NURS 508 NEWEST VERSION 2025-2026 \ACTUAL
EXAM 2 \COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
DETAILED ANSWERS \ASSURED PASS \GRADED
A+|BRAND NEW !!
-Kussmaul respirations*
-sweet, fruity breath odor*
What are some key -ketone release*
manifestations of DKA? -glucose >250
-metabolic acidosis
-can result in hypoglycemia which can be fatal
Why do we have to carefully
-can get cerebral edema during Tx
lower blood sugar in DKA?
-can cause AKI
-free fatty acids convert to ketone bodies = metabolic acidosis
Why is there metabolic
acidosis with DKA? -there are excess H ions
-initiate IV access
What are some initial -monitor confusion (can have more severe neuro effects than
interventions upon DKA)
-IV fluid resuscitation ASAP
presentation with HHS?
-monitor serum K (hypokalemia) and replace as needed
, -profound dehydration
-glucose >600
What are the key
-acute confusion
manifestations of HHS?
-hemodynamic instability (hypotension + tachycardia)
-acute illness**
-UTI
What are some risk factors for
-newly diagnosed type 2 DM
HHS?
-inability to replace fluids
1. pseudocyst: causes pain, N/V, anorexia;
What are the 2 main local detected with imaging; resolves spontaneously
complications of pancreatitis or may need surgery
and their nursing processes? 2. abscess: causes upper abd pain, fever, & leukocytosis;
*need prompt surgery to drain*
-discoloration around the umbilicus
What is Cullen's sign?
-manifestation of pancreatitis
-pleural effusion
-atelectasis
What are some respiratory
-pneumonia
complications of -ARDs
pancreatitis? -crackles
-by not taking in food, the pancreas will not be stimulated
Why are pancreatitis patients
NPO? -destimulation = less pain
-gallstones**
What are some risk factors for -chronic alcohol
pancreatitis? -ERCP
-tetany
What are some signs of
-Trousseau's sign: hand spasm with BP cuff inflation
hypocalcemia from
-Chvostek's sign: twitch of the facial muscles when you tap their
pancreatitis? cheek
-LUQ or mid-epigastric pain that may radiate to the back
What is the hallmark
-sudden onset
symptom of pancreatitis?
-worsens with eating
-NPO during disease process because NPO decreases bile which
What is the diet for decreases pain
gallbladder disease? -need low-fat diet for life if they have gallbladder
removed and don't take supplements**
-no baths for weeks
What are the discharge
-come back if bile-colored, purulent drainage, or excess drainage
instructions after a
-may return to work in a week
laparoscopic
EXAM 2 \COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
DETAILED ANSWERS \ASSURED PASS \GRADED
A+|BRAND NEW !!
-Kussmaul respirations*
-sweet, fruity breath odor*
What are some key -ketone release*
manifestations of DKA? -glucose >250
-metabolic acidosis
-can result in hypoglycemia which can be fatal
Why do we have to carefully
-can get cerebral edema during Tx
lower blood sugar in DKA?
-can cause AKI
-free fatty acids convert to ketone bodies = metabolic acidosis
Why is there metabolic
acidosis with DKA? -there are excess H ions
-initiate IV access
What are some initial -monitor confusion (can have more severe neuro effects than
interventions upon DKA)
-IV fluid resuscitation ASAP
presentation with HHS?
-monitor serum K (hypokalemia) and replace as needed
, -profound dehydration
-glucose >600
What are the key
-acute confusion
manifestations of HHS?
-hemodynamic instability (hypotension + tachycardia)
-acute illness**
-UTI
What are some risk factors for
-newly diagnosed type 2 DM
HHS?
-inability to replace fluids
1. pseudocyst: causes pain, N/V, anorexia;
What are the 2 main local detected with imaging; resolves spontaneously
complications of pancreatitis or may need surgery
and their nursing processes? 2. abscess: causes upper abd pain, fever, & leukocytosis;
*need prompt surgery to drain*
-discoloration around the umbilicus
What is Cullen's sign?
-manifestation of pancreatitis
-pleural effusion
-atelectasis
What are some respiratory
-pneumonia
complications of -ARDs
pancreatitis? -crackles
-by not taking in food, the pancreas will not be stimulated
Why are pancreatitis patients
NPO? -destimulation = less pain
-gallstones**
What are some risk factors for -chronic alcohol
pancreatitis? -ERCP
-tetany
What are some signs of
-Trousseau's sign: hand spasm with BP cuff inflation
hypocalcemia from
-Chvostek's sign: twitch of the facial muscles when you tap their
pancreatitis? cheek
-LUQ or mid-epigastric pain that may radiate to the back
What is the hallmark
-sudden onset
symptom of pancreatitis?
-worsens with eating
-NPO during disease process because NPO decreases bile which
What is the diet for decreases pain
gallbladder disease? -need low-fat diet for life if they have gallbladder
removed and don't take supplements**
-no baths for weeks
What are the discharge
-come back if bile-colored, purulent drainage, or excess drainage
instructions after a
-may return to work in a week
laparoscopic
