1
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FULL REVIEW CRT/RRT (NBRC) Questions
and Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Already Graded A+
Ascites [ ANS: ] accumulation of fluid in the abdomen caused by
LIVER FAILURE
Venous distention [ ANS: ] -occurs with CHF
-seen with obstructive patients (seen in exhalation phase)
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Capillary refill [ ANS: ] -indication of peripheral circulation
-Normal < 3 seconds
Jaundice skin color [ ANS: ] -increase in bilirubin.
Guru01 - Stuvia
-mostly in face and trunk
Bradypnea (oligopnea) [ ANS: ] -decreased respiratory rate
(<12bpm) variable depth and irregular rhythm
Hyperpnea [ ANS: ] -increased rate, depth, with regular rhythm
Cheyne-Stokes [ ANS: ] -gradually increasing then decreasing
rate and depth in a cycle lasting from 30 - 180 secs, with apnea
up to 60 secs
-increased ICP, meningitis, overdose
Biots [ ANS: ] -increased rate and depth with irregular periods of
apnea
-CNS problem, head/brain injury
, 2
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Kussmaul's [ ANS: ] -increased rate, depth, irregular rhythm,
breathing sounds labored
-Raspy voice
Apneustic [ ANS: ] prolonged gasping inspiration followed by
extremely short, insufficient expiration
-respiratory center problems, trauma, tumor
cachectic [ ANS: ] muscle atrophy/loss of muscle tone
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retractions [ ANS: ] -chest moves inward during inspiratory efforts
instead of outward
-blocked airway in adults = INTUBATE
Guru01 - Stuvia
-RDS in infants
Character of cough [ ANS: ] -dry, non-productive cough may
indicate tumor in the lungs or asthma
-productive cough may indicate infection
evidence of difficult airway [ ANS: ] -short receding mandible
(chin)
-enlarged tongue (macroglossia)
-bull neck
-limited neck range-of-motion
pulsus paradoxus [ ANS: ] -pulse/blood pressure varies with
respiration. may indicate severe air trapping (status asthmaticus or
cardiac tamponade)
tactile fremitus [ ANS: ] -vibrations felt by hand on chest wall
-vocal fremitus: voice vibrations on the chest wall
, 3
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-pleural rub fremitus: grating sensation due to roughened pleural
spaces
-Rhonchial fremitus(palpable rhonchi): secretions in airways
Crepitus [ ANS: ] -bubbles of air under skin that can be palpated
and indicates subcutaneous emphysema
Resonant percussion [ ANS: ] -hollow sound
-normal lungs
Flat percussion [ ANS: ] -heard over sternum, muscles, or areas of
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atelectasis
Dull percussion [ ANS: ] -heard over fluid-filled organs such as
heart or liver (thudding)
Guru01 - Stuvia
-pleural effusion or pneumonia
Tympanic percussion [ ANS: ] -heard over air-filled stomach.
-drum-like sound and when heard over lung = increased volume
Hyperresonant [ ANS: ] -found where pneumothorax or
emphysema is present.
-booming sound
vesicular breath sounds [ ANS: ] normal sounds in lungs
bronchial breath sounds [ ANS: ] -normal sounds over airways.
-breath sounds over lungs indicate LUNG CONSOLIDATION
Egophony [ ANS: ] -patient instructed to say E and sounds like A.
-lung consolidation
Bronchophony / whisphered pectoriloquy [ ANS: ] -increased
intensity or transmission of the spoken voice and indicate
CONSOLIDATION or PNEUMONIA
, 4
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-increase in spoken voice = consolidation
-decrease in spoken voice = obstructon, pneumo, emphysema
Rales [ ANS: ] -crackles
-secretions/fluid
Coarse rales [ ANS: ] -rhonchi
-LARGE airway secretions
-needs suctioning
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medium rales [ ANS: ] -middle airway secretions
-needs CPT
Fine rales [ ANS: ] -fluid in alveoli
Guru01 - Stuvia
-CHF, pulmonary edema
-IPPB, heart drugs, diuretics and O2
Wheeze [ ANS: ] -due to bronchospasm
-bronchodilator Tx
-unilateral wheeze indicative of a foreign body obstruction
stridor [ ANS: ] -upper airway obstruction
-supraglottic swelling (epiglottitis) (thumb sign)
-subglottic swelling (croup, postextubation) (steeple sign)
-foreign body aspiration
-Racemic epinephrine
-intubation if MARKED stridor
-Lateral neck Xray for confirmation
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
FULL REVIEW CRT/RRT (NBRC) Questions
and Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Already Graded A+
Ascites [ ANS: ] accumulation of fluid in the abdomen caused by
LIVER FAILURE
Venous distention [ ANS: ] -occurs with CHF
-seen with obstructive patients (seen in exhalation phase)
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Capillary refill [ ANS: ] -indication of peripheral circulation
-Normal < 3 seconds
Jaundice skin color [ ANS: ] -increase in bilirubin.
Guru01 - Stuvia
-mostly in face and trunk
Bradypnea (oligopnea) [ ANS: ] -decreased respiratory rate
(<12bpm) variable depth and irregular rhythm
Hyperpnea [ ANS: ] -increased rate, depth, with regular rhythm
Cheyne-Stokes [ ANS: ] -gradually increasing then decreasing
rate and depth in a cycle lasting from 30 - 180 secs, with apnea
up to 60 secs
-increased ICP, meningitis, overdose
Biots [ ANS: ] -increased rate and depth with irregular periods of
apnea
-CNS problem, head/brain injury
, 2
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Kussmaul's [ ANS: ] -increased rate, depth, irregular rhythm,
breathing sounds labored
-Raspy voice
Apneustic [ ANS: ] prolonged gasping inspiration followed by
extremely short, insufficient expiration
-respiratory center problems, trauma, tumor
cachectic [ ANS: ] muscle atrophy/loss of muscle tone
© 2025 Assignment Expert
retractions [ ANS: ] -chest moves inward during inspiratory efforts
instead of outward
-blocked airway in adults = INTUBATE
Guru01 - Stuvia
-RDS in infants
Character of cough [ ANS: ] -dry, non-productive cough may
indicate tumor in the lungs or asthma
-productive cough may indicate infection
evidence of difficult airway [ ANS: ] -short receding mandible
(chin)
-enlarged tongue (macroglossia)
-bull neck
-limited neck range-of-motion
pulsus paradoxus [ ANS: ] -pulse/blood pressure varies with
respiration. may indicate severe air trapping (status asthmaticus or
cardiac tamponade)
tactile fremitus [ ANS: ] -vibrations felt by hand on chest wall
-vocal fremitus: voice vibrations on the chest wall
, 3
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
-pleural rub fremitus: grating sensation due to roughened pleural
spaces
-Rhonchial fremitus(palpable rhonchi): secretions in airways
Crepitus [ ANS: ] -bubbles of air under skin that can be palpated
and indicates subcutaneous emphysema
Resonant percussion [ ANS: ] -hollow sound
-normal lungs
Flat percussion [ ANS: ] -heard over sternum, muscles, or areas of
© 2025 Assignment Expert
atelectasis
Dull percussion [ ANS: ] -heard over fluid-filled organs such as
heart or liver (thudding)
Guru01 - Stuvia
-pleural effusion or pneumonia
Tympanic percussion [ ANS: ] -heard over air-filled stomach.
-drum-like sound and when heard over lung = increased volume
Hyperresonant [ ANS: ] -found where pneumothorax or
emphysema is present.
-booming sound
vesicular breath sounds [ ANS: ] normal sounds in lungs
bronchial breath sounds [ ANS: ] -normal sounds over airways.
-breath sounds over lungs indicate LUNG CONSOLIDATION
Egophony [ ANS: ] -patient instructed to say E and sounds like A.
-lung consolidation
Bronchophony / whisphered pectoriloquy [ ANS: ] -increased
intensity or transmission of the spoken voice and indicate
CONSOLIDATION or PNEUMONIA
, 4
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
-increase in spoken voice = consolidation
-decrease in spoken voice = obstructon, pneumo, emphysema
Rales [ ANS: ] -crackles
-secretions/fluid
Coarse rales [ ANS: ] -rhonchi
-LARGE airway secretions
-needs suctioning
© 2025 Assignment Expert
medium rales [ ANS: ] -middle airway secretions
-needs CPT
Fine rales [ ANS: ] -fluid in alveoli
Guru01 - Stuvia
-CHF, pulmonary edema
-IPPB, heart drugs, diuretics and O2
Wheeze [ ANS: ] -due to bronchospasm
-bronchodilator Tx
-unilateral wheeze indicative of a foreign body obstruction
stridor [ ANS: ] -upper airway obstruction
-supraglottic swelling (epiglottitis) (thumb sign)
-subglottic swelling (croup, postextubation) (steeple sign)
-foreign body aspiration
-Racemic epinephrine
-intubation if MARKED stridor
-Lateral neck Xray for confirmation
