NUR 212 Neurological assessment Questions With Complete
Solutions
Assessing cerebellar function
-look for balance, gait, & coordination
-drunk driving testings
Sensory pathways
ascending "afferent"
Skin, muscles, tendons, mucous membranes, viscera
Motor pathways
descending
Cerebellar function
Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract
motor pathways
-Fibers from motor cortex to brainstem
-cross and go down the opposite (contralateral) side
Hypotonia & hypertonia
Hypotonia? Low tone (newborn baby)
Hypertonia? (spastic movement)
Myoclonus
(sudden involuntary jerking of muscles)
Spinothalamic tract
Sensory fibers: transmit pain, temperature, touch
, Describing sensory function
Touch, pain, temperature
Light/dull
Vibration
proprioception (light pain)
Romberg, Stereognosis, Graphesthesia sensory tests
Romberg (swaying when eyes closed)
Stereognosis (common object in their hand, identify)
Graphesthesia (draw a letter or number in hand, they identify it)
Reflex arc
-Reflexes are the nervous system's defense mechanism
-Involuntary
4 types of reflex
(deep tendon, superficial, visceral, pathologic)
1. Deep tendon (patellar, quadriceps)
2.Superficial (abdominal, p lantar)
3. Visceral (Autonomic= pupils dialation)
4. Pathologic (abnormal= brain damage)
Deep Tendon Reflexes grading (DTR)
0 = Absent
1 = Weak
2 = Normal
3 = exaggerated
4 = Hyperreflexia
Syncopal
Solutions
Assessing cerebellar function
-look for balance, gait, & coordination
-drunk driving testings
Sensory pathways
ascending "afferent"
Skin, muscles, tendons, mucous membranes, viscera
Motor pathways
descending
Cerebellar function
Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract
motor pathways
-Fibers from motor cortex to brainstem
-cross and go down the opposite (contralateral) side
Hypotonia & hypertonia
Hypotonia? Low tone (newborn baby)
Hypertonia? (spastic movement)
Myoclonus
(sudden involuntary jerking of muscles)
Spinothalamic tract
Sensory fibers: transmit pain, temperature, touch
, Describing sensory function
Touch, pain, temperature
Light/dull
Vibration
proprioception (light pain)
Romberg, Stereognosis, Graphesthesia sensory tests
Romberg (swaying when eyes closed)
Stereognosis (common object in their hand, identify)
Graphesthesia (draw a letter or number in hand, they identify it)
Reflex arc
-Reflexes are the nervous system's defense mechanism
-Involuntary
4 types of reflex
(deep tendon, superficial, visceral, pathologic)
1. Deep tendon (patellar, quadriceps)
2.Superficial (abdominal, p lantar)
3. Visceral (Autonomic= pupils dialation)
4. Pathologic (abnormal= brain damage)
Deep Tendon Reflexes grading (DTR)
0 = Absent
1 = Weak
2 = Normal
3 = exaggerated
4 = Hyperreflexia
Syncopal
