BIOD 210 Module 3 Exam
1. Who is known as the father of genetics?
Answer: Gregor Mendel.
2. What organism did Mendel use for his genetic experiments?
Answer: The garden pea (Pisum sativum).
3. What is a genotype?
Answer: The genetic makeup of an organism (the combination of alleles).
4. What is a phenotype?
Answer: The observable traits or characteristics of an organism.
5. What does it mean when an organism is homozygous for a trait?
Answer: It has two identical alleles for that trait (e.g., AA or aa).
6. What does it mean when an organism is heterozygous for a trait?
Answer: It has two different alleles for that trait (e.g., Aa).
7. Define dominant allele.
Answer: An allele that masks the expression of another allele when present.
8. Define recessive allele.
Answer: An allele whose expression is masked by a dominant allele.
9. What is Mendel’s Law of Segregation?
, Answer: Each individual has two alleles for each trait, which separate during gamete
formation.
10. What is Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?
Answer: Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other.
Section 2: Punnett Squares & Probability
11. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two
heterozygotes (Aa × Aa)?
Answer: 3:1 (three dominant phenotype, one recessive).
12. What is the genotypic ratio for the same cross (Aa × Aa)?
Answer: 1:2:1 (AA, Aa, aa).
13. What is the probability of producing a homozygous recessive offspring from two
heterozygous parents?
Answer: 25% (1/4).
14. What type of inheritance is shown when red (RR) and white (rr) flowers produce
pink (Rr) offspring?
Answer: Incomplete dominance.
15. When both alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygote (e.g., AB blood type),
what inheritance pattern is this?
Answer: Codominance.
Section 3: DNA & Molecular Genetics
16. What are the building blocks of DNA?
Answer: Nucleotides.
1. Who is known as the father of genetics?
Answer: Gregor Mendel.
2. What organism did Mendel use for his genetic experiments?
Answer: The garden pea (Pisum sativum).
3. What is a genotype?
Answer: The genetic makeup of an organism (the combination of alleles).
4. What is a phenotype?
Answer: The observable traits or characteristics of an organism.
5. What does it mean when an organism is homozygous for a trait?
Answer: It has two identical alleles for that trait (e.g., AA or aa).
6. What does it mean when an organism is heterozygous for a trait?
Answer: It has two different alleles for that trait (e.g., Aa).
7. Define dominant allele.
Answer: An allele that masks the expression of another allele when present.
8. Define recessive allele.
Answer: An allele whose expression is masked by a dominant allele.
9. What is Mendel’s Law of Segregation?
, Answer: Each individual has two alleles for each trait, which separate during gamete
formation.
10. What is Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?
Answer: Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other.
Section 2: Punnett Squares & Probability
11. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two
heterozygotes (Aa × Aa)?
Answer: 3:1 (three dominant phenotype, one recessive).
12. What is the genotypic ratio for the same cross (Aa × Aa)?
Answer: 1:2:1 (AA, Aa, aa).
13. What is the probability of producing a homozygous recessive offspring from two
heterozygous parents?
Answer: 25% (1/4).
14. What type of inheritance is shown when red (RR) and white (rr) flowers produce
pink (Rr) offspring?
Answer: Incomplete dominance.
15. When both alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygote (e.g., AB blood type),
what inheritance pattern is this?
Answer: Codominance.
Section 3: DNA & Molecular Genetics
16. What are the building blocks of DNA?
Answer: Nucleotides.
