Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1
Question 1:
A 9-month-old infant presents for a well-child visit. The family
says they want to prevent future injuries and promote healthy
development. Which approach best exemplifies primary
prevention in pediatric primary care?
A. Prescribing iron supplements after a screening shows low
hemoglobin.
B. Counseling parents about installing window guards and using
rear-facing car seats.
C. Referring the infant to early intervention after delays are
noted.
D. Initiating treatment for an identified developmental disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury
before it occurs. Counseling caregivers on safety (window
guards, correct car seats) is anticipatory guidance to prevent
injury.
Why others are incorrect:
,A — Treating identified iron deficiency is secondary
prevention/therapeutic, not primary prevention.
C — Referral after delays is tertiary or secondary action (early
intervention is remediation/mitigation).
D — Initiating treatment addresses an existing condition
(secondary/tertiary), not preventing its initial occurrence.
Question 2:
A 15-year-old with cystic fibrosis is being prepared to move
from pediatric to adult care. Which intervention best
demonstrates effective transition planning?
A. Scheduling the last pediatric visit at age 18 and letting the
adolescent find an adult provider.
B. Beginning discussions about self-management skills,
medication knowledge, and adult care expectations during early
adolescence.
C. Transferring all medical records without involving the
adolescent.
D. Waiting until the first hospital admission as an adult to
address transition needs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Effective transition is a process that begins in early
adolescence and focuses on building self-management, health
literacy, and coordinated handoff to adult services. Starting
early allows skill-building and gradual assumption of
responsibility.
,Why others are incorrect:
A — Merely scheduling a last pediatric visit without preparation
does not ensure continuity or competence.
C — Transfer without adolescent involvement fails to promote
self-management and autonomy.
D — Waiting until adulthood or a crisis is reactive and risks care
gaps and poor outcomes.
Question 3:
A 4-year-old’s caregiver reports chronic household stressors
(housing instability, caregiver depression). The nurse recognizes
the child's exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).
Which immediate primary care action most appropriately
addresses the potential lifelong impact of ACEs?
A. Dismissing concerns because ACEs only affect mental health
later in life.
B. Screening for developmental delays and behavioral
symptoms, providing trauma-informed anticipatory guidance,
and connecting the family with community supports.
C. Referring the child for genetic testing to rule out risk.
D. Advising the caregiver to discipline more strictly to improve
child behavior.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACEs can have lifelong biopsychosocial effects;
primary care should use trauma-informed care, screen for
developmental/behavioral issues, and connect families with
, resources to mitigate effects. This is an evidence-based,
preventive, and supportive approach.
Why others are incorrect:
A — Incorrect and harmful; ACEs affect multiple domains across
the lifespan.
C — Genetic testing is irrelevant for psychosocial adversity.
D — Stricter discipline can worsen trauma responses and is not
an evidence-based strategy to mitigate ACEs.
Question 4:
A 2-year-old with multiple chronic conditions attends a primary
care visit. The family reports frustration with coordinating
specialists, therapies, and school services. Which model of care
is most appropriate for children and youth with special health
care needs (CYSHCN)?
A. Episodic urgent care with no designated primary provider.
B. A medical home with care coordination and family-centered
services.
C. Specialist-led care without collaboration with primary care.
D. Discharge to social services to coordinate all medical care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The medical home model—comprehensive,
continuous, family-centered, coordinated care—is the
recommended approach for CYSHCN to improve access,
outcomes, and family satisfaction.
Why others are incorrect:
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1
Question 1:
A 9-month-old infant presents for a well-child visit. The family
says they want to prevent future injuries and promote healthy
development. Which approach best exemplifies primary
prevention in pediatric primary care?
A. Prescribing iron supplements after a screening shows low
hemoglobin.
B. Counseling parents about installing window guards and using
rear-facing car seats.
C. Referring the infant to early intervention after delays are
noted.
D. Initiating treatment for an identified developmental disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury
before it occurs. Counseling caregivers on safety (window
guards, correct car seats) is anticipatory guidance to prevent
injury.
Why others are incorrect:
,A — Treating identified iron deficiency is secondary
prevention/therapeutic, not primary prevention.
C — Referral after delays is tertiary or secondary action (early
intervention is remediation/mitigation).
D — Initiating treatment addresses an existing condition
(secondary/tertiary), not preventing its initial occurrence.
Question 2:
A 15-year-old with cystic fibrosis is being prepared to move
from pediatric to adult care. Which intervention best
demonstrates effective transition planning?
A. Scheduling the last pediatric visit at age 18 and letting the
adolescent find an adult provider.
B. Beginning discussions about self-management skills,
medication knowledge, and adult care expectations during early
adolescence.
C. Transferring all medical records without involving the
adolescent.
D. Waiting until the first hospital admission as an adult to
address transition needs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Effective transition is a process that begins in early
adolescence and focuses on building self-management, health
literacy, and coordinated handoff to adult services. Starting
early allows skill-building and gradual assumption of
responsibility.
,Why others are incorrect:
A — Merely scheduling a last pediatric visit without preparation
does not ensure continuity or competence.
C — Transfer without adolescent involvement fails to promote
self-management and autonomy.
D — Waiting until adulthood or a crisis is reactive and risks care
gaps and poor outcomes.
Question 3:
A 4-year-old’s caregiver reports chronic household stressors
(housing instability, caregiver depression). The nurse recognizes
the child's exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).
Which immediate primary care action most appropriately
addresses the potential lifelong impact of ACEs?
A. Dismissing concerns because ACEs only affect mental health
later in life.
B. Screening for developmental delays and behavioral
symptoms, providing trauma-informed anticipatory guidance,
and connecting the family with community supports.
C. Referring the child for genetic testing to rule out risk.
D. Advising the caregiver to discipline more strictly to improve
child behavior.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACEs can have lifelong biopsychosocial effects;
primary care should use trauma-informed care, screen for
developmental/behavioral issues, and connect families with
, resources to mitigate effects. This is an evidence-based,
preventive, and supportive approach.
Why others are incorrect:
A — Incorrect and harmful; ACEs affect multiple domains across
the lifespan.
C — Genetic testing is irrelevant for psychosocial adversity.
D — Stricter discipline can worsen trauma responses and is not
an evidence-based strategy to mitigate ACEs.
Question 4:
A 2-year-old with multiple chronic conditions attends a primary
care visit. The family reports frustration with coordinating
specialists, therapies, and school services. Which model of care
is most appropriate for children and youth with special health
care needs (CYSHCN)?
A. Episodic urgent care with no designated primary provider.
B. A medical home with care coordination and family-centered
services.
C. Specialist-led care without collaboration with primary care.
D. Discharge to social services to coordinate all medical care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The medical home model—comprehensive,
continuous, family-centered, coordinated care—is the
recommended approach for CYSHCN to improve access,
outcomes, and family satisfaction.
Why others are incorrect:
