MLT ASCP Chemistry Practice
Questions
A 56 12 months antique female became taken to the emergency room in a coma by means of
her corporation's nurse. She had misplaced 35 pounds in 3 months; she was continually thirsty;
consuming a whole lot of water and walking to the rest room. The following are her laboratory
results:
Results: (suggests reference range)
pH: 7.Eleven (7.35-7.45)
pCO2: 21 mm Hg (35-45 mm Hg)
Glucose: 950 mg/dL (60-110 mg/dL)
Serum osmolality: 365 mOsm/Kg (275-295 mOsm/Kg)
Urine ketone: strongly nice (negative)
Urine glucose: strongly fine (negative)
What is the MOST possibly reason of this patient's signs and symptoms?
Choose the unmarried exceptional solution
A. Gestational diabetes
B. Diabetes insipidus
C. Insulin structured diabetes mellitus
D. Type II diabetes mellitus - ANS-A;
Insulin established diabetes mellitus is associated with a loss of insulin, which leads to elevated
blood and urine glucose. The classical signs and symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination),
polydipsia (improved thirst), polyphagia (extended starvation), and weight loss. Since this
affected person had now not been diagnosed and appears to be poorly controlled, she
advanced hyperosmotic non-ketotic coma (HONK) which lead to her acidosis and accelerated
osmolality. The ketones and glucose inside the urine imply that the frame isn't always capable of
use the glucose gift, on account that there's a loss of insulin, and that the frame is the use of
fats for its source of electricity as a substitute.
Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnant girls and would now not purpose the laboratory results
proven right here. In addition, gestational diabetes in view that it'd be not possible that a fifty
six-year-old could be pregnant.
Diabetes insipidus is a situation wherein the frame is not able to reabsorb water within the
kidneys. This sort of diabetes is related to an extended thirst and cravings for ice, together with
,very excessive volumes of diluted urine. However, diabetes insipidus may be ruled out because
of the presence of glucose within the urine. Diabetes insipidus sufferers typically do now not
exhibit effective urine glucose effects. Those stricken by kind II diabetes mellitus do not
generally show ketosis.
Type II diabetes mellitus is commonly not associated with ketonuria or ketoacidosis. Therefore,
the pleasant desire in this situation is insulin established diabetes mellitus.
A drug this is administered thru which of the subsequent routes will attain peak stage the
fastest?
Choose the unmarried excellent answer
A. Oral
B. Intravenous (IV)
C. Intramuscular (IM) - ANS-B;
A drug this is administered IV will attain height degree the quickest (15 - half-hour after
injection/infusion).
A drug that is injected IM will attain top stage at 30 minutes to 1 hour after injection; a drug that
is taken orally will reach top level about one hour after the drug is taken (if the 1/2-life is > two
hours).
A low CSF glucose stage is related to all the following besides:
Choose the single exceptional solution
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Fungal meningitis
C. Toxoplasmosis
D. Hypoglycemia - ANS-A;
In hyperglycemia you'll anticipate a everyday or extended CSF glucose degree- this question is
looking in which you would assume to see a reduced (low) CSF glucose level, and in this
situation hyperglycemia might be the one circumstance this is excluded (consequently the
correct answer).
A affected person has a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) performed at an outpatient laboratory. He
has fasted as advised.
FPG: a hundred thirty five mg/dL
What does this end result suggest and what, if any, further motion is recommended via the
ADA?
, Please pick the unmarried excellent answer
A. Elevated FPG; desires in addition evaluation with the aid of a repeat or alternative check
B. Decreased FPG; a repeat of the test is suggested in three hundred and sixty five days
C. Sufficient documentation for prognosis of diabetes
D. Needs no further evaluation; this is a regular FPG - ANS-A;
The end result is multiplied. Hyperglycemia is tested by way of this one FPG. The ADA
recommends that the hyperglycemia be tested a 2nd time by way of repeating the FPG or
through the usage of one of the different advocated diagnostic exams.
Hyperglycemia ought to be proven a second time with the aid of any of the 4 criteria except the
glucose level is extensively high and diabetes is unquestionable.
A affected person has most desirable LDL and HDL cholesterol values but an hsCRP take a
look at indicates a cost of 12 mg/L (low cardiovascular danger < 1.0 mg/L). Which is likely?
Please select the single best answer
A. The patient has a masked lipid problem such as metabolic syndrome.
B. The patient has not been fasting.
C. The patient has an underlying acute inflammation process. - ANS-C;
hsCRP values >10 mg/L generally signify an underlying acute irritation such as infection. The
cardiovascular risk cost of hsCRP is void and uninterpretable whilst stages attain this high. The
most excellent HDL and LDL might also indicate that the affected person has been fasting.
However, fasting does not have an effect on the hsCRP take a look at.
A serum pattern is acquired in the medical chemistry branch of the laboratory. The first time the
pattern is assayed, the result is six hundred mg/dL. To confirm this result (following this medical
institution's policy), the tech makes 2 mL of a 1:2 dilution of the unique sample. If only 1 mL of
this pattern is analyzed, what could the result be? Assume that the authentic 600 mg/dL price
become correct and that the tool did no longer routinely carry out a dilution calculation.
Choose the single first-rate solution
A. One hundred mg/dL
B. Three hundred mg/dL
C. Six hundred mg/dL
D. 1100 mg/dL
E. Not enough facts given - ANS-B;
The correct reaction is choice B: three hundred mg/dL. A 1:2 dilution of a sample that at first
contained 600 mg for every one deciliter might now include most effective 300 mg for every
deciliter. In different words, it's miles half of as focused because the original sample. The
volume of that pattern this is then analyzed has no bearing on the attention read through the
Questions
A 56 12 months antique female became taken to the emergency room in a coma by means of
her corporation's nurse. She had misplaced 35 pounds in 3 months; she was continually thirsty;
consuming a whole lot of water and walking to the rest room. The following are her laboratory
results:
Results: (suggests reference range)
pH: 7.Eleven (7.35-7.45)
pCO2: 21 mm Hg (35-45 mm Hg)
Glucose: 950 mg/dL (60-110 mg/dL)
Serum osmolality: 365 mOsm/Kg (275-295 mOsm/Kg)
Urine ketone: strongly nice (negative)
Urine glucose: strongly fine (negative)
What is the MOST possibly reason of this patient's signs and symptoms?
Choose the unmarried exceptional solution
A. Gestational diabetes
B. Diabetes insipidus
C. Insulin structured diabetes mellitus
D. Type II diabetes mellitus - ANS-A;
Insulin established diabetes mellitus is associated with a loss of insulin, which leads to elevated
blood and urine glucose. The classical signs and symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination),
polydipsia (improved thirst), polyphagia (extended starvation), and weight loss. Since this
affected person had now not been diagnosed and appears to be poorly controlled, she
advanced hyperosmotic non-ketotic coma (HONK) which lead to her acidosis and accelerated
osmolality. The ketones and glucose inside the urine imply that the frame isn't always capable of
use the glucose gift, on account that there's a loss of insulin, and that the frame is the use of
fats for its source of electricity as a substitute.
Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnant girls and would now not purpose the laboratory results
proven right here. In addition, gestational diabetes in view that it'd be not possible that a fifty
six-year-old could be pregnant.
Diabetes insipidus is a situation wherein the frame is not able to reabsorb water within the
kidneys. This sort of diabetes is related to an extended thirst and cravings for ice, together with
,very excessive volumes of diluted urine. However, diabetes insipidus may be ruled out because
of the presence of glucose within the urine. Diabetes insipidus sufferers typically do now not
exhibit effective urine glucose effects. Those stricken by kind II diabetes mellitus do not
generally show ketosis.
Type II diabetes mellitus is commonly not associated with ketonuria or ketoacidosis. Therefore,
the pleasant desire in this situation is insulin established diabetes mellitus.
A drug this is administered thru which of the subsequent routes will attain peak stage the
fastest?
Choose the unmarried excellent answer
A. Oral
B. Intravenous (IV)
C. Intramuscular (IM) - ANS-B;
A drug this is administered IV will attain height degree the quickest (15 - half-hour after
injection/infusion).
A drug that is injected IM will attain top stage at 30 minutes to 1 hour after injection; a drug that
is taken orally will reach top level about one hour after the drug is taken (if the 1/2-life is > two
hours).
A low CSF glucose stage is related to all the following besides:
Choose the single exceptional solution
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Fungal meningitis
C. Toxoplasmosis
D. Hypoglycemia - ANS-A;
In hyperglycemia you'll anticipate a everyday or extended CSF glucose degree- this question is
looking in which you would assume to see a reduced (low) CSF glucose level, and in this
situation hyperglycemia might be the one circumstance this is excluded (consequently the
correct answer).
A affected person has a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) performed at an outpatient laboratory. He
has fasted as advised.
FPG: a hundred thirty five mg/dL
What does this end result suggest and what, if any, further motion is recommended via the
ADA?
, Please pick the unmarried excellent answer
A. Elevated FPG; desires in addition evaluation with the aid of a repeat or alternative check
B. Decreased FPG; a repeat of the test is suggested in three hundred and sixty five days
C. Sufficient documentation for prognosis of diabetes
D. Needs no further evaluation; this is a regular FPG - ANS-A;
The end result is multiplied. Hyperglycemia is tested by way of this one FPG. The ADA
recommends that the hyperglycemia be tested a 2nd time by way of repeating the FPG or
through the usage of one of the different advocated diagnostic exams.
Hyperglycemia ought to be proven a second time with the aid of any of the 4 criteria except the
glucose level is extensively high and diabetes is unquestionable.
A affected person has most desirable LDL and HDL cholesterol values but an hsCRP take a
look at indicates a cost of 12 mg/L (low cardiovascular danger < 1.0 mg/L). Which is likely?
Please select the single best answer
A. The patient has a masked lipid problem such as metabolic syndrome.
B. The patient has not been fasting.
C. The patient has an underlying acute inflammation process. - ANS-C;
hsCRP values >10 mg/L generally signify an underlying acute irritation such as infection. The
cardiovascular risk cost of hsCRP is void and uninterpretable whilst stages attain this high. The
most excellent HDL and LDL might also indicate that the affected person has been fasting.
However, fasting does not have an effect on the hsCRP take a look at.
A serum pattern is acquired in the medical chemistry branch of the laboratory. The first time the
pattern is assayed, the result is six hundred mg/dL. To confirm this result (following this medical
institution's policy), the tech makes 2 mL of a 1:2 dilution of the unique sample. If only 1 mL of
this pattern is analyzed, what could the result be? Assume that the authentic 600 mg/dL price
become correct and that the tool did no longer routinely carry out a dilution calculation.
Choose the single first-rate solution
A. One hundred mg/dL
B. Three hundred mg/dL
C. Six hundred mg/dL
D. 1100 mg/dL
E. Not enough facts given - ANS-B;
The correct reaction is choice B: three hundred mg/dL. A 1:2 dilution of a sample that at first
contained 600 mg for every one deciliter might now include most effective 300 mg for every
deciliter. In different words, it's miles half of as focused because the original sample. The
volume of that pattern this is then analyzed has no bearing on the attention read through the
