Midterm Exam NURS 6501 (Latest Update)
Advanced Pathophysiology 6501 Walden University
Question with Answers Rewarded Highest score.
1. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of
the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?: Answer: Anaerobic
glycolysis
2. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initi-
ates an action potential?: Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
3. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype
would reveal which of the following?: Answer: XXY
4. A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what
is the nurse looking for?: Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
5. An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show
varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse ex-
plain to the aide?: Answer: Expressivity
6. In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse
include regarding cholesterol?: Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte,
which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
,7. When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse re-
spond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an gene: Answer: Autosomal recessive
8. How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?: An-
swer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
9. The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular
cation as:: Answer: Sodium
10. The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:: -
Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
11. What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging
from diseases?: Answer: It is diflcult to tell the ditterence because both processes are believed to result from
cell injury.
12. What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that re-
veals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome
present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced
carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair.: Answer: Turner syndrome
, 13. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell
would most of the genetic information be contained?: Answer: Nucleolus
14. The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syn-
drome. What is the nurse describing?: Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
15. A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Trans-
mission of this disease is associated with:: Answer: Delayed age of onset
16. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the
nurse's best response?: Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
17. What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?: Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue
growth and development
18. A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair
appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis?: Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine
to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
19. Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of:: Answer:
Decreased ATP production
20. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse
recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:: Answer:
Plasma proteins
21. The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same
direction is an example of which of the following types of transport?: Answer:
Symport
Advanced Pathophysiology 6501 Walden University
Question with Answers Rewarded Highest score.
1. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of
the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?: Answer: Anaerobic
glycolysis
2. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initi-
ates an action potential?: Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
3. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype
would reveal which of the following?: Answer: XXY
4. A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what
is the nurse looking for?: Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
5. An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show
varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse ex-
plain to the aide?: Answer: Expressivity
6. In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse
include regarding cholesterol?: Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte,
which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
,7. When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse re-
spond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an gene: Answer: Autosomal recessive
8. How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?: An-
swer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
9. The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular
cation as:: Answer: Sodium
10. The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:: -
Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
11. What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging
from diseases?: Answer: It is diflcult to tell the ditterence because both processes are believed to result from
cell injury.
12. What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that re-
veals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome
present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced
carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair.: Answer: Turner syndrome
, 13. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell
would most of the genetic information be contained?: Answer: Nucleolus
14. The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syn-
drome. What is the nurse describing?: Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
15. A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Trans-
mission of this disease is associated with:: Answer: Delayed age of onset
16. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the
nurse's best response?: Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
17. What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?: Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue
growth and development
18. A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair
appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis?: Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine
to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
19. Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of:: Answer:
Decreased ATP production
20. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse
recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:: Answer:
Plasma proteins
21. The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same
direction is an example of which of the following types of transport?: Answer:
Symport
