EVOLVE PHARMACOLOGY HESI FINAL EXAM | WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2025/2026 LATEST UPDATED | 100 %
RATED AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | GET AN A+
A client who has been taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for symptoms of urethritis and cystitis
comes to the clinic because her urine is reddish-orange. Which question should the practical
nurse ask to determine if the medication has been effective?
A) How much water have you been drinking each day?
B) Does the urine color stain your toilet bowl or undergarments?
C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
D) Did your urine appear cloudy or have a foul odor on voiding? - (ANSWER)C) Have you had
any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
Feedback:
Phenazopyridine, an over-the-counter urinary analgesic, acts on the mucosa of the urinary tract to
relieve urinary pain, burning, itching, or urgency (C) associated with urethritis and cystitis.
Although determining if the client is forcing fluids (A), experiencing staining from Pyridium's
side effect (B), or having signs of a urinary infection (D) are worthwhile assessments, the
therapeutic response of Pyridium is related to urinary discomforts only.
A male client who has been receiving an antineoplastic drug has developed thrombocytopenia.
What instructions should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce?
,A) Use suppository form of drugs.
B) Avoid large public gatherings.
C) Rise slowly when standing up.
D) Shave with an electric razor. - (ANSWER)D) Shave with an electric razor.
Feedback:
Thrombocytopenia is a common side effect of bone marrow depression caused by several
antineoplastic agents. The client is experiencing a low platelet count and should use an electric
razor (D) to reduce his risk of bleeding. (A, B, and C) are not indicated for a client who needs to
implement thrombocytopenia precautions.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been taking prednisone (Deltasone) daily
for a year. Which adverse effect should the PN document in the client's record?
A) Photosensitvity.
B) Weight gain.
C) Loss of hair.
D) Pale skin color. - (ANSWER)B) Weight gain.
Feedback:
Long term use of prednisone causes fluid retention and redistribution of fat deposition. Weight
gain (B) and moon face reflect adverse effects of long-term prednisone use and should be
documented. (A, C, and D) do not occur with treatment using prednisone.
,A female client with recurring headaches tells the practical nurse (PN) that she has been taking at
least 4 grams of acetaminophen a day. Which laboratory studies should the PN review for this
client?
A) Creatinine clearance.
B) Hepatic enzymes.
C) Coagulation values.
D) Arterial blood gases. - (ANSWER)B) Hepatic enzymes.
Feedback:
Liver toxicity can occur when doses of acetaminophen exceed 4 grams a day, resulting in an
elevation in hepatic enzyme values (B). (A, C, and D) do not reveal findings related to
acetaminophen toxicity.
A client receives a prescription for an oral opioid analgesic for post-operative pain. Which
adverse effect should the practical nurse (PN) monitor for with the client?
A) Constipation.
B) Photosensitivity.
C) Decreased heart rate.
D) Frequent urination. - (ANSWER)A) Constipation.
, Feedback:
Opioid analgesics slow peristalsis, which leads to constipation (A), a common side effect of
opiates. (B, C, and D) are not associated with opioid analgesics.
Which action should the practical nurse implement when administering a buccal medication?
A) Encourage the client to swallow.
B) Administer water with medication.
C) Ensure the medication is positioned under the tongue.
D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek. - (ANSWER)D) Place the
medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek.
Feedback:
Buccal medications are placed between the upper molar teeth and the cheek (D) for absorption
by the capillaries of the oral mucosa. The client should be cautioned against swallowing, not (A).
Buccal medications are not administered with water (B). (C) describes sublingual administration.
What assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior to initiating
medication therapy with phenelzine (Nardil) for a client with depression?
A) Activity level.
B) Mood and affect.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2025/2026 LATEST UPDATED | 100 %
RATED AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | GET AN A+
A client who has been taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for symptoms of urethritis and cystitis
comes to the clinic because her urine is reddish-orange. Which question should the practical
nurse ask to determine if the medication has been effective?
A) How much water have you been drinking each day?
B) Does the urine color stain your toilet bowl or undergarments?
C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
D) Did your urine appear cloudy or have a foul odor on voiding? - (ANSWER)C) Have you had
any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
Feedback:
Phenazopyridine, an over-the-counter urinary analgesic, acts on the mucosa of the urinary tract to
relieve urinary pain, burning, itching, or urgency (C) associated with urethritis and cystitis.
Although determining if the client is forcing fluids (A), experiencing staining from Pyridium's
side effect (B), or having signs of a urinary infection (D) are worthwhile assessments, the
therapeutic response of Pyridium is related to urinary discomforts only.
A male client who has been receiving an antineoplastic drug has developed thrombocytopenia.
What instructions should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce?
,A) Use suppository form of drugs.
B) Avoid large public gatherings.
C) Rise slowly when standing up.
D) Shave with an electric razor. - (ANSWER)D) Shave with an electric razor.
Feedback:
Thrombocytopenia is a common side effect of bone marrow depression caused by several
antineoplastic agents. The client is experiencing a low platelet count and should use an electric
razor (D) to reduce his risk of bleeding. (A, B, and C) are not indicated for a client who needs to
implement thrombocytopenia precautions.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been taking prednisone (Deltasone) daily
for a year. Which adverse effect should the PN document in the client's record?
A) Photosensitvity.
B) Weight gain.
C) Loss of hair.
D) Pale skin color. - (ANSWER)B) Weight gain.
Feedback:
Long term use of prednisone causes fluid retention and redistribution of fat deposition. Weight
gain (B) and moon face reflect adverse effects of long-term prednisone use and should be
documented. (A, C, and D) do not occur with treatment using prednisone.
,A female client with recurring headaches tells the practical nurse (PN) that she has been taking at
least 4 grams of acetaminophen a day. Which laboratory studies should the PN review for this
client?
A) Creatinine clearance.
B) Hepatic enzymes.
C) Coagulation values.
D) Arterial blood gases. - (ANSWER)B) Hepatic enzymes.
Feedback:
Liver toxicity can occur when doses of acetaminophen exceed 4 grams a day, resulting in an
elevation in hepatic enzyme values (B). (A, C, and D) do not reveal findings related to
acetaminophen toxicity.
A client receives a prescription for an oral opioid analgesic for post-operative pain. Which
adverse effect should the practical nurse (PN) monitor for with the client?
A) Constipation.
B) Photosensitivity.
C) Decreased heart rate.
D) Frequent urination. - (ANSWER)A) Constipation.
, Feedback:
Opioid analgesics slow peristalsis, which leads to constipation (A), a common side effect of
opiates. (B, C, and D) are not associated with opioid analgesics.
Which action should the practical nurse implement when administering a buccal medication?
A) Encourage the client to swallow.
B) Administer water with medication.
C) Ensure the medication is positioned under the tongue.
D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek. - (ANSWER)D) Place the
medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek.
Feedback:
Buccal medications are placed between the upper molar teeth and the cheek (D) for absorption
by the capillaries of the oral mucosa. The client should be cautioned against swallowing, not (A).
Buccal medications are not administered with water (B). (C) describes sublingual administration.
What assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior to initiating
medication therapy with phenelzine (Nardil) for a client with depression?
A) Activity level.
B) Mood and affect.
