5th edition Edmund's Pharmacology
Mid-term correct answers 2025/2026
1. Which of the following has influenced an emphasis on primary care
education in medical schools? Changes in Medicare reimbursement
methods recommended in 1992
2. Which of the following statements is true about the prescribing
practices of physicians? The dominant form of drug information used
by primary care physicians continues to be that provided by
pharmaceutical companies
3. As primary care nurse practitioners (NPs) continue to develop their
role as prescribers of medications, it will be important to: learn from
the experiences of physicians and develop expertise based on evidence-
based practice.
4. A primary care NP will begin practicing in a state in which the
governor has opted out of the federal facility reimbursement
requirement. The NP should be aware that this defines how NPs may
write prescriptions: as CRNAs without physician supervision in a
hospital setting.
5. CRNAs in most states: order and administer controlled substances but
do not have full prescriptive authority.
6. A CNM: has prescriptive authority in all 50 states.
7. In every state, prescriptive authority for NPs includes the ability to
write prescriptions: for specified classifications of medications.
,8. The current trend toward transitioning NP programs to the doctoral
level will mean that: NPs will be better prepared to meet emerging
health care needs of patients.
9. An important difference between physician assistants (PAs) and NPs is
PAs: always work under physician supervision.
10. To increase the likelihood of successful pharmacotherapy, when
teaching a patient about using a medication, the primary care nurse
practitioner (NP) should: encourage the patient to participate in
the choice of the medication.
11. A patient has recurrent symptoms and tells the primary care NP that
she can't remember to take her medication all the time. The NP should:
ask her about her lifestyle, her schedule, and her understanding
of her condition.
12. A primary care NP prepares to teach a patient about the management
of a chronic condition. The patient says, "I don't want to know all of
that. Just tell me what to take and when." The NP should initially: give
the patient basic written instructions about medications, follow up visits,
and symptoms.
13. A parent brings a child who has moderate-persistent asthma to the
clinic and tells the primary care NP that none of the child's medications
are working. The parent says, "Everybody tells me something different.
I don't know what to do." The NP suspects that the parent is not
administering the medications appropriately. The NP should initially:
perform a careful history of the child's symptoms and the
medications that are given.
,14. A primary care NP sees a 5-year-old child who is morbidly obese. The
child has an elevated hemoglobin A1c and increased lipid levels. Both of
the child's parents are overweight but not obese, and they tell the NP
that they see nothing wrong with their child. They both state that it is
difficult to refuse their child's requests for soda or ice cream. The NP
should: initiate a dialogue with the parents about the implications
of the child's laboratory values.
15. A patient bursts into tears when the primary care NP diagnoses
diabetes. The NP should: ask the patient about past experiences
with anyone who has this diagnosis.
16. A primary care NP writes a prescription for an off-label use for a drug.
To help ensure compliance, the NP should: include information
about the off-label use on the E-script
17. The primary care nurse practitioner (NP) writes a prescription for an
antibiotic using an electronic drug prescription system. The pharmacist
will fill this prescription when: the electronic prescription is
received.
18. When prescribing a medication for a chronic condition, the primary
care NP should tell the patient: about the frequency of clinic visits
necessary for the number of refills authorized.
19. The neighbor of a primary care NP asks the NP to write a prescription
for an antibiotic. The NP should tell the neighbor: that it is best if
the neighbor sees a health care provider before obtaining a
prescription.
, 20. The primary care NP is prescribing a medication for an off-label
use. To help prevent a medication error, the NP should: write "off-
label use" on the prescription and provide a rationale.
21. The primary care NP sees a patient covered by Medicaid, writes a
prescription for a medication, and is informed by the pharmacist that
the medication is "off-formulary." The NP should: write the
prescription for a generic drug if it meets the patient's needs.
22. A patient who has asthma and who is known to the primary care
NP calls the NP after hours and asks for a refill of an albuterol
metered-dose inhaler. The patient has not been seen in the clinic for
more than a year. The NP should: refill the drug and tell the patient
that an office visit is necessary for further refills.
23. A patient who has chronic pain and who takes oxycodone
(Percodan) calls the clinic to ask for a refill of the medication. The
primary care NP notes that the medication refill is not due for 2 weeks.
The patient tells the NP that the refill is needed because he is going out
of town. The NP should: review the patient's chart to see if this is a
one-time or repeat occurrence.
24. The primary care nurse practitioner (NP) is using critical thinking
skills when: analyzing current research and synthesizing new approaches
to patient care.
25.The primary care NP has referred a child who has significant
gastrointestinal reflux disease to a specialist for consideration for a
fundoplication and gastrostomy tube placement. The child's weight is
80% of what is recommended for age, and a recent swallow study
revealed significant risk for aspiration. The child's parents do not want
Mid-term correct answers 2025/2026
1. Which of the following has influenced an emphasis on primary care
education in medical schools? Changes in Medicare reimbursement
methods recommended in 1992
2. Which of the following statements is true about the prescribing
practices of physicians? The dominant form of drug information used
by primary care physicians continues to be that provided by
pharmaceutical companies
3. As primary care nurse practitioners (NPs) continue to develop their
role as prescribers of medications, it will be important to: learn from
the experiences of physicians and develop expertise based on evidence-
based practice.
4. A primary care NP will begin practicing in a state in which the
governor has opted out of the federal facility reimbursement
requirement. The NP should be aware that this defines how NPs may
write prescriptions: as CRNAs without physician supervision in a
hospital setting.
5. CRNAs in most states: order and administer controlled substances but
do not have full prescriptive authority.
6. A CNM: has prescriptive authority in all 50 states.
7. In every state, prescriptive authority for NPs includes the ability to
write prescriptions: for specified classifications of medications.
,8. The current trend toward transitioning NP programs to the doctoral
level will mean that: NPs will be better prepared to meet emerging
health care needs of patients.
9. An important difference between physician assistants (PAs) and NPs is
PAs: always work under physician supervision.
10. To increase the likelihood of successful pharmacotherapy, when
teaching a patient about using a medication, the primary care nurse
practitioner (NP) should: encourage the patient to participate in
the choice of the medication.
11. A patient has recurrent symptoms and tells the primary care NP that
she can't remember to take her medication all the time. The NP should:
ask her about her lifestyle, her schedule, and her understanding
of her condition.
12. A primary care NP prepares to teach a patient about the management
of a chronic condition. The patient says, "I don't want to know all of
that. Just tell me what to take and when." The NP should initially: give
the patient basic written instructions about medications, follow up visits,
and symptoms.
13. A parent brings a child who has moderate-persistent asthma to the
clinic and tells the primary care NP that none of the child's medications
are working. The parent says, "Everybody tells me something different.
I don't know what to do." The NP suspects that the parent is not
administering the medications appropriately. The NP should initially:
perform a careful history of the child's symptoms and the
medications that are given.
,14. A primary care NP sees a 5-year-old child who is morbidly obese. The
child has an elevated hemoglobin A1c and increased lipid levels. Both of
the child's parents are overweight but not obese, and they tell the NP
that they see nothing wrong with their child. They both state that it is
difficult to refuse their child's requests for soda or ice cream. The NP
should: initiate a dialogue with the parents about the implications
of the child's laboratory values.
15. A patient bursts into tears when the primary care NP diagnoses
diabetes. The NP should: ask the patient about past experiences
with anyone who has this diagnosis.
16. A primary care NP writes a prescription for an off-label use for a drug.
To help ensure compliance, the NP should: include information
about the off-label use on the E-script
17. The primary care nurse practitioner (NP) writes a prescription for an
antibiotic using an electronic drug prescription system. The pharmacist
will fill this prescription when: the electronic prescription is
received.
18. When prescribing a medication for a chronic condition, the primary
care NP should tell the patient: about the frequency of clinic visits
necessary for the number of refills authorized.
19. The neighbor of a primary care NP asks the NP to write a prescription
for an antibiotic. The NP should tell the neighbor: that it is best if
the neighbor sees a health care provider before obtaining a
prescription.
, 20. The primary care NP is prescribing a medication for an off-label
use. To help prevent a medication error, the NP should: write "off-
label use" on the prescription and provide a rationale.
21. The primary care NP sees a patient covered by Medicaid, writes a
prescription for a medication, and is informed by the pharmacist that
the medication is "off-formulary." The NP should: write the
prescription for a generic drug if it meets the patient's needs.
22. A patient who has asthma and who is known to the primary care
NP calls the NP after hours and asks for a refill of an albuterol
metered-dose inhaler. The patient has not been seen in the clinic for
more than a year. The NP should: refill the drug and tell the patient
that an office visit is necessary for further refills.
23. A patient who has chronic pain and who takes oxycodone
(Percodan) calls the clinic to ask for a refill of the medication. The
primary care NP notes that the medication refill is not due for 2 weeks.
The patient tells the NP that the refill is needed because he is going out
of town. The NP should: review the patient's chart to see if this is a
one-time or repeat occurrence.
24. The primary care nurse practitioner (NP) is using critical thinking
skills when: analyzing current research and synthesizing new approaches
to patient care.
25.The primary care NP has referred a child who has significant
gastrointestinal reflux disease to a specialist for consideration for a
fundoplication and gastrostomy tube placement. The child's weight is
80% of what is recommended for age, and a recent swallow study
revealed significant risk for aspiration. The child's parents do not want
