NSG 532 Exam 3 with correct |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answers
Respiration - correct answer✔✔O2/CO2 exchange between atmosphere, lungs, blood ,and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
tissues
Breathing - correct answer✔✔O2/CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and lungs
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Lung Physiology - correct answer✔✔obtains O2 and transfers to the blood stream, removes
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
CO2 from bloodstream and into the atmosphere, regulation of Acid/base balance with CO2,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
production of ACE, innate immune system |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
External respiration - correct answer✔✔O2/CO2 exchange between atmosphere and lungs,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and O2/CO2 exchange between lungs and cardiovascular system
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Internal Respiration - correct answer✔✔Includes O2/CO2 exchange between capillaries, cells,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and mitochondria, O2 is consumed in mitochondria to generate ATP and unwanted CO2 will
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
leave.
Angiotensin Convertase - correct answer✔✔ACE, enzyme created by the lungs to convert
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II for the purpose of vascular constriction, aldosterone secretion,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
increase Na+ reabsorption, and K+ excretion
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Innnate Immune Function - correct answer✔✔Type II pneumocytes and macrophage dendritic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cells
Accessory organs of respiratory system - correct answer✔✔Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
,Primary organs of respiratory system - correct answer✔✔trachea, bronchi, bronchiole,
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terminal bronchioles |||\\\
upper respiratory tract - correct answer✔✔nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
lower respiratory tract - correct answer✔✔Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal
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bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
lung tissue - correct answer✔✔bronchi, bronchioli, terminal bronchioles, respiratory
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Conducting zone - correct answer✔✔nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
bronchioles, terminal bronchioles |||\\\ |||\\\
Respiratory Zone - correct answer✔✔Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Purpose of Conducting zone - correct answer✔✔air passes into and out of lungs, no O2/CO2
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
exchange humidifies, warms, and filters air mucous traps and particles and cilia moves away,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
adjusts pH |||\\\
Purpose of respiration zone - correct answer✔✔site of O2/CO2 exchange with the blood,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts are responsible for approx 10% of gas exchange 90%
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
is the alveolar sacs.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Functional Anatomy of alveoli - correct answer✔✔located in the respiratory zone of the lungs
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and ends of the alveolar ducts and alveolar sac, are the functional unit of breathing and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
O2/CO2 exchange |||\\\
alveolar cells - correct answer✔✔fibroblasts, phagocytes, type I pneumocytes, type II
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
pneumocytes
, Fibroblasts - correct answer✔✔produce large quantities of extracellular matrix components - |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
elastic and collagen |||\\\ |||\\\
Phagocytes - correct answer✔✔"dust cells" destroy foreign, unwanted particles, and microbes |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Type I pneuomocytes - correct answer✔✔approx 90-95% of air blood barrier, O2/CO2
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
exchange between the alveoli and blood are unable to proliferate |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Type II pneuomocytes - correct answer✔✔approx 5% of alveolar surface, secrete alveolar
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
surfactant to increase the alveolar capability of gas exchange, proliferate and differentiate into
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
type I, H20 & Na+ reabsorption
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
elastic fibers - correct answer✔✔highly flexible for stretching and recoiling, allow the alveoli to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
stretch during inhalation and spring back during exhalation
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
collagen fibers - correct answer✔✔stretch resistant fibers, important for resisting extra elastic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
forces
Parietal - correct answer✔✔attached to chest wall
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Visceral - correct answer✔✔attached to lung |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cavity - correct answer✔✔where lung sits
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
intrapulmonary space - correct answer✔✔760mmHg at rest - same as atmosphere |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
intra pleural space - correct answer✔✔4 mmHg less - always
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answers
Respiration - correct answer✔✔O2/CO2 exchange between atmosphere, lungs, blood ,and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
tissues
Breathing - correct answer✔✔O2/CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and lungs
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Lung Physiology - correct answer✔✔obtains O2 and transfers to the blood stream, removes
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
CO2 from bloodstream and into the atmosphere, regulation of Acid/base balance with CO2,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
production of ACE, innate immune system |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
External respiration - correct answer✔✔O2/CO2 exchange between atmosphere and lungs,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and O2/CO2 exchange between lungs and cardiovascular system
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Internal Respiration - correct answer✔✔Includes O2/CO2 exchange between capillaries, cells,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and mitochondria, O2 is consumed in mitochondria to generate ATP and unwanted CO2 will
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
leave.
Angiotensin Convertase - correct answer✔✔ACE, enzyme created by the lungs to convert
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II for the purpose of vascular constriction, aldosterone secretion,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
increase Na+ reabsorption, and K+ excretion
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Innnate Immune Function - correct answer✔✔Type II pneumocytes and macrophage dendritic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cells
Accessory organs of respiratory system - correct answer✔✔Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
,Primary organs of respiratory system - correct answer✔✔trachea, bronchi, bronchiole,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
terminal bronchioles |||\\\
upper respiratory tract - correct answer✔✔nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
lower respiratory tract - correct answer✔✔Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
lung tissue - correct answer✔✔bronchi, bronchioli, terminal bronchioles, respiratory
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Conducting zone - correct answer✔✔nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
bronchioles, terminal bronchioles |||\\\ |||\\\
Respiratory Zone - correct answer✔✔Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Purpose of Conducting zone - correct answer✔✔air passes into and out of lungs, no O2/CO2
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
exchange humidifies, warms, and filters air mucous traps and particles and cilia moves away,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
adjusts pH |||\\\
Purpose of respiration zone - correct answer✔✔site of O2/CO2 exchange with the blood,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts are responsible for approx 10% of gas exchange 90%
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
is the alveolar sacs.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Functional Anatomy of alveoli - correct answer✔✔located in the respiratory zone of the lungs
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and ends of the alveolar ducts and alveolar sac, are the functional unit of breathing and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
O2/CO2 exchange |||\\\
alveolar cells - correct answer✔✔fibroblasts, phagocytes, type I pneumocytes, type II
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
pneumocytes
, Fibroblasts - correct answer✔✔produce large quantities of extracellular matrix components - |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
elastic and collagen |||\\\ |||\\\
Phagocytes - correct answer✔✔"dust cells" destroy foreign, unwanted particles, and microbes |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Type I pneuomocytes - correct answer✔✔approx 90-95% of air blood barrier, O2/CO2
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
exchange between the alveoli and blood are unable to proliferate |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Type II pneuomocytes - correct answer✔✔approx 5% of alveolar surface, secrete alveolar
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
surfactant to increase the alveolar capability of gas exchange, proliferate and differentiate into
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
type I, H20 & Na+ reabsorption
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
elastic fibers - correct answer✔✔highly flexible for stretching and recoiling, allow the alveoli to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
stretch during inhalation and spring back during exhalation
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
collagen fibers - correct answer✔✔stretch resistant fibers, important for resisting extra elastic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
forces
Parietal - correct answer✔✔attached to chest wall
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Visceral - correct answer✔✔attached to lung |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cavity - correct answer✔✔where lung sits
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
intrapulmonary space - correct answer✔✔760mmHg at rest - same as atmosphere |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
intra pleural space - correct answer✔✔4 mmHg less - always
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
