UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355 MODULE 6.1
CARDIOVASCULAR TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
An effective vasodilator, anti-inflammatory, and anti-thrombotic, nitric oxide
functions normally. Normally, endothelin is in equilibrium.
Endothelin's normal function: ANSWER strong blood pressure-raising
vasoconstrictor. Usually, nitric oxide is used to balance it.
Cardiomyopathy is a main or secondary ANSWER illness of the heart muscle.
ANSWER causes dilated cardiomyopathy by increasing ventricular compliance
and increasing volumes while decreasing contractility.
In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the heart muscle thickens and enlarges without
apparent reason; this condition is typically hereditary.
The heart's walls do not thicken, the ventricles do not relax, and they do not fill
with normal blood volume in restrictive cardiomyopathy.
The ANSWER unusual form of arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy causes
arrhythmias by replacing the muscle tissue in the R ventricle with fatty or
fibrous tissue.
What role does smoking play in the emergence of heart disease? ANSWER
Nicotine causes catecholamines, which are strong vasoconstrictors, such as
norepinephrine and adrenaline, to be released. raises blood pressure and heart
rate, increasing cardiac strain. Cigarettes raise LDL, lower HDL, and increase
the risk of thrombosis and vascular inflammation. produces free radicals.
Inflammation and cytokine production brought on by smoking and
cardiovascular disease raise protease activity and suppress the lung's natural
endogenous antiproteases.
CARDIOVASCULAR TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
An effective vasodilator, anti-inflammatory, and anti-thrombotic, nitric oxide
functions normally. Normally, endothelin is in equilibrium.
Endothelin's normal function: ANSWER strong blood pressure-raising
vasoconstrictor. Usually, nitric oxide is used to balance it.
Cardiomyopathy is a main or secondary ANSWER illness of the heart muscle.
ANSWER causes dilated cardiomyopathy by increasing ventricular compliance
and increasing volumes while decreasing contractility.
In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the heart muscle thickens and enlarges without
apparent reason; this condition is typically hereditary.
The heart's walls do not thicken, the ventricles do not relax, and they do not fill
with normal blood volume in restrictive cardiomyopathy.
The ANSWER unusual form of arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy causes
arrhythmias by replacing the muscle tissue in the R ventricle with fatty or
fibrous tissue.
What role does smoking play in the emergence of heart disease? ANSWER
Nicotine causes catecholamines, which are strong vasoconstrictors, such as
norepinephrine and adrenaline, to be released. raises blood pressure and heart
rate, increasing cardiac strain. Cigarettes raise LDL, lower HDL, and increase
the risk of thrombosis and vascular inflammation. produces free radicals.
Inflammation and cytokine production brought on by smoking and
cardiovascular disease raise protease activity and suppress the lung's natural
endogenous antiproteases.
