5cella5itselfa5anda5othera5cellsa5ina5directa5physical
a5contacta5witha5it,a5theya5affecta5receptora5proteinsa5insidea5thea5targeta5cell,a5anda5theya5forma5p
roteina5channelsa5(gapa5junctions)a5thata5directlya5coordinatea5thea5activitiesa5ofa5adjacenta5cells.a
5Neurotransmittersa5area5releaseda5bya5neuronsa5anda5crossa5thea5synaptica5clefta5toa5communicat
ea5witha5thea5cellsa5theya5innervate.a5Ligandsa5area5involveda5ina5bindinga5processes.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
3. Whicha5modea5ofa5chemicala5signalinga5usesa5blooda5toa5transporta5communicationa5toa5cellsa5so
mea5distancea5away?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormonal
, Testa5Banka5-
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 3
TESTa5BANKa5PATHOPHYSIOLOGYa5THEa5BIOLOGICa5BASISa5FORa5DISEASEa5INa5ADULTSa5ANDa5CHILDRENa58tha5Editiona5
Kathryna5L.a 5
McCance,a5Suea5E.a5Huether
, Testa5Banka5-
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 4
ANS:a 5 D
Chemicala5signalinga5cana5bea5classifieda5intoa5threea5categories:a5(1)a5local-
chemicala5mediator,a5(2)a5hormone,a5anda5(3)a5neurotransmitter.a5Hormonesa5area5releaseda5bya5
onea5seta5ofa5cellsa5anda5travela5througha5tissuesa5ora5thea5bloodstreama5toa5anothera5seta5ofa5cellsa
5wherea5theya5producea5aa5responsea5bya5thosea5cells.a5Ina5paracrinea5signaling,a5cellsa5secretea5lo
cala5chemicala5mediatorsa5thata5area5quicklya5absorbed,a5destroyed,a5ora5immobilized.a5Paracrine
a5signalinga5requiresa5closea5membrane-to-
membranea5contact.a5Paracrinea5signalinga5usuallya5involvesa5differenta5cella5types;a5however,a5c
ellsa5alsoa5maya5producea5signalsa5thata5they,a5themselves,a5responda5to,a5whicha5isa5calleda5autoc
rinea5signaling.a5Neurotransmittersa5area5releaseda5bya5neuronsa5anda5crossa5thea5synaptica5clefta5
toa5communicatea5witha5thea5cellsa5theya5innervate.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
4. Whicha5modea5ofa5chemicala5signalinga5usesa5locala5chemicala5mediatorsa5thata5area5quickly
a5takena5up,a5destroyed,a5ora5immobilized?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormone
ANS:a 5 A
Ina5paracrinea5signaling,a5cellsa5secretea5locala5chemicala5mediatorsa5thata5area5quicklya5takena5u
p,a 5 destroyed,a5ora5immobilized.a5Autocrinea5signalinga5occursa5whena5thea5targeta5cellsa5produc
ea5signalsa5thata5theya5themselvesa5responda5to.a5Neurotransmittersa5area5releaseda5bya5neuronsa5
anda5crossa5thea5synaptica5clefta5toa5communicatea5witha5thea5cellsa5theya5innervate.a5Hormonesa5
area5releaseda5bya5onea5seta5ofa5cellsa5anda5travela5througha5tissuesa5ora5thea5bloodstreama5toa5ano
thera5seta5ofa5cellsa5wherea5theya5producea5aa5responsea5bya5thosea5cells.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
5. Neurotransmittersa5affecta5thea5postsynaptica5membranea5bya5bindinga5toa5whicha5structure?
a. Lipids
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathica5lipid
s
d. Receptors
ANS:a 5 D
Ina5eacha5typea5ofa5chemicala5signaling,a5thea5targeta5cella5receivesa5thea5signala5bya5firsta5attachi
nga5toa5itsa5receptors.a5Thea5othera5optionsa5doa5nota5correctlya5describea5thisa5process.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
6. Howa5doa5cellsa5receivea5communicationa5froma5thea5extracellulara5fluida5surroundinga5them?
a. Proteina5channela5(gapa5junction)
b. Plasmaa5membrane-
bounda5signalinga5moleculesa5(involvinga5receptors)
c. Hormonea5secretiona5sucha5asa5neurotransmitters
d. Chemicala5messengersa5sucha5asa5ligands
ANS:a 5 D
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 1
Test bank for Understanding Pathophysiology, 8th
Edition by Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
and Valentina L. Brashers isbn-9780323938051 All
Chapters 1-44 Verified Latest Edition Guaranteed
Pass
TESTa5BANKa5PATHOPHYSIOLOGYa5THEa5BIOLOGICa5BASISa5FORa5DISEASEa5INa5ADULTSa5ANDa5CHILDRENa58tha5Editiona5
Kathryna5L.a 5
McCance,a5Suea5E.a5Huether
, Testa5Banka5-
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 2
Thea5bilayer’sa5structurea5accountsa5fora5onea5ofa5thea5essentiala5functionsa5ofa5thea5plasmaa5mem
brane.a5Ita5isa5impermeablea5toa5mosta5water-
solublea5moleculesa5(moleculesa5thata5dissolvea5ina5water)a5becausea5thea5water-
solublea5moleculesa5area5insolublea5ina5thea5oilya5corea5region.a5Thea5bilayera5servesa5asa5aa5barri
era5toa5thea5diffusiona5ofa5watera5anda5hydrophilica5substancesa5whilea5allowinga5lipid-
solublea5molecules,a5sucha5asa5oxygena5(O2)a5anda5carbona5dioxidea5(CO2),a5toa5diffusea5througha
5ita5readily.a5Carbohydratea5chains,a5glycoproteina5channels,a5anda5membranea5channela5proteinsa
5doa5nota5preventa5water-solublea5moleculesa5froma5enteringa5cellsa5acrossa5thea5cella5membrane.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
1. Aa5studenta5asksa5fora5ana5explanationa5ofa5thea5absolutea5refractorya5perioda5ofa5thea5actiona5po
tential.a5Whata5responsea5bya5thea5professora5isa5best?
a. Aa5strongera5thana5normala5impulsea5willa5evokea5anothera5response.
b. Noa5stimulusa5isa5ablea5toa5evokea5anothera5responsea5ata5thisa5time.
c. Multiplea5stimulia5cana5producea5morea5rapida5actiona5potentials.
d. Thea5hyperpolarizeda5statea5meansa5aa5weakera5stimulusa5producesa5aa5r
esponse.
ANS:a 5 B
Duringa5thea5absolutea5refractorya5statea5ofa5thea5actiona5potential,a5noa5stimulusa5isa5ablea5toa5e
vokea5anothera5responsea5froma5thea5cell.a5Aa5strongera5thana5normala5impulsea5maya5generatea
5aa5responsea5ina5thea5relativea5refractorya5period.a5Thisa5perioda5ofa5timea5isa5nota5relateda5toa5
thea5numbera5ofa5stimuli.a5Aa5hyperpolarizeda5statea5meansa5aa5strongera5thana5normala5stimul
usa5woulda5bea5neededa5toa5generatea5aa5response.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
2. Whicha5forma5ofa5cella5communicationa5isa5useda5toa5communicatea5withina5thea5cella5itselfa5an
da5witha5othera5cellsa5ina5directa5physicala5contact?
a. Proteina5channela5(gapa5junction)
b. Plasmaa5membrane-bounda5signalinga5molecules
c. Hormonea5secretiona5sucha5asa5neurotransmitters
d. Extracellulara5chemicala5messengersa5sucha5asa5lig
ands
ANS:a 5 B
Cellsa5communicatea5ina5threea5maina5ways;a5theya5displaya5plasmaa5membrane-
bounda5signalinga5moleculesa5thata5affecta5thea5cella5itselfa5anda5othera5cellsa5ina5directa5physical
a5contacta5witha5it,a5theya5affecta5receptora5proteinsa5insidea5thea5targeta5cell,a5anda5theya5forma5p
roteina5channelsa5(gapa5junctions)a5thata5directlya5coordinatea5thea5activitiesa5ofa5adjacenta5cells.a
5Neurotransmittersa5area5releaseda5bya5neuronsa5anda5crossa5thea5synaptica5clefta5toa5communicat
ea5witha5thea5cellsa5theya5innervate.a5Ligandsa5area5involveda5ina5bindinga5processes.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
3. Whicha5modea5ofa5chemicala5signalinga5usesa5blooda5toa5transporta5communicationa5toa5cellsa5so
mea5distancea5away?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormonal
, Testa5Banka5-
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 3
TESTa5BANKa5PATHOPHYSIOLOGYa5THEa5BIOLOGICa5BASISa5FORa5DISEASEa5INa5ADULTSa5ANDa5CHILDRENa58tha5Editiona5
Kathryna5L.a 5
McCance,a5Suea5E.a5Huether
, Testa5Banka5-
a5Pathophysiology:a5Thea5Biologica5Basisa5fora5Diseasea5ina5Adultsa5anda5Childrena5(8th)a 5 a 5 a 5 4
ANS:a 5 D
Chemicala5signalinga5cana5bea5classifieda5intoa5threea5categories:a5(1)a5local-
chemicala5mediator,a5(2)a5hormone,a5anda5(3)a5neurotransmitter.a5Hormonesa5area5releaseda5bya5
onea5seta5ofa5cellsa5anda5travela5througha5tissuesa5ora5thea5bloodstreama5toa5anothera5seta5ofa5cellsa
5wherea5theya5producea5aa5responsea5bya5thosea5cells.a5Ina5paracrinea5signaling,a5cellsa5secretea5lo
cala5chemicala5mediatorsa5thata5area5quicklya5absorbed,a5destroyed,a5ora5immobilized.a5Paracrine
a5signalinga5requiresa5closea5membrane-to-
membranea5contact.a5Paracrinea5signalinga5usuallya5involvesa5differenta5cella5types;a5however,a5c
ellsa5alsoa5maya5producea5signalsa5thata5they,a5themselves,a5responda5to,a5whicha5isa5calleda5autoc
rinea5signaling.a5Neurotransmittersa5area5releaseda5bya5neuronsa5anda5crossa5thea5synaptica5clefta5
toa5communicatea5witha5thea5cellsa5theya5innervate.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
4. Whicha5modea5ofa5chemicala5signalinga5usesa5locala5chemicala5mediatorsa5thata5area5quickly
a5takena5up,a5destroyed,a5ora5immobilized?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormone
ANS:a 5 A
Ina5paracrinea5signaling,a5cellsa5secretea5locala5chemicala5mediatorsa5thata5area5quicklya5takena5u
p,a 5 destroyed,a5ora5immobilized.a5Autocrinea5signalinga5occursa5whena5thea5targeta5cellsa5produc
ea5signalsa5thata5theya5themselvesa5responda5to.a5Neurotransmittersa5area5releaseda5bya5neuronsa5
anda5crossa5thea5synaptica5clefta5toa5communicatea5witha5thea5cellsa5theya5innervate.a5Hormonesa5
area5releaseda5bya5onea5seta5ofa5cellsa5anda5travela5througha5tissuesa5ora5thea5bloodstreama5toa5ano
thera5seta5ofa5cellsa5wherea5theya5producea5aa5responsea5bya5thosea5cells.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
5. Neurotransmittersa5affecta5thea5postsynaptica5membranea5bya5bindinga5toa5whicha5structure?
a. Lipids
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathica5lipid
s
d. Receptors
ANS:a 5 D
Ina5eacha5typea5ofa5chemicala5signaling,a5thea5targeta5cella5receivesa5thea5signala5bya5firsta5attachi
nga5toa5itsa5receptors.a5Thea5othera5optionsa5doa5nota5correctlya5describea5thisa5process.
PTS:a 5 a 5 1 DIF: Cognitivea5Level:a5Remembering
6. Howa5doa5cellsa5receivea5communicationa5froma5thea5extracellulara5fluida5surroundinga5them?
a. Proteina5channela5(gapa5junction)
b. Plasmaa5membrane-
bounda5signalinga5moleculesa5(involvinga5receptors)
c. Hormonea5secretiona5sucha5asa5neurotransmitters
d. Chemicala5messengersa5sucha5asa5ligands
ANS:a 5 D
