TEST BANK
|
,Porth’s Pathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
| | | | | | |
MULTIPLE CHOICE |
1. At |an |international |nursing |conference, |many|discussions |and |breakout |sessions |focused
on |the |World |Health |Organization |(WHO) |views |on |health. |Of |the |following |comments
|
made |by |nurses |during |a |discussion |session, |which |statements |would |be |considered |a
|
good |representation |of |the |WHO |definition? |Select |all |that |apply.
|
A) Interests |in |keeping |the |elderly|population |engaged |in |such |activities |as |book
|reviews |and |word |games |during |social |time
B) Increase |in |the |number |of |chair |aerobics |classes |provided |in |the |skilled |care
|facilities
C) Interventions |geared |toward |keeping |the |elderly |population |diagnosed |with
|diabetes |mellitus |under |tight |blood |glucose |control |by |providing |in-home |cooking
|classes
D) Providing |transportation |for |renal |dialysis |patients |to |and |from |their |hemodialysis
|sessions
E) Providing |handwashing |teaching |sessions |to |a |group |of |young |children
|Ans: |A, |B, |C, |E
Feedback:
The |WHO |definition |of |health |is |defined |as |“a |state |of |complete |physical, |mental, |and
|social |well-being |and |not |merely |the |absence |of |disease |and |infirmity.” |Engaging |in |book
|reviews |facilitates |mental |and |social |well-being; |chair |aerobics |helps |facilitate |physical
|well-being; |and |assisting |with |tight |control |of |diabetes |helps |with |facilitating |physical
|well-being |even |though |the |person |has |a |chronic |disease. |Handwashing |is |vital |in |the
|prevention |of |disease |and |spread |of |germs.
2. A |community |health |nurse |is |teaching |a |group |of |recent |graduates |about |the |large
|variety |of |factors |that |influence |an |individual's |health |or |lack |thereof. |The |nurse |is
|referring |to |the |Healthy |People |2020 |report |from |the |U.S. |Department |of |Health |and
|Human |Services |as |a |teaching |example. |Of |the |following |aspects |discussed, |which
|would |be |considered |a |determinant |of |health |that |is |outside |the |focus |of |this |report?
A) The |client |has |a |diverse |background |by |being |of |Asian |and |Native |American
|descent |and |practices |various |alternative |therapies |to |minimize |effects |of |stress.
B) The |client |has |a |family |history |of |cardiovascular |disease |related |to
|hypercholesterolemia |and |remains |noncompliant |with |the |treatment |regime.
C) The |client |has |a |good |career |with |exceptional |preventative |health |care |benefits.
D) The |client |lives |in |an |affluent, |clean, |suburban |community|with |access |to |many
|health |care |facilities.
Ans: |B
Feedback:
In |Healthy |People |2020, |the |focus |is |to |promote |good |health |to |all |(such |as |using
|alternative |therapies |to |minimize |effects |of |stress); |achieving |health |equity |and
|promoting |health |for |all |(which |includes |having |good |health |care |benefits); |and
|promoting |good |health |(which |includes |living |in |a |clean |community |with |good |access |to
|health |care). |A |client's |noncompliance |with |treatments |to |control |high |cholesterol |levels
, within |the |presence |of |a |family |history |of |CV |disease |does |not |meet |the |“attaining |lives |free
|of |preventable |disease |and |premature |death” |determinant.
3. A |physician |is |providing |care |for |a |number |of |patients |on |a |medical |unit |of |a |large,
|university |hospital. |The |physician |is |discussing |with |a |colleague |the |differentiation
|between |diseases |that |are |caused |by |abnormal |molecules |and |diseases |that |cause |disease.
|Which |of |the |following |patients |most |clearly |demonstrates |the |consequences |of
|molecules |that |cause |disease?
A) A |31-year-old |woman |with |sickle |cell |anemia |who |is |receiving |a |transfusion |of
|packed |red |blood |cells
B) A |91-year-old |woman |who |has |experienced |an |ischemic |stroke |resulting |from
|familial |hypercholesterolemia
C) A |19-year-old |man |with |exacerbation |of |his |cystic |fibrosis |requiring |oxygen
|therapy |and |chest |physiotherapy
D) A |30-year-old |homeless |man |who |has |Pneumocystis |carinii |pneumonia |(PCP) |and |is
|HIV |positive.
Ans: |D
Feedback:
PCP |is |an |example |of |the |effect |of |a |molecule |that |directly |contributes |to |disease. |Sickle |cell
|anemia, |familial |hypercholesterolemia, |and |cystic |fibrosis |are |all |examples |of |the |effects
|of |abnormal |molecules.
4. A |member |of |the |health |care |team |is |researching |the |etiology |and |pathogenesis |of |a
|number |of |clients |who |are |under |his |care |in |a |hospital |context. |Which |of |the |following
|aspects |of |clients' |situations |bN
esUtR SaIraNctGerTizBe.
| ch s |pCaOt|hMo|gen|es|is |rather|than |etiology?
A) A |client |who |has |been |exposed |to |the |Mycobacterium |tuberculosis |bacterium
B) A |client |who |has |increasing |serum |ammonia |levels |due |to |liver |cirrhosis
C) A |client |who |was |admitted |with |the |effects |of |methyl | alcohol |poisoning
D) A |client |with |multiple |skeletal |injuries |secondary |to |a |motor |vehicle |accident
|Ans: |B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis |refers |to |the |progressive |and |evolutionary|course |of |disease, |such |as |the
|increasing |ammonia |levels |that |accompany |liver |disease. |Bacteria, |poisons, |and
|traumatic |injuries |are |examples |of |etiologic |factors.
5. A | new |myocardial |infarction |patient |requiring |angioplasty |and |stent |placement |has
|arrived |to |his |first |cardiac |rehabilitation |appointment. |In |this |first |session, |a |review |of |the
|pathogenesis |of |coronary |artery |disease |is |addressed. |Which |statement |by |the |patient
|verifies |to |the |nurse |that |he |has |understood |the |nurse's |teachings |about |coronary |artery
|disease?
A) “All |I|have |to |do |is |stop |smoking, |and |then |I |won't |have |any|more |heart |attacks.”
B) “My |artery|was |clogged |by |fat, |so |I|will |need |to |stop |eating |fatty|foods |like
|French |fries |every |day.”
C) “Sounds |like |this |began |because |of |inflammation |inside |my|artery|that |made |it
|easy |to |form |fatty |streaks, |which |lead |to |my |clogged |artery.”
D) “If |I |do |not |exercise |regularly |to |get |my |heart |rate |up, |blood |pools |in |the |veins
|causing |a |clot |that |stops |blood |flow |to |the |muscle, |and |I |will |have |a |heart |attack.”
Ans: |C
, Feedback:
The |true |etiology/cause |of |coronary |artery |disease |(CAD) |is |unknown; |however, |the
|pathogenesis |of |the |disorder |relates |to |the |progression |of |the |inflammatory |process |from |a
|fatty |streak |to |the |occlusive |vessel |lesion |seen |in |people |with |coronary |artery |disease.
|Risk |factors |for |CAD |revolve |around |cigarette |smoking, |diet |high |in |fat, |and |lack |of
|exercise.
6. A |77-year-old |man |is |a |hospital |inpatient |admitted |for |exacerbation |of |his |chronic
|obstructive |pulmonary |disease |(COPD), |and |a |respiratory |therapist |(RT) |is |assessing |the
NU
|client |for |the |first |time. |Which ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMects |of |the |patient's |current |state |of
|health |would |be |best |characterized |as |a |symptom |rather |than |a |sign?
A) The |patient's |oxygen |saturation |is |83% |by|pulse |oxymetry.
B) The |patient |notes |that |he |has |increased |work |of |breathing |when |lying |supine.
C) The |RT |hears |diminished |breath |sounds |to |the |patient's |lower |lung |fields
|bilaterally.
D) The |patient's |respiratory|rate |is |31 |breaths/minute.
|Ans: |B
Feedback:
Symptoms |are |subjective |complaints |by |the |person |experiencing |the |health |problem,
|such |as |complaints |of |breathing |difficulty. |Oxygen |levels, |listening |to |breath |sounds,
|and |respiratory |rate |are |all |objective, |observable |signs |of |disease.
7. Which | of |the |following |situations |would |be |classified |as |a |complication |of |a |disease
|oroutcome |from |the |treatment |regimen? |Select |all |that |apply.
A) Massive |pulmonary |emboli |following |diagnosis |of |new-onset |atrial |fibrillation
B) Burning, |intense |incision |pain |following |surgery |to |remove |a |portion |of |colon |due |to
|intestinal |aganglionosis
C) Development |of |pulmonary |fibrosis |following |treatment |with |bleomycin, |an
|antibiotic |chemotherapy |agent |used |in |treatment |of |lymphoma
D) Gradual |deterioration |in |ability|to |walk |unassisted |for |a |patient |diagnosed |with
|Parkinson |disease
E) Loss |of |short-term |memory|in |a |patient |diagnosed |with |Alzheimer |disease
|Ans: |A, |C
Feedback:
Development |of |pulmonary |emboli |and |pulmonary |fibrosis |following |chemotherapy |are
|both |examples |of |a |complication |(adverse |extensions |of |a |disease |or |outcome |from
|treatment). |It |is |normal |to |expect |incisional |pain |following |surgery. |As |Parkinson |disease
|progresses, |the |inability |to |walk |independently |is |expected. |This |is |a |normal |progression
|for |people |diagnosed |with |Parkinson's. |Loss |of |short-term |memory |in |a |patient |diagnosed
|with |Alzheimer |disease |is |an |expected |finding.
8. Laboratory |testing |is |ordered |for |a |male |patient |during |a |clinic |visit |for |a |routine
|follow-up |assessment |of |hypertension. |When |interpreting |lab |values, |the |nurse |knows
|that
A) a|normal|value|r epresenNtsUtRheStIesNt |Gr|eTs|uBl .t|s Ct hOa Mt | fal|within|the|bel|curve.
B) if |the |lab |result |is |above |the |50% |distribution, |the |result |is |considered |elevated.
C) all |lab |values |are |adjusted |for |gender |and |weight.
D) if |the |result |of |a |very|sensitive |test |is |negative, |that |does |not |mean |the |person |is
|
,Porth’s Pathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
| | | | | | |
MULTIPLE CHOICE |
1. At |an |international |nursing |conference, |many|discussions |and |breakout |sessions |focused
on |the |World |Health |Organization |(WHO) |views |on |health. |Of |the |following |comments
|
made |by |nurses |during |a |discussion |session, |which |statements |would |be |considered |a
|
good |representation |of |the |WHO |definition? |Select |all |that |apply.
|
A) Interests |in |keeping |the |elderly|population |engaged |in |such |activities |as |book
|reviews |and |word |games |during |social |time
B) Increase |in |the |number |of |chair |aerobics |classes |provided |in |the |skilled |care
|facilities
C) Interventions |geared |toward |keeping |the |elderly |population |diagnosed |with
|diabetes |mellitus |under |tight |blood |glucose |control |by |providing |in-home |cooking
|classes
D) Providing |transportation |for |renal |dialysis |patients |to |and |from |their |hemodialysis
|sessions
E) Providing |handwashing |teaching |sessions |to |a |group |of |young |children
|Ans: |A, |B, |C, |E
Feedback:
The |WHO |definition |of |health |is |defined |as |“a |state |of |complete |physical, |mental, |and
|social |well-being |and |not |merely |the |absence |of |disease |and |infirmity.” |Engaging |in |book
|reviews |facilitates |mental |and |social |well-being; |chair |aerobics |helps |facilitate |physical
|well-being; |and |assisting |with |tight |control |of |diabetes |helps |with |facilitating |physical
|well-being |even |though |the |person |has |a |chronic |disease. |Handwashing |is |vital |in |the
|prevention |of |disease |and |spread |of |germs.
2. A |community |health |nurse |is |teaching |a |group |of |recent |graduates |about |the |large
|variety |of |factors |that |influence |an |individual's |health |or |lack |thereof. |The |nurse |is
|referring |to |the |Healthy |People |2020 |report |from |the |U.S. |Department |of |Health |and
|Human |Services |as |a |teaching |example. |Of |the |following |aspects |discussed, |which
|would |be |considered |a |determinant |of |health |that |is |outside |the |focus |of |this |report?
A) The |client |has |a |diverse |background |by |being |of |Asian |and |Native |American
|descent |and |practices |various |alternative |therapies |to |minimize |effects |of |stress.
B) The |client |has |a |family |history |of |cardiovascular |disease |related |to
|hypercholesterolemia |and |remains |noncompliant |with |the |treatment |regime.
C) The |client |has |a |good |career |with |exceptional |preventative |health |care |benefits.
D) The |client |lives |in |an |affluent, |clean, |suburban |community|with |access |to |many
|health |care |facilities.
Ans: |B
Feedback:
In |Healthy |People |2020, |the |focus |is |to |promote |good |health |to |all |(such |as |using
|alternative |therapies |to |minimize |effects |of |stress); |achieving |health |equity |and
|promoting |health |for |all |(which |includes |having |good |health |care |benefits); |and
|promoting |good |health |(which |includes |living |in |a |clean |community |with |good |access |to
|health |care). |A |client's |noncompliance |with |treatments |to |control |high |cholesterol |levels
, within |the |presence |of |a |family |history |of |CV |disease |does |not |meet |the |“attaining |lives |free
|of |preventable |disease |and |premature |death” |determinant.
3. A |physician |is |providing |care |for |a |number |of |patients |on |a |medical |unit |of |a |large,
|university |hospital. |The |physician |is |discussing |with |a |colleague |the |differentiation
|between |diseases |that |are |caused |by |abnormal |molecules |and |diseases |that |cause |disease.
|Which |of |the |following |patients |most |clearly |demonstrates |the |consequences |of
|molecules |that |cause |disease?
A) A |31-year-old |woman |with |sickle |cell |anemia |who |is |receiving |a |transfusion |of
|packed |red |blood |cells
B) A |91-year-old |woman |who |has |experienced |an |ischemic |stroke |resulting |from
|familial |hypercholesterolemia
C) A |19-year-old |man |with |exacerbation |of |his |cystic |fibrosis |requiring |oxygen
|therapy |and |chest |physiotherapy
D) A |30-year-old |homeless |man |who |has |Pneumocystis |carinii |pneumonia |(PCP) |and |is
|HIV |positive.
Ans: |D
Feedback:
PCP |is |an |example |of |the |effect |of |a |molecule |that |directly |contributes |to |disease. |Sickle |cell
|anemia, |familial |hypercholesterolemia, |and |cystic |fibrosis |are |all |examples |of |the |effects
|of |abnormal |molecules.
4. A |member |of |the |health |care |team |is |researching |the |etiology |and |pathogenesis |of |a
|number |of |clients |who |are |under |his |care |in |a |hospital |context. |Which |of |the |following
|aspects |of |clients' |situations |bN
esUtR SaIraNctGerTizBe.
| ch s |pCaOt|hMo|gen|es|is |rather|than |etiology?
A) A |client |who |has |been |exposed |to |the |Mycobacterium |tuberculosis |bacterium
B) A |client |who |has |increasing |serum |ammonia |levels |due |to |liver |cirrhosis
C) A |client |who |was |admitted |with |the |effects |of |methyl | alcohol |poisoning
D) A |client |with |multiple |skeletal |injuries |secondary |to |a |motor |vehicle |accident
|Ans: |B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis |refers |to |the |progressive |and |evolutionary|course |of |disease, |such |as |the
|increasing |ammonia |levels |that |accompany |liver |disease. |Bacteria, |poisons, |and
|traumatic |injuries |are |examples |of |etiologic |factors.
5. A | new |myocardial |infarction |patient |requiring |angioplasty |and |stent |placement |has
|arrived |to |his |first |cardiac |rehabilitation |appointment. |In |this |first |session, |a |review |of |the
|pathogenesis |of |coronary |artery |disease |is |addressed. |Which |statement |by |the |patient
|verifies |to |the |nurse |that |he |has |understood |the |nurse's |teachings |about |coronary |artery
|disease?
A) “All |I|have |to |do |is |stop |smoking, |and |then |I |won't |have |any|more |heart |attacks.”
B) “My |artery|was |clogged |by |fat, |so |I|will |need |to |stop |eating |fatty|foods |like
|French |fries |every |day.”
C) “Sounds |like |this |began |because |of |inflammation |inside |my|artery|that |made |it
|easy |to |form |fatty |streaks, |which |lead |to |my |clogged |artery.”
D) “If |I |do |not |exercise |regularly |to |get |my |heart |rate |up, |blood |pools |in |the |veins
|causing |a |clot |that |stops |blood |flow |to |the |muscle, |and |I |will |have |a |heart |attack.”
Ans: |C
, Feedback:
The |true |etiology/cause |of |coronary |artery |disease |(CAD) |is |unknown; |however, |the
|pathogenesis |of |the |disorder |relates |to |the |progression |of |the |inflammatory |process |from |a
|fatty |streak |to |the |occlusive |vessel |lesion |seen |in |people |with |coronary |artery |disease.
|Risk |factors |for |CAD |revolve |around |cigarette |smoking, |diet |high |in |fat, |and |lack |of
|exercise.
6. A |77-year-old |man |is |a |hospital |inpatient |admitted |for |exacerbation |of |his |chronic
|obstructive |pulmonary |disease |(COPD), |and |a |respiratory |therapist |(RT) |is |assessing |the
NU
|client |for |the |first |time. |Which ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMects |of |the |patient's |current |state |of
|health |would |be |best |characterized |as |a |symptom |rather |than |a |sign?
A) The |patient's |oxygen |saturation |is |83% |by|pulse |oxymetry.
B) The |patient |notes |that |he |has |increased |work |of |breathing |when |lying |supine.
C) The |RT |hears |diminished |breath |sounds |to |the |patient's |lower |lung |fields
|bilaterally.
D) The |patient's |respiratory|rate |is |31 |breaths/minute.
|Ans: |B
Feedback:
Symptoms |are |subjective |complaints |by |the |person |experiencing |the |health |problem,
|such |as |complaints |of |breathing |difficulty. |Oxygen |levels, |listening |to |breath |sounds,
|and |respiratory |rate |are |all |objective, |observable |signs |of |disease.
7. Which | of |the |following |situations |would |be |classified |as |a |complication |of |a |disease
|oroutcome |from |the |treatment |regimen? |Select |all |that |apply.
A) Massive |pulmonary |emboli |following |diagnosis |of |new-onset |atrial |fibrillation
B) Burning, |intense |incision |pain |following |surgery |to |remove |a |portion |of |colon |due |to
|intestinal |aganglionosis
C) Development |of |pulmonary |fibrosis |following |treatment |with |bleomycin, |an
|antibiotic |chemotherapy |agent |used |in |treatment |of |lymphoma
D) Gradual |deterioration |in |ability|to |walk |unassisted |for |a |patient |diagnosed |with
|Parkinson |disease
E) Loss |of |short-term |memory|in |a |patient |diagnosed |with |Alzheimer |disease
|Ans: |A, |C
Feedback:
Development |of |pulmonary |emboli |and |pulmonary |fibrosis |following |chemotherapy |are
|both |examples |of |a |complication |(adverse |extensions |of |a |disease |or |outcome |from
|treatment). |It |is |normal |to |expect |incisional |pain |following |surgery. |As |Parkinson |disease
|progresses, |the |inability |to |walk |independently |is |expected. |This |is |a |normal |progression
|for |people |diagnosed |with |Parkinson's. |Loss |of |short-term |memory |in |a |patient |diagnosed
|with |Alzheimer |disease |is |an |expected |finding.
8. Laboratory |testing |is |ordered |for |a |male |patient |during |a |clinic |visit |for |a |routine
|follow-up |assessment |of |hypertension. |When |interpreting |lab |values, |the |nurse |knows
|that
A) a|normal|value|r epresenNtsUtRheStIesNt |Gr|eTs|uBl .t|s Ct hOa Mt | fal|within|the|bel|curve.
B) if |the |lab |result |is |above |the |50% |distribution, |the |result |is |considered |elevated.
C) all |lab |values |are |adjusted |for |gender |and |weight.
D) if |the |result |of |a |very|sensitive |test |is |negative, |that |does |not |mean |the |person |is
