ETSU Accelerated BSN
Program EXAM 1
Section 1: Growth and Development
1. A 2-year-old child is hospitalized. Which toy is most appropriate for the nurse to
provide?
A. Jigsaw puzzle with small pieces
B. Coloring book and crayons
C. Push–pull toy
D. Board game
Answer: ✅ C. Push–pull toy
Rationale: Toddlers benefit from gross motor play. Push–pull toys promote
coordination and mobility. Small objects pose a choking hazard.
2. At what age does an infant typically develop the ability to sit unsupported?
A. 4 months
B. 6 months
C. 8 months
D. 10 months
Answer: ✅ C. 8 months
Rationale: By 8 months, most infants can sit without support. At 6 months, they may
sit with support.
,3. The nurse observes a 4-year-old engaging in associative play. Which behavior
demonstrates this type of play?
A. Playing side-by-side but not interacting
B. Playing separately with similar toys
C. Cooperating and taking turns in an organized game
D. Pretending to be a doctor and a patient with another child
Answer: ✅ D. Pretending to be a doctor and a patient with another child
Rationale: Associative play involves interactive, imaginative play common in
preschoolers.
4. According to Erikson, the major developmental task of a toddler (1–3 years) is:
A. Trust vs. mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
C. Initiative vs. guilt
D. Industry vs. inferiority
Answer: ✅ B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Rationale: Toddlers strive for independence; excessive criticism can lead to shame
and doubt.
5. Which milestone is expected in a 12-month-old infant?
A. Walks independently
B. Builds a tower of two blocks
C. Says 3–5 words besides “mama” and “dada”
D. Uses a spoon effectively
Answer: ✅ C. Says 3–5 words besides “mama” and “dada”
Rationale: Speech begins to expand near one year; walking and tower building occur
slightly later.
Section 2: Pediatric Nursing Care & Safety
,6. The most effective way to prevent the spread of infection in a pediatric unit is:
A. Using gloves for all patient contact
B. Keeping toys clean
C. Hand hygiene before and after contact
D. Using isolation precautions for all patients
Answer: ✅ C. Hand hygiene before and after contact
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most effective infection control measure.
7. The nurse must calculate a medication for a child weighing 15 kg. The prescribed
dose is 10 mg/kg/day divided into two doses. How many mg should the nurse
administer per dose?
Answer:
10 mg × 15 kg = 150 mg/day
150 ÷ 2 = ✅ 75 mg per dose
8. A 5-year-old is scheduled for surgery. Which nursing action will best help reduce
preoperative anxiety?
A. Tell the child not to worry
B. Allow the child to handle the anesthesia mask
C. Reassure the parents only
D. Provide detailed written information
Answer: ✅ B. Allow the child to handle the anesthesia mask
Rationale: Hands-on familiarization helps preschoolers feel more in control and less
anxious.
9. The nurse notes bruises on a 3-year-old’s arms and back in various stages of
healing. What should the nurse do first?
A. Ask the parents what happened
B. Notify the charge nurse or provider immediately
, C. Document and discharge the child
D. Discuss with the social worker later
Answer: ✅ B. Notify the charge nurse or provider immediately
Rationale: Any suspicion of abuse requires immediate reporting per mandatory
reporting laws.
10. What is the appropriate method to measure temperature in a 2-year-old?
A. Oral
B. Axillary
C. Rectal
D. Tympanic
Answer: ✅ B. Axillary
Rationale: Axillary temperatures are non-invasive and safe for toddlers.
Section 3: Common Pediatric Disorders
11. A nurse is caring for an infant with bronchiolitis (RSV). Which nursing
intervention is the priority?
A. Encourage oral fluids
B. Suction nasal passages as needed
C. Administer antibiotics
D. Restrict visitors
Answer: ✅ B. Suction nasal passages as needed
Rationale: Airway clearance is the priority; RSV is viral, so antibiotics are not
indicated.
12. A child with cystic fibrosis is admitted for pulmonary exacerbation. The nurse
expects which finding?
A. Low chloride in sweat
Program EXAM 1
Section 1: Growth and Development
1. A 2-year-old child is hospitalized. Which toy is most appropriate for the nurse to
provide?
A. Jigsaw puzzle with small pieces
B. Coloring book and crayons
C. Push–pull toy
D. Board game
Answer: ✅ C. Push–pull toy
Rationale: Toddlers benefit from gross motor play. Push–pull toys promote
coordination and mobility. Small objects pose a choking hazard.
2. At what age does an infant typically develop the ability to sit unsupported?
A. 4 months
B. 6 months
C. 8 months
D. 10 months
Answer: ✅ C. 8 months
Rationale: By 8 months, most infants can sit without support. At 6 months, they may
sit with support.
,3. The nurse observes a 4-year-old engaging in associative play. Which behavior
demonstrates this type of play?
A. Playing side-by-side but not interacting
B. Playing separately with similar toys
C. Cooperating and taking turns in an organized game
D. Pretending to be a doctor and a patient with another child
Answer: ✅ D. Pretending to be a doctor and a patient with another child
Rationale: Associative play involves interactive, imaginative play common in
preschoolers.
4. According to Erikson, the major developmental task of a toddler (1–3 years) is:
A. Trust vs. mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
C. Initiative vs. guilt
D. Industry vs. inferiority
Answer: ✅ B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Rationale: Toddlers strive for independence; excessive criticism can lead to shame
and doubt.
5. Which milestone is expected in a 12-month-old infant?
A. Walks independently
B. Builds a tower of two blocks
C. Says 3–5 words besides “mama” and “dada”
D. Uses a spoon effectively
Answer: ✅ C. Says 3–5 words besides “mama” and “dada”
Rationale: Speech begins to expand near one year; walking and tower building occur
slightly later.
Section 2: Pediatric Nursing Care & Safety
,6. The most effective way to prevent the spread of infection in a pediatric unit is:
A. Using gloves for all patient contact
B. Keeping toys clean
C. Hand hygiene before and after contact
D. Using isolation precautions for all patients
Answer: ✅ C. Hand hygiene before and after contact
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most effective infection control measure.
7. The nurse must calculate a medication for a child weighing 15 kg. The prescribed
dose is 10 mg/kg/day divided into two doses. How many mg should the nurse
administer per dose?
Answer:
10 mg × 15 kg = 150 mg/day
150 ÷ 2 = ✅ 75 mg per dose
8. A 5-year-old is scheduled for surgery. Which nursing action will best help reduce
preoperative anxiety?
A. Tell the child not to worry
B. Allow the child to handle the anesthesia mask
C. Reassure the parents only
D. Provide detailed written information
Answer: ✅ B. Allow the child to handle the anesthesia mask
Rationale: Hands-on familiarization helps preschoolers feel more in control and less
anxious.
9. The nurse notes bruises on a 3-year-old’s arms and back in various stages of
healing. What should the nurse do first?
A. Ask the parents what happened
B. Notify the charge nurse or provider immediately
, C. Document and discharge the child
D. Discuss with the social worker later
Answer: ✅ B. Notify the charge nurse or provider immediately
Rationale: Any suspicion of abuse requires immediate reporting per mandatory
reporting laws.
10. What is the appropriate method to measure temperature in a 2-year-old?
A. Oral
B. Axillary
C. Rectal
D. Tympanic
Answer: ✅ B. Axillary
Rationale: Axillary temperatures are non-invasive and safe for toddlers.
Section 3: Common Pediatric Disorders
11. A nurse is caring for an infant with bronchiolitis (RSV). Which nursing
intervention is the priority?
A. Encourage oral fluids
B. Suction nasal passages as needed
C. Administer antibiotics
D. Restrict visitors
Answer: ✅ B. Suction nasal passages as needed
Rationale: Airway clearance is the priority; RSV is viral, so antibiotics are not
indicated.
12. A child with cystic fibrosis is admitted for pulmonary exacerbation. The nurse
expects which finding?
A. Low chloride in sweat
