Sample Exam (Construct analysis of
questionnaires)
Lecture 1: Questionnaires & Measurement
1. Which of the following best distinguishes a questionnaire from a test?
A. A questionnaire measures performance; a test measures emotions.
B. A test measures performance; a questionnaire measures feelings.
C. Both measure maximum performance.
D. Neither involves subjective data.
2. What is the main goal of a personality questionnaire?
A. Measure what a person can do when motivated
B. Measure typical behavior
C. Measure cognitive ability
D. Measure task performance
3. Which type of variable cannot be directly observed?
A. Observable variable
B. Manifest variable
C. Latent variable
D. Criterion variable
4. Which of the following statements about validity is correct?
A. It indicates precision of measurement.
B. It means the study findings are consistent over time.
C. It tells whether we measure what we intend to measure.
D. It is unrelated to measurement error.
5. Reliability primarily concerns:
A. Truthfulness of measurement
B. Repeatability of measurement
C. Bias of measurement
D. Construct dimensionality
6. The example of a bathroom scale measuring a child holding a dog illustrates:
A. Valid but not reliable measurement
B. Reliable but not valid measurement
C. Both valid and reliable measurement
D. Neither valid nor reliable
7. Which term refers to traits that cannot be directly observed?
A. Objective variables
B. Latent constructs
C. Open-ended data
D. Manifest variables
8. A survey differs from a questionnaire because:
A. Surveys measure only attitudes.
B. Surveys include multiple questionnaires or instruments.
C. Questionnaires always involve interviews.
D. Questionnaires are longer.
, Lecture 2: Constructs & Scale Design Methods
9. Which of the following is deductive in nature?
A. Prototypical method
B. Internal method
C. Construct method
D. External method
10. The facet design method emphasizes:
A. Mapping sentences and content validity
B. Intuition and expert knowledge
C. Empirical item correlations
D. Predictive validity
11. The rational method relies most heavily on:
A. Nomological networks
B. Expert intuition
C. Empirical factor analysis
D. Criterion variables
12. The prototypical method is based on:
A. Nomological networks
B. Act frequency and behavior nomination
C. Factor loadings
D. Criterion validity
13. The internal method (factor analytic) is:
A. Deductive
B. Based on theory
C. Data-driven
D. Based on expert interviews
14. The external method (criterion-oriented) maximizes:
A. Construct validity
B. Criterion validity
C. Face validity
D. Discriminant validity
15. Which of the following is an example of the external method?
A. Likert scale
B. MMPI
C. Big Five inventory
D. Eysenck’s PEN test
16. In construct design, a facet represents:
A. A smaller part of a dimension
B. The entire construct
C. A behavioral outcome
D. A single test item
Lecture 3: Writing Questionnaire Items
17. Which rule advises against ambiguous time phrases like “recently”?
A. Rule 1
B. Rule 4
C. Rule 7
D. Rule 9
questionnaires)
Lecture 1: Questionnaires & Measurement
1. Which of the following best distinguishes a questionnaire from a test?
A. A questionnaire measures performance; a test measures emotions.
B. A test measures performance; a questionnaire measures feelings.
C. Both measure maximum performance.
D. Neither involves subjective data.
2. What is the main goal of a personality questionnaire?
A. Measure what a person can do when motivated
B. Measure typical behavior
C. Measure cognitive ability
D. Measure task performance
3. Which type of variable cannot be directly observed?
A. Observable variable
B. Manifest variable
C. Latent variable
D. Criterion variable
4. Which of the following statements about validity is correct?
A. It indicates precision of measurement.
B. It means the study findings are consistent over time.
C. It tells whether we measure what we intend to measure.
D. It is unrelated to measurement error.
5. Reliability primarily concerns:
A. Truthfulness of measurement
B. Repeatability of measurement
C. Bias of measurement
D. Construct dimensionality
6. The example of a bathroom scale measuring a child holding a dog illustrates:
A. Valid but not reliable measurement
B. Reliable but not valid measurement
C. Both valid and reliable measurement
D. Neither valid nor reliable
7. Which term refers to traits that cannot be directly observed?
A. Objective variables
B. Latent constructs
C. Open-ended data
D. Manifest variables
8. A survey differs from a questionnaire because:
A. Surveys measure only attitudes.
B. Surveys include multiple questionnaires or instruments.
C. Questionnaires always involve interviews.
D. Questionnaires are longer.
, Lecture 2: Constructs & Scale Design Methods
9. Which of the following is deductive in nature?
A. Prototypical method
B. Internal method
C. Construct method
D. External method
10. The facet design method emphasizes:
A. Mapping sentences and content validity
B. Intuition and expert knowledge
C. Empirical item correlations
D. Predictive validity
11. The rational method relies most heavily on:
A. Nomological networks
B. Expert intuition
C. Empirical factor analysis
D. Criterion variables
12. The prototypical method is based on:
A. Nomological networks
B. Act frequency and behavior nomination
C. Factor loadings
D. Criterion validity
13. The internal method (factor analytic) is:
A. Deductive
B. Based on theory
C. Data-driven
D. Based on expert interviews
14. The external method (criterion-oriented) maximizes:
A. Construct validity
B. Criterion validity
C. Face validity
D. Discriminant validity
15. Which of the following is an example of the external method?
A. Likert scale
B. MMPI
C. Big Five inventory
D. Eysenck’s PEN test
16. In construct design, a facet represents:
A. A smaller part of a dimension
B. The entire construct
C. A behavioral outcome
D. A single test item
Lecture 3: Writing Questionnaire Items
17. Which rule advises against ambiguous time phrases like “recently”?
A. Rule 1
B. Rule 4
C. Rule 7
D. Rule 9
