Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 9-month-old infant presents for a well-child visit. The nurse
practitioner uses the visit to give age-appropriate anticipatory
guidance about safety (car seats, choking hazards), nutrition,
and developmental stimulation. Which concept best describes
this aspect of pediatric primary care?
A. Episodic illness care
B. Primary prevention within health supervision
C. Secondary prevention for developmental delay
D. Tertiary prevention for chronic disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright Futures and the model of pediatric primary
care emphasize health supervision visits that deliver
anticipatory guidance and preventive counseling (safety,
nutrition, developmental stimulation) to prevent injury and
promote healthy development — classic primary prevention.
Episodic illness care (A) addresses acute complaints, not routine
anticipatory guidance. Secondary prevention (C) involves early
detection and intervention (e.g., screening and referral for an
identified delay), which is not the primary goal of routine
,anticipatory guidance. Tertiary prevention (D) focuses on
reducing disability from established disease (e.g.,
rehabilitation), which does not apply to routine well-child
prevention activities. AAP
Question 2:
A 4-year-old with no chronic conditions is brought by a single
parent who reports high levels of stress and depressive
symptoms. Which action best reflects the “two-generation” or
dual-patient approach in pediatric primary care?
A. Focus solely on the child's vaccination schedule and growth
parameters.
B. Screen the parent for depression and refer to community
mental health resources while addressing the child’s needs.
C. Schedule more frequent well-child visits for the child and
avoid parental issues to maintain clinic efficiency.
D. Refer the child to specialty care for developmental
surveillance without addressing parental wellbeing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The two-generation model recognizes that child
health is intrinsically linked to caregiver health; screening and
addressing parental depression while caring for the child is
consistent with this approach. Option A is incomplete because it
ignores caregiver influences. Option C may increase child
follow-up but neglects the caregiver’s mental health,
undermining child outcomes. Option D routes care away from
addressing family context and misses an opportunity to
,intervene on a key determinant of the child’s health. Pediatrics
Publications+1
Question 3:
During a 15-year-old well visit, the NP explains that primary
care differs from primary prevention. Which statement correctly
distinguishes the two?
A. Primary care is exclusively preventive; primary prevention
treats illness.
B. Primary prevention is a component of primary care focused
on preventing disease before it occurs.
C. They are synonymous terms and interchangeable in clinical
practice.
D. Primary care refers only to specialty services delivered in
hospitals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention (immunizations, safety
counseling, healthy behaviors) is a component of primary care
but not synonymous with it. Primary care includes prevention,
chronic care management, acute care, care coordination, and
family-centered services. Option A is incorrect because it
reverses the roles. Option C is incorrect—terms are related but
not interchangeable. Option D is incorrect because primary care
is community- and clinic-based longitudinal care, not limited to
hospital specialty services.
Question 4:
A clinic implements screening for adverse childhood
, experiences (ACEs) and integrates trauma-informed anticipatory
guidance into the medical home. Which rationale best supports
this practice?
A. ACEs are only relevant to mental health and do not affect
physical health.
B. ACEs are common and have dose–response associations with
later health risks; early identification in primary care enables
trauma-informed supports.
C. Screening for ACEs is not appropriate in primary care because
it increases clinic visit length without benefit.
D. ACEs can be cured with a single brief counseling session at
the well visit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evidence demonstrates ACEs are common and
associated in a dose–response way with long-term physical and
mental health risks; primary care identification and trauma-
informed interventions (referral, support, resilience-building)
can mitigate long-term harms. Option A is false—ACEs affect
both mental and physical health. Option C is incorrect because
primary care is an appropriate setting for screening and linking
families to resources; benefits often outweigh the time cost
when clinics have workflows. Option D is incorrect—ACEs are
complex; mitigation requires ongoing, trauma-informed support
rather than a single brief intervention. CDC+1
Question 5:
An adolescent with a complex congenital heart condition is
approaching transition to adult care. According to best practice
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 9-month-old infant presents for a well-child visit. The nurse
practitioner uses the visit to give age-appropriate anticipatory
guidance about safety (car seats, choking hazards), nutrition,
and developmental stimulation. Which concept best describes
this aspect of pediatric primary care?
A. Episodic illness care
B. Primary prevention within health supervision
C. Secondary prevention for developmental delay
D. Tertiary prevention for chronic disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright Futures and the model of pediatric primary
care emphasize health supervision visits that deliver
anticipatory guidance and preventive counseling (safety,
nutrition, developmental stimulation) to prevent injury and
promote healthy development — classic primary prevention.
Episodic illness care (A) addresses acute complaints, not routine
anticipatory guidance. Secondary prevention (C) involves early
detection and intervention (e.g., screening and referral for an
identified delay), which is not the primary goal of routine
,anticipatory guidance. Tertiary prevention (D) focuses on
reducing disability from established disease (e.g.,
rehabilitation), which does not apply to routine well-child
prevention activities. AAP
Question 2:
A 4-year-old with no chronic conditions is brought by a single
parent who reports high levels of stress and depressive
symptoms. Which action best reflects the “two-generation” or
dual-patient approach in pediatric primary care?
A. Focus solely on the child's vaccination schedule and growth
parameters.
B. Screen the parent for depression and refer to community
mental health resources while addressing the child’s needs.
C. Schedule more frequent well-child visits for the child and
avoid parental issues to maintain clinic efficiency.
D. Refer the child to specialty care for developmental
surveillance without addressing parental wellbeing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The two-generation model recognizes that child
health is intrinsically linked to caregiver health; screening and
addressing parental depression while caring for the child is
consistent with this approach. Option A is incomplete because it
ignores caregiver influences. Option C may increase child
follow-up but neglects the caregiver’s mental health,
undermining child outcomes. Option D routes care away from
addressing family context and misses an opportunity to
,intervene on a key determinant of the child’s health. Pediatrics
Publications+1
Question 3:
During a 15-year-old well visit, the NP explains that primary
care differs from primary prevention. Which statement correctly
distinguishes the two?
A. Primary care is exclusively preventive; primary prevention
treats illness.
B. Primary prevention is a component of primary care focused
on preventing disease before it occurs.
C. They are synonymous terms and interchangeable in clinical
practice.
D. Primary care refers only to specialty services delivered in
hospitals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention (immunizations, safety
counseling, healthy behaviors) is a component of primary care
but not synonymous with it. Primary care includes prevention,
chronic care management, acute care, care coordination, and
family-centered services. Option A is incorrect because it
reverses the roles. Option C is incorrect—terms are related but
not interchangeable. Option D is incorrect because primary care
is community- and clinic-based longitudinal care, not limited to
hospital specialty services.
Question 4:
A clinic implements screening for adverse childhood
, experiences (ACEs) and integrates trauma-informed anticipatory
guidance into the medical home. Which rationale best supports
this practice?
A. ACEs are only relevant to mental health and do not affect
physical health.
B. ACEs are common and have dose–response associations with
later health risks; early identification in primary care enables
trauma-informed supports.
C. Screening for ACEs is not appropriate in primary care because
it increases clinic visit length without benefit.
D. ACEs can be cured with a single brief counseling session at
the well visit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evidence demonstrates ACEs are common and
associated in a dose–response way with long-term physical and
mental health risks; primary care identification and trauma-
informed interventions (referral, support, resilience-building)
can mitigate long-term harms. Option A is false—ACEs affect
both mental and physical health. Option C is incorrect because
primary care is an appropriate setting for screening and linking
families to resources; benefits often outweigh the time cost
when clinics have workflows. Option D is incorrect—ACEs are
complex; mitigation requires ongoing, trauma-informed support
rather than a single brief intervention. CDC+1
Question 5:
An adolescent with a complex congenital heart condition is
approaching transition to adult care. According to best practice
