Bio 243 Practice Lab Exam – 30 Questions on Mitosis, Mutations, Plasmids, Statistics

This document provides 30 multiple-choice practice questions with verified A+ answers for the Bio 243 Practice Lab Exam (2025/2026 academic year). It is tailored to help students revise and test their understanding of laboratory-based biological concepts, methodologies, and statistical analysis in a university-level biology course. The content covers a wide range of foundational topics including: Cell division, such as chromosome behavior through multiple rounds of mitosis and identifying phases like prophase and metaphase. Bacterial genetics and the use of pGLO plasmids for genetic engineering experiments, including agar plate outcomes with varying conditions like arabinose and ampicillin. Types of genetic mutations, including silent (synonymous), missense, nonsense, and frameshift mutations. Statistical testing, specifically Chi-square tests and t-tests, with interpretation of null hypotheses and significance. Evolutionary principles, such as bacterial adaptation to antibiotics, mutation rates, and allele identity in chromatids and homologous chromosomes. Also featured are real lab-based scenarios, such as interpreting bacterial growth on selective media, analyzing controls, and designing experiments for increased statistical power. This practical focus makes it highly valuable for students aiming to solidify both theoretical understanding and lab application. This document is ideal for: BSc Biology students Biomedical Science undergraduates Genetics and Biotechnology majors Pre-Med students Life Science and Molecular Biology learners preparing for lab exams It serves as a concise yet comprehensive resource, ensuring students are well-prepared for assessments that test both knowledge and lab-based reasoning. Keywords: mitosis, meiosis, bacterial genetics, pGLO plasmid, genetic transformation, arabinose, ampicillin, t-test, chi-square test, mutation types, frameshift mutation, synonymous mutation, adaptation, evolutionary biology, lab exam practice, salinity gradient, allele identity, genetic engineering, biology statistics, university biology