Chapter 28: Drug Therapy for Insomnia
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Pharm II Exam I - Broad Special Populations EXAM 1 Hard te
138 terms 44 terms 40 terms 28 terms
Smakenzie25 Preview chamulak Preview jleininger333 Preview sna
A class of drugs formed from barbituritic acid that induce a general depression over
barbiturates
all NS functions and induce sedation
A class of non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics that interact with the same
benzodiazepine receptor agonists receptor that benzodiazepine drugs do, turning on the receptors to induce sleep.
They are the first-line sleep aids and are less likely to be addictive.
A class of drugs that depresses the CNS by binding to gamma aminobutyric acid
(GAMA) receptors, resulting in hypnotic and sedating effects. They are used mainly
benzodiazepines
to control symptoms of anxiety or stress, but can be used for short-term (2-4 weeks)
treatment of insomnia
Drugs that promote sleep by targeting signals in the brain to produce calm and ease
sedatives agitation. Includes benzodiazepine receptor agonists, benzodiazepines,
antihistamines, sedating antidepressants, and skeletal muscle relaxants
benzodiazepine receptor agonists (generic Drugs in this class include eszoplicone (Lunesta), zolpidem (Ambien), zaleplon
names)
benzodiazepines used for insomnia Drugs in this class include flurazepam, quazepam, triazolam, estazolam, temazepam
(generic names)
barbiturates (generic names) Drugs in this class include pentobarbital and secobarbital
miscellaneous sedative hypnotic drugs A drug in this category is chloral hydrate
These drugs can have side effects of amnesia, daytime drowsiness, dizziness, and a
benzodiazepine receptor agonist side
feeling of "being drugged," somnambulism (sleep walking). Pt's taking this drug may
effects
even sleep eat and sleep drive
this benzodiazepine receptor agonist can have side effects of hallucinations,
zaleplon specific side effects impaired memory, impaired psychomotor functions for a brief time after the drug
dose
side effects of these drugs include confusion, daytime drowsiness, decreased ability
benzodiazepines side effects to concentrate, dizziness, headache and lethargy, blurred vision, constipation,
diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
What is the reversal agent for overdose of The reversal agent for these drugs is flumazenil. However, flumazenil can lower the
a benzodiazepine? seizure threshold and does not reverse depressed respiratory function.
, ANS: C Which drug for insomnia can cause amnesia?
Temazepam is a benzodiazepine receptor
antagonist that works by causing a general a. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
depression of the central nervous system, b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
including the areas that process new or c. Temazepam (Restoril)
immediate information. As a result, the d. Trazodone (Desyrel)
patient may have amnesia for events that
occur while he or she is under the influence
of this drug.
ANS: C Which problems are the two most common side effects of drugs for insomnia?
The drugs for insomnia are sedating and do
not cause insomnia. They do not interfere a. Increased bleeding and reduced sense of taste
with blood clotting or the sense of taste. b. Inability to fall asleep and stay asleep
The most common side effects for drugs c. Dry mouth and drowsiness
that induce sleep are dry mouth and d. Hiccoughs and diarrhea
drowsiness. Although hiccoughs and
diarrhea may occur, these are rare.
ANS: D In which drug category for insomnia does zaleplon (Sonata) belong?
Zaleplon induces sleep by binding to
benzodiazepine receptors and enhancing a. Antihistamines
(stimulating) the inhibitory neurotransmitter b. Benzodiazepines
GABA (gamma amino butyric acid). c. Sedating antidepressants
Therefore this drug belongs to the d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
benzodiazepine receptor agonist class.
ANS: B Which drug can increase the risk for seizures in a patient who has epilepsy?
Pentobarbital and secobarbital are
barbiturates that can raise the seizure a. Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
threshold and prevent seizures. Triazolam is b. Romazicon (Flumazenil)
a benzodiazepine that can reduce seizures. c. Secobarbital (Seconal)
Romazicon is a reversal agent for a d. Triazolam (Halcion)
benzodiazepine overdose and can lower
the seizure threshold in an individual who
has epilepsy.
ANS: D Which class of drugs used to treat insomnia has the lowest likelihood to be habit
Although all drugs used to treat insomnia forming or addictive?
have the potential to be abused, addictive,
or habit-forming, the class with the lowest a. Barbiturates
likelihood for these problems is the b. Benzodiazepines
benzodiazepine receptor agonists. This is c. Sedating antidepressants
the main reason why they are the first-line d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
drugs to treat insomnia.
ANS: C What is the most important precaution to teach a patient who is prescribed a drug
All drugs for insomnia produce drowsiness, for insomnia?
blurred vision, and can impair judgment.
Driving or operating dangerous equipment a. "Avoid drinking fluids with caffeine before bedtime."
within 6 to 8 hours after taking any of these b. "Rinse your mouth frequently with water or saline."
drugs can result in accident or injury. Tasks c. "Avoid driving within 8 hours of taking this drug."
that require mental alertness also should d. "Do not take this drug for more than 1 week."
be delayed until these effects have
subsided.
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides Practice tests
Pharm II Exam I - Broad Special Populations EXAM 1 Hard te
138 terms 44 terms 40 terms 28 terms
Smakenzie25 Preview chamulak Preview jleininger333 Preview sna
A class of drugs formed from barbituritic acid that induce a general depression over
barbiturates
all NS functions and induce sedation
A class of non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics that interact with the same
benzodiazepine receptor agonists receptor that benzodiazepine drugs do, turning on the receptors to induce sleep.
They are the first-line sleep aids and are less likely to be addictive.
A class of drugs that depresses the CNS by binding to gamma aminobutyric acid
(GAMA) receptors, resulting in hypnotic and sedating effects. They are used mainly
benzodiazepines
to control symptoms of anxiety or stress, but can be used for short-term (2-4 weeks)
treatment of insomnia
Drugs that promote sleep by targeting signals in the brain to produce calm and ease
sedatives agitation. Includes benzodiazepine receptor agonists, benzodiazepines,
antihistamines, sedating antidepressants, and skeletal muscle relaxants
benzodiazepine receptor agonists (generic Drugs in this class include eszoplicone (Lunesta), zolpidem (Ambien), zaleplon
names)
benzodiazepines used for insomnia Drugs in this class include flurazepam, quazepam, triazolam, estazolam, temazepam
(generic names)
barbiturates (generic names) Drugs in this class include pentobarbital and secobarbital
miscellaneous sedative hypnotic drugs A drug in this category is chloral hydrate
These drugs can have side effects of amnesia, daytime drowsiness, dizziness, and a
benzodiazepine receptor agonist side
feeling of "being drugged," somnambulism (sleep walking). Pt's taking this drug may
effects
even sleep eat and sleep drive
this benzodiazepine receptor agonist can have side effects of hallucinations,
zaleplon specific side effects impaired memory, impaired psychomotor functions for a brief time after the drug
dose
side effects of these drugs include confusion, daytime drowsiness, decreased ability
benzodiazepines side effects to concentrate, dizziness, headache and lethargy, blurred vision, constipation,
diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
What is the reversal agent for overdose of The reversal agent for these drugs is flumazenil. However, flumazenil can lower the
a benzodiazepine? seizure threshold and does not reverse depressed respiratory function.
, ANS: C Which drug for insomnia can cause amnesia?
Temazepam is a benzodiazepine receptor
antagonist that works by causing a general a. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
depression of the central nervous system, b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
including the areas that process new or c. Temazepam (Restoril)
immediate information. As a result, the d. Trazodone (Desyrel)
patient may have amnesia for events that
occur while he or she is under the influence
of this drug.
ANS: C Which problems are the two most common side effects of drugs for insomnia?
The drugs for insomnia are sedating and do
not cause insomnia. They do not interfere a. Increased bleeding and reduced sense of taste
with blood clotting or the sense of taste. b. Inability to fall asleep and stay asleep
The most common side effects for drugs c. Dry mouth and drowsiness
that induce sleep are dry mouth and d. Hiccoughs and diarrhea
drowsiness. Although hiccoughs and
diarrhea may occur, these are rare.
ANS: D In which drug category for insomnia does zaleplon (Sonata) belong?
Zaleplon induces sleep by binding to
benzodiazepine receptors and enhancing a. Antihistamines
(stimulating) the inhibitory neurotransmitter b. Benzodiazepines
GABA (gamma amino butyric acid). c. Sedating antidepressants
Therefore this drug belongs to the d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
benzodiazepine receptor agonist class.
ANS: B Which drug can increase the risk for seizures in a patient who has epilepsy?
Pentobarbital and secobarbital are
barbiturates that can raise the seizure a. Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
threshold and prevent seizures. Triazolam is b. Romazicon (Flumazenil)
a benzodiazepine that can reduce seizures. c. Secobarbital (Seconal)
Romazicon is a reversal agent for a d. Triazolam (Halcion)
benzodiazepine overdose and can lower
the seizure threshold in an individual who
has epilepsy.
ANS: D Which class of drugs used to treat insomnia has the lowest likelihood to be habit
Although all drugs used to treat insomnia forming or addictive?
have the potential to be abused, addictive,
or habit-forming, the class with the lowest a. Barbiturates
likelihood for these problems is the b. Benzodiazepines
benzodiazepine receptor agonists. This is c. Sedating antidepressants
the main reason why they are the first-line d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
drugs to treat insomnia.
ANS: C What is the most important precaution to teach a patient who is prescribed a drug
All drugs for insomnia produce drowsiness, for insomnia?
blurred vision, and can impair judgment.
Driving or operating dangerous equipment a. "Avoid drinking fluids with caffeine before bedtime."
within 6 to 8 hours after taking any of these b. "Rinse your mouth frequently with water or saline."
drugs can result in accident or injury. Tasks c. "Avoid driving within 8 hours of taking this drug."
that require mental alertness also should d. "Do not take this drug for more than 1 week."
be delayed until these effects have
subsided.
