2 2025 - DUE 3 November 2025; 100% correct solutions and
explanations.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Defining Key Philosophical Terms
2.1 Ontology
2.2 Epistemology
2.3 Axiology
2.4 Methodology and Methods
3. Major Philosophical Positions and Methodological Choices
3.1 Positivism and Post-positivism
3.2 Interpretivism and Constructivism
3.3 Critical and Transformative Paradigms
3.4 Pragmatism and Mixed-Methods Approaches
4. Linking Research Aims, Worldview, and Methodological
Choice
4.1 Example 1: Quantitative—Post-positivist Orientation
4.2 Example 2: Qualitative—Interpretivist Orientation
4.3 Example 3: Transformative/Mixed—Critical-Pragmatic
Orientation
5. Quality, Ethics, Reflexivity, and Limitations
5.1 Quality Criteria
5.2 Ethics and Axiology
5.3 Reflexivity
5.4 Limitations
6. The Interplay Between Theory, Methodology, and Context
7. Implications for Educational Research
8. Conclusion
9. References