Human Anatomy and Physiology Application
Questions | Fall Semester 2025/2026 | Updated
2026 Edition | Verified Practice Questions with
Correct Answers & Rationales | Comprehensive A&P
Test Bank and Study Guide for Nursing & College
Students
Question 1
What is the main function of the integumentary system?
A) Nutrient absorption
B) Protection
C) Hormone regulation
D) Gas exchange
Rationale: The integumentary system, which includes the skin, protects the body from
external damage.
Question 2
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
Rationale: Dendrites receive signals from other neurons.
Question 3
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
A) Support and protection
B) Hormone production
C) Movement
D) Nutrient absorption
Rationale: The skeletal system provides structural support and protects vital organs.
Question 4
Which organ filters blood to produce urine?
A) Heart
B) Kidney
C) Liver
D) Spleen
,Rationale: The kidneys filter blood to form urine, excreting waste products.
Question 5
What is the role of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
A) Conduct air to the trachea
B) Facilitate gas exchange
C) Warm incoming air
D) Produce sound
Rationale: Alveoli are the sites of gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide in
the lungs.
Question 6
Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels?
A) Cortisol
B) Insulin
C) Adrenaline
D) Thyroxine
Rationale: Insulin is produced by the pancreas and helps lower blood glucose levels.
Question 7
What type of joint is found in the shoulder?
A) Hinge joint
B) Ball-and-socket joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Saddle joint
Rationale: The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint, allowing for a wide range of
motion.
Question 8
Which structure in the brain controls balance and coordination?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Brainstem
D) Thalamus
Rationale: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and
maintaining balance.
,Question 9
Which type of epithelial tissue is specialized for absorption?
A) Stratified squamous
B) Simple columnar
C) Transitional
D) Ciliated
Rationale: Simple columnar epithelium is specialized for absorption and is found in the
intestines.
Question 10
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
A) Transport nutrients and gases
B) Regulation of body temperature
C) Hormone production
D) Waste excretion
Rationale: The circulatory system transports nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste
products throughout the body.
Question 11
What is the main function of the liver?
A) Produce insulin
B) Detoxify substances
C) Filter blood
D) Regulate temperature
Rationale: The liver detoxifies harmful substances and metabolizes drugs.
Question 12
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
A) Uvula
B) Epiglottis
C) Pharynx
D) Larynx
Rationale: The epiglottis acts as a flap that closes over the trachea during swallowing.
, Question 13
What is the primary action of the diaphragm during inhalation?
A) Relax and move upward
B) Contract and move downward
C) Expand the rib cage
D) Close the trachea
Rationale: During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward,
increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity.
Question 14
Which type of muscle is involuntary and striated?
A) Smooth
B) Cardiac
C) Skeletal
D) Striated
Rationale: Cardiac muscle is involuntary and found only in the heart.
Question 15
What is the main role of the hypothalamus?
A) Control heart rate
B) Regulate body temperature and hunger
C) Process visual information
D) Coordinate motor functions
Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates various homeostatic functions, including
temperature and hunger.
Question 16
Which organ is responsible for producing bile?
A) Gallbladder
B) Liver
C) Pancreas
D) Stomach
Rationale: The liver produces bile, which is important for the digestion of fats.
Question 17
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
Questions | Fall Semester 2025/2026 | Updated
2026 Edition | Verified Practice Questions with
Correct Answers & Rationales | Comprehensive A&P
Test Bank and Study Guide for Nursing & College
Students
Question 1
What is the main function of the integumentary system?
A) Nutrient absorption
B) Protection
C) Hormone regulation
D) Gas exchange
Rationale: The integumentary system, which includes the skin, protects the body from
external damage.
Question 2
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
Rationale: Dendrites receive signals from other neurons.
Question 3
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
A) Support and protection
B) Hormone production
C) Movement
D) Nutrient absorption
Rationale: The skeletal system provides structural support and protects vital organs.
Question 4
Which organ filters blood to produce urine?
A) Heart
B) Kidney
C) Liver
D) Spleen
,Rationale: The kidneys filter blood to form urine, excreting waste products.
Question 5
What is the role of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
A) Conduct air to the trachea
B) Facilitate gas exchange
C) Warm incoming air
D) Produce sound
Rationale: Alveoli are the sites of gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide in
the lungs.
Question 6
Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels?
A) Cortisol
B) Insulin
C) Adrenaline
D) Thyroxine
Rationale: Insulin is produced by the pancreas and helps lower blood glucose levels.
Question 7
What type of joint is found in the shoulder?
A) Hinge joint
B) Ball-and-socket joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Saddle joint
Rationale: The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint, allowing for a wide range of
motion.
Question 8
Which structure in the brain controls balance and coordination?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Brainstem
D) Thalamus
Rationale: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and
maintaining balance.
,Question 9
Which type of epithelial tissue is specialized for absorption?
A) Stratified squamous
B) Simple columnar
C) Transitional
D) Ciliated
Rationale: Simple columnar epithelium is specialized for absorption and is found in the
intestines.
Question 10
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
A) Transport nutrients and gases
B) Regulation of body temperature
C) Hormone production
D) Waste excretion
Rationale: The circulatory system transports nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste
products throughout the body.
Question 11
What is the main function of the liver?
A) Produce insulin
B) Detoxify substances
C) Filter blood
D) Regulate temperature
Rationale: The liver detoxifies harmful substances and metabolizes drugs.
Question 12
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
A) Uvula
B) Epiglottis
C) Pharynx
D) Larynx
Rationale: The epiglottis acts as a flap that closes over the trachea during swallowing.
, Question 13
What is the primary action of the diaphragm during inhalation?
A) Relax and move upward
B) Contract and move downward
C) Expand the rib cage
D) Close the trachea
Rationale: During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward,
increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity.
Question 14
Which type of muscle is involuntary and striated?
A) Smooth
B) Cardiac
C) Skeletal
D) Striated
Rationale: Cardiac muscle is involuntary and found only in the heart.
Question 15
What is the main role of the hypothalamus?
A) Control heart rate
B) Regulate body temperature and hunger
C) Process visual information
D) Coordinate motor functions
Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates various homeostatic functions, including
temperature and hunger.
Question 16
Which organ is responsible for producing bile?
A) Gallbladder
B) Liver
C) Pancreas
D) Stomach
Rationale: The liver produces bile, which is important for the digestion of fats.
Question 17
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
