Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition verified Questions and Answers.

Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition verified Questions and Answers. Acute therapy - ANSWERSInvolves intensive drug treatment and is implemented in the acutely ill (those with rapid onset of illness) or even the critically ill to sustain life or treat disease. maintenance therapy - ANSWERSDoes not eradicate pre-existing problems the patient may have, but will prevent progression of a disease or condition. supplemental therapy - ANSWERSsupplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal function palliative therapy - ANSWERSmake the patient as comfortable as possible; focuses on providing relief from symptoms, pain, & stress of a serious illness; goal is to improve quality of life for both the patient & family; used in end stages of illness when attempts at curative therapy have failed; can be provided along with curative treatment supportive therapy - ANSWERSmaintains the integrity of body functions while the patient is recovering from illness or trauma adverse drug reaction - ANSWERSany unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive response to a medication given at therapeutic dosages (as opposed to overdose) Adverse drug event - ANSWERSany undesirable occurrence related to administering meds Nursing Process – ANSWERS Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation Outcomes – ANSWERS Descriptions of specific patient behaviors or responses that demonstrate meeting of or achievement of behaviors related to each nursing diagnosis. These statements are specific while framed in behavioral terms and are measurable. Prescriber – ANSWERS Any health care professional licensed by the appropriate regulatory board to prescribe medications. QSEN – ANSWERS Quality and Safety Education for Nurses KSA – ANSWERS knowledge, skills, attitudes needed to to continually improve the quality and safety of a patient within a healthcare system 6 major initiatives of QSEN - ANSWERSPatient-centered care Teamwork and collaboration Evidence-based practice (EBP) Quality improvement (QI) Safety Informatics Nine Rights of Medication Administration - ANSWERS1) Right drug 2) Right dose 3) Right time 4) Right route/form 5) Right patient 6) Right documentation 7) Right reason 8) Right response 9) Right of patient to refuse Right drug - ANSWERSMust be checked against the medication label or profile 3x b4 giving Right Dose - ANSWERSalways check the dose and confirm that is appropriate for patient's age and size check prescribed dose against available drug stock and against normal drug range recheck all math calculations REMEMBER NO LEADING ZERO's - ANSWERS0.2 is allowed, but NEVER 2.0 Right Time - ANSWERSInclude in your 3 check the frequency of the ordered medication, the time administered and the last time the med was given. ***For routine med orders the standard of care is within the half hour it was prescribed. PNR - ANSWERSas needed analgesic - ANSWERSpain reliever Never use abbreviations - ANSWERSIt is crucial to patient safety to never use any abbreviations for any component of the drug order Right Route and Form - ANSWERSNever assume the route of admission Right Patient - ANSWERSrequires confirmation of a patient's identity with two forms of identification before drug administration Right Documentation - ANSWERSrequires the nurse to record immediately the appropriate information about the drug administered ** DOCUMENT ONLY AFTER med was given Right Reason - ANSWERSIs it appropriate to give the med Right response - ANSWERSrefers to the drug and it's desired response continually assess and evaluate the achievement of the desired response as well as any undesired response right to refuse - ANSWERSclients have right but need to clarify reason and notify prescriber When can you NEVER return a med - ANSWERSWhen it has been unwrapped, or opened. Medication errors - ANSWERSany preventable event or activity that can cause inappropriate medication use or patient harm Case study on Page 7 1) What questions does the nurse need to ask during the assessment phase - ANSWERSUse of home or folk remedies Intake of caffeine Use of over-the-counter medications Past and present health history, in addition to her anemia Pertinent family history Cultural differences/issues Responses to medications taken in the past Case Study on Page 7 What nursing diagnosis is appropriate at the time? - ANSWERSDeficient knowledge about therapy with iron supplements Self-health management, readiness for enhanced Case study on page 7 3) What is missing, what should be done? - ANSWERSThink about the "Nine Rights"! Assuming the prescription has her name on it (right patient), and the licensed prescriber's signature (right documentation), the prescription has the drug name (right drug), 325 mg (right dose), PO (right route), and right reason (for anemia), but something is missing! The right TIME. How often does this medication need to be taken? Should it be taken with meals or on an empty stomach? The pharmacist will need to contact the licensed prescriber to clarify the prescription. The frequency of the medication will certainly affect the dosage she ultimately receives each day. Case study page 7 How should the nurse Handle this? - ANSWERSDollie has the right to refuse to take the medication. However, the nurse needs to identify Dollie's reasons for refusing the medication. If the "cause" of refusal is known, then the nursing care plan may be revised and further actions implemented, such as education about the purpose of the drug and how to manage side effects, as well as other concerns raised by the patient. In addition, the licensed prescriber should be notified of Dollie's concerns, and the data should be documented, including information about the nurse's response to Dollie's concerns. Overview of the Nursing Process - ANSWERS• The nursing process is an ongoing, constantly changing, and evolving organizational framework for the practice of nursing, encompassing all steps taken by the nurse in caring for a patient. • The phases of the nursing process include assessment; development of nursing diagnoses; planning, with establishment of goals and outcome criteria; implementation, including patient education; and evaluation. • Safe, therapeutic, and effective medication administration is a major responsibility of professional nurses as they apply the nursing process to the care of their patients. • Critical thinking is a major part of the nu