BIO 141 EXAM 5 - CHAPTER 15
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to
homeostasis. True or False? - Correct Answers -FALSE (Somatic resources are
voluntary and part of the PNS while autonomic reflexes are involuntary and part of the
ANS)
The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system
and ganglia in the periphery. True or False? - Correct Answers -FALSE (ANS is
composed of ganglia in the sympathetic + parasympathetic nervous systems, not the
central and periphery nervous systems)
Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron. True or False? - Correct
Answers -FALSE (Most involve many neurons)
The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the __________.
a. adrenal gland
b. smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta
c. cardiac muscle in the right atrium
d. skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis
e. parotid salivary gland - Correct Answers -skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis
(skeletal muscle is the only answer choice that is controlled by involuntary movement
instead of voluntary movement)
Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
__________.
a. changing the diameter of the pupil
b. adjusting heart rate and force
c. altering salivary mucus secretion
d. regulating gastrointestinal motility
e. maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck - Correct Answers -maintaining tonicity
of the muscles of the neck (muscles of the neck are skeletal muscles and are therefore
voluntarily controlled and not related to the autonomic nervous system)
, Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex? - Correct
Answers -Sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber
→ gland (a comes before e, and inter is in the middle between them)
The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _________. The effect of somatic fibers
on target cells is __________. - Correct Answers -excitatory or inhibitory; always
excitatory (somatic fibers are always cholinergic, meaning they always release
acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter, which always has an excitatory effect, while
autonomic fibers can release acetylcholine or norepinephrine, which has an inhibitory
effect )
In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called __________ in the walls of
arteries carrying blood to the head, will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to
__________ its beats per minute.
a. baroreceptors; decrease
b. proprioceptors; decrease
c. baroreceptors; increase
d. proprioceptors; increase
e. chemoreceptors; increase - Correct Answers -baroreceptors; decrease
(proprioceptors + chemoreceptors are not stretch receptors and the heart has to
decrease its beats per min in order to decrease its blood pressure)
The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __________
neurons.
a. no
b. one
c. two
d. three
e. four - Correct Answers -Two (both afferent and efferent neurons)
Preganglionic fibers run from the _________ to the __________.
a. posterior root ganglia; gray matter
b. posterior root ganglia; autonomic ganglia
c. gray matter; posterior root ganglia
d. gray matter; autonomic gangliaCorrect
e. autonomic ganglia; visceral effectors - Correct Answers -gray matter; autonomic
ganglia
Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are _________ and secrete
__________.
a. myelinated; norepinephrine (NE)
b. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
c. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine(NE)
d. unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to
homeostasis. True or False? - Correct Answers -FALSE (Somatic resources are
voluntary and part of the PNS while autonomic reflexes are involuntary and part of the
ANS)
The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system
and ganglia in the periphery. True or False? - Correct Answers -FALSE (ANS is
composed of ganglia in the sympathetic + parasympathetic nervous systems, not the
central and periphery nervous systems)
Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron. True or False? - Correct
Answers -FALSE (Most involve many neurons)
The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the __________.
a. adrenal gland
b. smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta
c. cardiac muscle in the right atrium
d. skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis
e. parotid salivary gland - Correct Answers -skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis
(skeletal muscle is the only answer choice that is controlled by involuntary movement
instead of voluntary movement)
Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
__________.
a. changing the diameter of the pupil
b. adjusting heart rate and force
c. altering salivary mucus secretion
d. regulating gastrointestinal motility
e. maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck - Correct Answers -maintaining tonicity
of the muscles of the neck (muscles of the neck are skeletal muscles and are therefore
voluntarily controlled and not related to the autonomic nervous system)
, Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex? - Correct
Answers -Sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber
→ gland (a comes before e, and inter is in the middle between them)
The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _________. The effect of somatic fibers
on target cells is __________. - Correct Answers -excitatory or inhibitory; always
excitatory (somatic fibers are always cholinergic, meaning they always release
acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter, which always has an excitatory effect, while
autonomic fibers can release acetylcholine or norepinephrine, which has an inhibitory
effect )
In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called __________ in the walls of
arteries carrying blood to the head, will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to
__________ its beats per minute.
a. baroreceptors; decrease
b. proprioceptors; decrease
c. baroreceptors; increase
d. proprioceptors; increase
e. chemoreceptors; increase - Correct Answers -baroreceptors; decrease
(proprioceptors + chemoreceptors are not stretch receptors and the heart has to
decrease its beats per min in order to decrease its blood pressure)
The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __________
neurons.
a. no
b. one
c. two
d. three
e. four - Correct Answers -Two (both afferent and efferent neurons)
Preganglionic fibers run from the _________ to the __________.
a. posterior root ganglia; gray matter
b. posterior root ganglia; autonomic ganglia
c. gray matter; posterior root ganglia
d. gray matter; autonomic gangliaCorrect
e. autonomic ganglia; visceral effectors - Correct Answers -gray matter; autonomic
ganglia
Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are _________ and secrete
__________.
a. myelinated; norepinephrine (NE)
b. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
c. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine(NE)
d. unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
