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Table of Contents
Unit I: The Foundations of Child Health Assessment
1. Child Health Assessment: An Overview
2. Assessment of Child Development and Behavior
3. Communicating with Children and Families
4. Assessment of the Child's Family
5. Cultural Assessment of Children and Families
Unit II: The Pediatric History and Physical Examination
Gathering Subjective Data
6. Obtaining the Pediatric Health History
7. Assessing the Health and Safety of the Child's Environment
Gathering Objective Data
8. The Pediatric Physical Examination
9. The Health Supervision Visit: Wellness Examinations in Children
10.Assessment of Nutritional Status
11.Assessment of the Neonate
12.Assessment of the Integumentary System
13.Assessment of the Head, Neck, and Regional Lymphatics
14.Assessment of the Ears
15.Assessment of the Eyes
16.Assessment of the Face, Nose, and Oral Cavity
17.Assessment of the Thorax, Lungs, and Regional Lymphatics
18.Assessment of the Cardiovascular System
19.Assessment of the Abdomen and Regional Lymphatics
20.Assessment of the Reproductive and Genitourinary Systems
21.Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System
22.Assessment of the Neurologic System
Unit III: Assessment of Child Mental Health and Welfare
23.Assessment of Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents
24.Assessment of Child Abuse and Neglect
Unit IV: Synthesizing the Components of the Pediatric Health Assessment
25.The Complete Pediatric History and Physical Examination: From Start to
Finish
26.Diagnostic Reasoning and Formulating a Differential Diagnosis
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Chapter 1: Child Health Assessment: An Overview
Question 1:
A nurse is preparing to conduct a pediatric health assessment. Which of the
following should the nurse prioritize to establish a foundation for the assessment?
A) Gathering the child’s past medical history
B) Engaging the child in play to build rapport
C) Conducting a thorough review of the child’s immunization status
D) Assessing the child’s vital signs
✅Correct Answer: B) Engaging the child in play to build rapport
Rationale: Establishing rapport with the child is foundational to conducting a
successful pediatric health assessment. Using play helps the child feel comfortable
and reduces anxiety, making it easier to gather information. Although obtaining a
history and assessing immunization status are important, rapport is essential for
effective communication during the assessment.
DIF: Applying
TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment –
Management of Care
Question 2:
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Which approach is most important when assessing the child’s health in a culturally
competent manner?
A) Using age-appropriate language when explaining procedures
B) Inquiring about the family’s cultural health practices
C) Focusing on the child’s immediate physical complaints
D) Evaluating the child’s nutritional status without family involvement
✅Correct Answer: B) Inquiring about the family’s cultural health practices
Rationale: Culturally competent care involves recognizing and respecting cultural
differences. Understanding the family’s cultural beliefs and health practices
ensures that the care provided aligns with their values, enhancing cooperation and
trust. Age-appropriate language and nutritional assessments are important but
should be conducted with cultural sensitivity.
DIF: Analyzing
TOP: Cultural Competence
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity
Question 3:
A pediatric nurse practitioner is assessing a 4-year-old child. Which of the
following is the best method to assess the child's developmental milestones during
the health history interview?
A) Reviewing the child’s school records
B) Observing the child’s play and interactions with caregivers
C) Asking the child’s parent about the child’s sleep patterns
D) Using a developmental screening tool without parent input
✅Correct Answer: B) Observing the child’s play and interactions with
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Table of Contents
Unit I: The Foundations of Child Health Assessment
1. Child Health Assessment: An Overview
2. Assessment of Child Development and Behavior
3. Communicating with Children and Families
4. Assessment of the Child's Family
5. Cultural Assessment of Children and Families
Unit II: The Pediatric History and Physical Examination
Gathering Subjective Data
6. Obtaining the Pediatric Health History
7. Assessing the Health and Safety of the Child's Environment
Gathering Objective Data
8. The Pediatric Physical Examination
9. The Health Supervision Visit: Wellness Examinations in Children
10.Assessment of Nutritional Status
11.Assessment of the Neonate
12.Assessment of the Integumentary System
13.Assessment of the Head, Neck, and Regional Lymphatics
14.Assessment of the Ears
15.Assessment of the Eyes
16.Assessment of the Face, Nose, and Oral Cavity
17.Assessment of the Thorax, Lungs, and Regional Lymphatics
18.Assessment of the Cardiovascular System
19.Assessment of the Abdomen and Regional Lymphatics
20.Assessment of the Reproductive and Genitourinary Systems
21.Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System
22.Assessment of the Neurologic System
Unit III: Assessment of Child Mental Health and Welfare
23.Assessment of Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents
24.Assessment of Child Abuse and Neglect
Unit IV: Synthesizing the Components of the Pediatric Health Assessment
25.The Complete Pediatric History and Physical Examination: From Start to
Finish
26.Diagnostic Reasoning and Formulating a Differential Diagnosis
, 3
Chapter 1: Child Health Assessment: An Overview
Question 1:
A nurse is preparing to conduct a pediatric health assessment. Which of the
following should the nurse prioritize to establish a foundation for the assessment?
A) Gathering the child’s past medical history
B) Engaging the child in play to build rapport
C) Conducting a thorough review of the child’s immunization status
D) Assessing the child’s vital signs
✅Correct Answer: B) Engaging the child in play to build rapport
Rationale: Establishing rapport with the child is foundational to conducting a
successful pediatric health assessment. Using play helps the child feel comfortable
and reduces anxiety, making it easier to gather information. Although obtaining a
history and assessing immunization status are important, rapport is essential for
effective communication during the assessment.
DIF: Applying
TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment –
Management of Care
Question 2:
, 4
Which approach is most important when assessing the child’s health in a culturally
competent manner?
A) Using age-appropriate language when explaining procedures
B) Inquiring about the family’s cultural health practices
C) Focusing on the child’s immediate physical complaints
D) Evaluating the child’s nutritional status without family involvement
✅Correct Answer: B) Inquiring about the family’s cultural health practices
Rationale: Culturally competent care involves recognizing and respecting cultural
differences. Understanding the family’s cultural beliefs and health practices
ensures that the care provided aligns with their values, enhancing cooperation and
trust. Age-appropriate language and nutritional assessments are important but
should be conducted with cultural sensitivity.
DIF: Analyzing
TOP: Cultural Competence
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity
Question 3:
A pediatric nurse practitioner is assessing a 4-year-old child. Which of the
following is the best method to assess the child's developmental milestones during
the health history interview?
A) Reviewing the child’s school records
B) Observing the child’s play and interactions with caregivers
C) Asking the child’s parent about the child’s sleep patterns
D) Using a developmental screening tool without parent input
✅Correct Answer: B) Observing the child’s play and interactions with
