NR503 MIDTERM EXAM Study Guide
Epidemiology - Science of public health.
Study of disease within populations & risk factors.
Risk factors are genetic, environmental, social, cultural, or on some direct action by the
individual.
Servers to find the "why" of a disease & then to analyze the disease screening,
treatment, prevention, and monitoring.
population health - focuses on risk, data, demographics, and outcomes
Outcomes - End result that follows an intervention
Aggregate - defined population
Community - Multiple aggregates
Data - Compiled information
Prevalence - Existence of a disease.
Number of all cases of the disease
Incidence - Measures appearance of a disease over a period of time.
Surveillance - Collection, analysis, and dissemination of data.
High-risk - An increased chance of poor health outcomes
Morbidity - Presence of illness in a population
Mortality - Tracking deaths in an aggregate
Vital statistics - statistics on live births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages and divorces
Cases - Criterion used to make decisions whether the patient has a disease or health
event
Social Justice - The view that everyone deserves equal economic, political and social
rights and opportunities-including the right to good health
, Inter-professional collaboration - Collaborative action oriented toward a common goal of
improving quality & safety of patient care.
Involves responsibility, accountability, coordination, communication, cooperation,
assertiveness, mutual respect, and autonomy.
HP2020 - 4 goals:
1) attain high-quality lives preventable disease
2) achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, improve health of all groups
3) create social and physical environments that promote good health.
4) promote quality of life, healthy development, and health
Determinants of Care - Range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors
that influence health status
Risk Analysis - Characterization of the potential adverse health effects of human
exposures to environmental hazards
health disparities - Differences of health statuses between various populations.
Sensitivity - Measures the proportion of actual positives that are correctly identified as
such (e.g., % of sick people who are correctly identified as having the condition)
Specificity - True negative rate
Measures actual negatives that are correctly identified as such (e.g., % of healthy
people who are correctly ID's as not having the condition)
Positive Predictive Value (PPV) - Probability that subjects with a positive screening test
truly have the disease
Epidemiological triangle - Triad with an external agent, host, and an environment that
cause the disease.
Environmental factors and genetics play a role.
Disease transmitted directly or indirectly.
Outright symptoms or subclinical disease.
Confounding Variable - Extra variable not accounted for and can ruin the experiment.
Can introduce bias.
Study methods - Descriptive.
Analytic.
Epidemiology - Science of public health.
Study of disease within populations & risk factors.
Risk factors are genetic, environmental, social, cultural, or on some direct action by the
individual.
Servers to find the "why" of a disease & then to analyze the disease screening,
treatment, prevention, and monitoring.
population health - focuses on risk, data, demographics, and outcomes
Outcomes - End result that follows an intervention
Aggregate - defined population
Community - Multiple aggregates
Data - Compiled information
Prevalence - Existence of a disease.
Number of all cases of the disease
Incidence - Measures appearance of a disease over a period of time.
Surveillance - Collection, analysis, and dissemination of data.
High-risk - An increased chance of poor health outcomes
Morbidity - Presence of illness in a population
Mortality - Tracking deaths in an aggregate
Vital statistics - statistics on live births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages and divorces
Cases - Criterion used to make decisions whether the patient has a disease or health
event
Social Justice - The view that everyone deserves equal economic, political and social
rights and opportunities-including the right to good health
, Inter-professional collaboration - Collaborative action oriented toward a common goal of
improving quality & safety of patient care.
Involves responsibility, accountability, coordination, communication, cooperation,
assertiveness, mutual respect, and autonomy.
HP2020 - 4 goals:
1) attain high-quality lives preventable disease
2) achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, improve health of all groups
3) create social and physical environments that promote good health.
4) promote quality of life, healthy development, and health
Determinants of Care - Range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors
that influence health status
Risk Analysis - Characterization of the potential adverse health effects of human
exposures to environmental hazards
health disparities - Differences of health statuses between various populations.
Sensitivity - Measures the proportion of actual positives that are correctly identified as
such (e.g., % of sick people who are correctly identified as having the condition)
Specificity - True negative rate
Measures actual negatives that are correctly identified as such (e.g., % of healthy
people who are correctly ID's as not having the condition)
Positive Predictive Value (PPV) - Probability that subjects with a positive screening test
truly have the disease
Epidemiological triangle - Triad with an external agent, host, and an environment that
cause the disease.
Environmental factors and genetics play a role.
Disease transmitted directly or indirectly.
Outright symptoms or subclinical disease.
Confounding Variable - Extra variable not accounted for and can ruin the experiment.
Can introduce bias.
Study methods - Descriptive.
Analytic.
