CORRECT ANSWERS|2025/2026|GRADED
A 3-hour-old neonate is found to be polycythemic. What is the likely cause?
A: Placental transfusion
B: Low amniotic fluid level
C: Normal fetal hemoglobin (HbF)
D: Fetal anemia - ANSWER A: Placental transfusion
Inadvertant migration of the intra-aortic balloon may cause all of the following EXCEPT:
A: Loss of renal perfusion
B: Loss of flow to the carotid artery
C: Loss of blood flow to the renal arteries
D: Loss of flow to the subclavian artery - ANSWER B: Loss of flow to the carotid artery
The transport team provider has arrived to transfer a patient with a confirmed hemorrhagic
stroke. During pupillary assessment the clinical provider notices bilateral eyelid retraction.
What is this assessment finding called?
A: Collier's Sign
B: Kernig's Sign
C: Cullen's
D: Kehr's Sign - ANSWER A: Collier's Sign
In evaluating fetal heart characteristics, which finding is most important in determining
neurological maturity?
,A: Transient accelerations and decelerations
B: Variability
C: Accelerations
D: Flat or decreased beat-to-beat variability - ANSWER B: Variability
Which of the following hemodynamic parameters would indicate left ventricular failure in a
patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
A: PAP 48/26, PCWP 20
B: PAP 25/21, PCWP 13
C: PAP 48/26, PCWP 12
D: PAP 22/12, PCWP 16 - ANSWER A: PAP 48/26, PCWP 20
Which of the following hemodynamic parameters would be most indicative of cardiogenic
shock?
A: Systolic blood pressure 140 mmHg, CI 3 L/min, PCWP 8 mmHg
B: Systolic blood pressure 80 mmHg, CI 1.8 L/min, PCWP 30 mmHg
C: Systolic blood pressure 90 mmHg, CI 2.2 L/min, PCWP 5 mmHg
D: Systolic blood pressure 120 mmHg, CI 4 L/min, PCWP 12 mmHg - ANSWER B: Systolic
blood pressure 80 mmHg, CI 1.8 L/min, PCWP 30 mmHg
The primary treatment in reversing malignant hyperthermia is what medication?
A: Dantrolene
B: Calcium chloride
C: Vecuronium
D: Fentanyl - ANSWER A: Dantrolene
,- ANSWER explain the image
A 40-year-old male patient with a history of a traumatic brain injury is being transported by
helicopter to a regional facility. During the flight, you review the medical records and note that
the patient presented to the emergency department that morning with low serum osmolality,
hyponatremia, and a high urine specific gravity. You suspect this patient may be suffering from:
A: Anaphylaxis
B: Diabetes insipidus (DI)
C: Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH)
D: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) - ANSWER C: Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic
hormone (SIADH)
A patient presents in thyroid storm from an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism. What are their
expected labs?
A: TSH elevated, T3 and T4 decreased
B: TSH elevated, T3 and T4 increased
C: TSH depressed, T3 and T4 decreased
D: TSH depressed, T3 and T4 increased - ANSWER D: TSH depressed, T3 and T4 increased
Regarding the diabetic ketoacidosis PT, Glucose should be decreased based on the following
guidlines?
A: Glucose decreased < 200mg/dL per hour
B: Glucose decrease < 100mg/dL per hour
C: Glucose decrease > 200mg/dL per hour
D: Glucose decrease > 100mg/dL per hour - ANSWER B: Glucose decrease < 100mg/dL
per hour
, You respond to a local ER to transport a 50 year old female. You receive lab values after leaving
the facility and note a Na: 160 alond with a inceares oslolality serum, urinary output, and a low
specific gravity. What is more than likely occuring?
A: Thyroid storm
B: Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
C: Sepsis shock
D: Sickle-Cell Crisis - ANSWER B: Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
A patient was recently started on enteral feedings at a long-term care facility. They are
transferred to the local emergency room due to a change in their level of consciousness.
Current lab values are: Na+ 150, BUN 80 mg/dL, serum glucose 870 mg/dL, and serum
osmolality 377 mOsm/kg. What is the most likely cause of the abnormal serum osmolality?
A: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
B: Overuse of diuretics
C: Overhydration
D: Dehydration - ANSWER
A patient with a history of seizure activity just before arrival is being transported. The patient
has been outside fishing in mid-July. Labs are as follows: CK 28,000, BUN 68, Cr 2.0, and urine is
very dark with urine output from a Foley catheter of 20 mL over the past 2 hours. The patient is
unresponsive with the following vital signs: BP 100/40, HR 140, RR 28, SpO2 94%. What is the
suspected diagnosis?
A: Tricyclic antidepressant overdose
B: Urosepsis
C: Rhabdomyolysis
D: Acute coronary syndrome - ANSWER
A 3-hour-old neonate is found to be polycythemic. What is the likely cause?
A: Placental transfusion
B: Low amniotic fluid level
C: Normal fetal hemoglobin (HbF)
D: Fetal anemia - ANSWER A: Placental transfusion
Inadvertant migration of the intra-aortic balloon may cause all of the following EXCEPT:
A: Loss of renal perfusion
B: Loss of flow to the carotid artery
C: Loss of blood flow to the renal arteries
D: Loss of flow to the subclavian artery - ANSWER B: Loss of flow to the carotid artery
The transport team provider has arrived to transfer a patient with a confirmed hemorrhagic
stroke. During pupillary assessment the clinical provider notices bilateral eyelid retraction.
What is this assessment finding called?
A: Collier's Sign
B: Kernig's Sign
C: Cullen's
D: Kehr's Sign - ANSWER A: Collier's Sign
In evaluating fetal heart characteristics, which finding is most important in determining
neurological maturity?
,A: Transient accelerations and decelerations
B: Variability
C: Accelerations
D: Flat or decreased beat-to-beat variability - ANSWER B: Variability
Which of the following hemodynamic parameters would indicate left ventricular failure in a
patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
A: PAP 48/26, PCWP 20
B: PAP 25/21, PCWP 13
C: PAP 48/26, PCWP 12
D: PAP 22/12, PCWP 16 - ANSWER A: PAP 48/26, PCWP 20
Which of the following hemodynamic parameters would be most indicative of cardiogenic
shock?
A: Systolic blood pressure 140 mmHg, CI 3 L/min, PCWP 8 mmHg
B: Systolic blood pressure 80 mmHg, CI 1.8 L/min, PCWP 30 mmHg
C: Systolic blood pressure 90 mmHg, CI 2.2 L/min, PCWP 5 mmHg
D: Systolic blood pressure 120 mmHg, CI 4 L/min, PCWP 12 mmHg - ANSWER B: Systolic
blood pressure 80 mmHg, CI 1.8 L/min, PCWP 30 mmHg
The primary treatment in reversing malignant hyperthermia is what medication?
A: Dantrolene
B: Calcium chloride
C: Vecuronium
D: Fentanyl - ANSWER A: Dantrolene
,- ANSWER explain the image
A 40-year-old male patient with a history of a traumatic brain injury is being transported by
helicopter to a regional facility. During the flight, you review the medical records and note that
the patient presented to the emergency department that morning with low serum osmolality,
hyponatremia, and a high urine specific gravity. You suspect this patient may be suffering from:
A: Anaphylaxis
B: Diabetes insipidus (DI)
C: Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH)
D: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) - ANSWER C: Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic
hormone (SIADH)
A patient presents in thyroid storm from an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism. What are their
expected labs?
A: TSH elevated, T3 and T4 decreased
B: TSH elevated, T3 and T4 increased
C: TSH depressed, T3 and T4 decreased
D: TSH depressed, T3 and T4 increased - ANSWER D: TSH depressed, T3 and T4 increased
Regarding the diabetic ketoacidosis PT, Glucose should be decreased based on the following
guidlines?
A: Glucose decreased < 200mg/dL per hour
B: Glucose decrease < 100mg/dL per hour
C: Glucose decrease > 200mg/dL per hour
D: Glucose decrease > 100mg/dL per hour - ANSWER B: Glucose decrease < 100mg/dL
per hour
, You respond to a local ER to transport a 50 year old female. You receive lab values after leaving
the facility and note a Na: 160 alond with a inceares oslolality serum, urinary output, and a low
specific gravity. What is more than likely occuring?
A: Thyroid storm
B: Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
C: Sepsis shock
D: Sickle-Cell Crisis - ANSWER B: Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
A patient was recently started on enteral feedings at a long-term care facility. They are
transferred to the local emergency room due to a change in their level of consciousness.
Current lab values are: Na+ 150, BUN 80 mg/dL, serum glucose 870 mg/dL, and serum
osmolality 377 mOsm/kg. What is the most likely cause of the abnormal serum osmolality?
A: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
B: Overuse of diuretics
C: Overhydration
D: Dehydration - ANSWER
A patient with a history of seizure activity just before arrival is being transported. The patient
has been outside fishing in mid-July. Labs are as follows: CK 28,000, BUN 68, Cr 2.0, and urine is
very dark with urine output from a Foley catheter of 20 mL over the past 2 hours. The patient is
unresponsive with the following vital signs: BP 100/40, HR 140, RR 28, SpO2 94%. What is the
suspected diagnosis?
A: Tricyclic antidepressant overdose
B: Urosepsis
C: Rhabdomyolysis
D: Acute coronary syndrome - ANSWER
