CNUR 302: Pediatric Pain, Pain theory
and Nursing interventions Latest
Exam with Solved Solutions 2025-2026
Graded to Pass.
Behavioral measures of pain - Answer Distress measures such as crying, facial expression and
body movements occur in response to acute painful procedures and are associated with pain.
Facial expressions that indicate pain - Answer - Brow bulge, eye squeeze, nasolabial furrow,
and stretched open lips
Behavioral pain scales may be more time consuming to conduct than obtaining self-reports
Nonpharmacological Management: - Answer Distraction, relaxation, guided imagery and
cutaneous stimulation
General pain strategies - Answer - Use nonpain descriptors: heat or pinch.
o Stay with child
o Support parents to stay with child
o Reassure child the pain is not there fault
Distraction: - Answer - Radio, TV- Whatever is best for the child
o Deep breath and blow it out until told to stop
o Blow the hurt away
o Use humor, telling jokes, watching cartoons
o Have child read or play
- Relaxation: - Answer -With young child hold them, rock them
-Ask older children to take a deep breath
- Guided imagery: - Answer o Have the child describe details of the event
o Write down or record the script
, neuropathic pain - Answer Gabapentin, carbamazepine, and clonazepam
Severe resp depression from opioids - Answer Naloxone
Purpose of pain management - Answer Optimize prevention assessment and management of
pain in children
Types of pain children experience - Answer Procedural pain, Pain related to acute and chronic
diseases, pre and post op pain, recurrent and chronic pain such as abdo or headache.
Pain assessment - Answer -Standard of care
-Pain can be influenced by cultural beliefs
-Pain will be reassessed within 1 hour of a pain management intervention and reassessment will
continue q4h or more often until pain relief is achieved
every patient will have a pain assessment at these times - Answer -time of healthcare
interaction or admission
-With vital signs
-When the patient is at risk for pain and or receiving pain management interventions
Acute pain - Answer Is of sudden onset, it felt immediately following injury, is severe in
intensity but usually short.
Chronic pain - Answer Continuous or recurrent pain that persists beyond the normal time of
healing. May begin as acute and persist for long periods of time.
Analgesics should be given based on four principles - Answer -By the WHO ladder
-By the clock
-By the appropriate route
-By the child
WHO Ladder - Answer Analgesics are stepped according to pain severity. Use more than one
and Nursing interventions Latest
Exam with Solved Solutions 2025-2026
Graded to Pass.
Behavioral measures of pain - Answer Distress measures such as crying, facial expression and
body movements occur in response to acute painful procedures and are associated with pain.
Facial expressions that indicate pain - Answer - Brow bulge, eye squeeze, nasolabial furrow,
and stretched open lips
Behavioral pain scales may be more time consuming to conduct than obtaining self-reports
Nonpharmacological Management: - Answer Distraction, relaxation, guided imagery and
cutaneous stimulation
General pain strategies - Answer - Use nonpain descriptors: heat or pinch.
o Stay with child
o Support parents to stay with child
o Reassure child the pain is not there fault
Distraction: - Answer - Radio, TV- Whatever is best for the child
o Deep breath and blow it out until told to stop
o Blow the hurt away
o Use humor, telling jokes, watching cartoons
o Have child read or play
- Relaxation: - Answer -With young child hold them, rock them
-Ask older children to take a deep breath
- Guided imagery: - Answer o Have the child describe details of the event
o Write down or record the script
, neuropathic pain - Answer Gabapentin, carbamazepine, and clonazepam
Severe resp depression from opioids - Answer Naloxone
Purpose of pain management - Answer Optimize prevention assessment and management of
pain in children
Types of pain children experience - Answer Procedural pain, Pain related to acute and chronic
diseases, pre and post op pain, recurrent and chronic pain such as abdo or headache.
Pain assessment - Answer -Standard of care
-Pain can be influenced by cultural beliefs
-Pain will be reassessed within 1 hour of a pain management intervention and reassessment will
continue q4h or more often until pain relief is achieved
every patient will have a pain assessment at these times - Answer -time of healthcare
interaction or admission
-With vital signs
-When the patient is at risk for pain and or receiving pain management interventions
Acute pain - Answer Is of sudden onset, it felt immediately following injury, is severe in
intensity but usually short.
Chronic pain - Answer Continuous or recurrent pain that persists beyond the normal time of
healing. May begin as acute and persist for long periods of time.
Analgesics should be given based on four principles - Answer -By the WHO ladder
-By the clock
-By the appropriate route
-By the child
WHO Ladder - Answer Analgesics are stepped according to pain severity. Use more than one
