NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM /ACTUAL gs gs gs gs
gs EXAM WITH 350EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT gs gs s
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DETAILED SOLUTIONS/ALREADY GRADED A+
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One of the most common side effects of Enalapril (Vasotec) is:
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1. Dry hacking cough. gs gs
2. Hypertension.
3. Constipation.
4. Irritability. - SOLUTION- 1. Dry hacking cough. gs gs gs gs gs gs
Rationale: A cough is commonly associated with angiotensin- gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
converting enzymeinhibitors, resulting from increased sensitivity of
gs s
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cough reflex.
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A student caregiver questions the caregiver about why the client has 20mEq of
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Potassium Chloride (KCl) in his IV. The caregiver explains the purpose and then refers
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
the studentto which laboratory tests?
gs gs s
g gs gs gs
1. Electrolytes.
2. Glucose.
3. Hemoglobin.
4. Arterial blood gases. - SOLUTION- 1. Electrolytes.
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Rationale: It measures potassium, among other things. gs gs gs gs gs gs
A client asks the caregiver why he is receiving patches of Nitroglycerin instead of just
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
taking it under the tongue when he needs it. The caregiver explains that:
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
, 1. "Given in this manner, the medication is absorbed at a slow, steady rate."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
2. "This manner is effective in acute situations."
gs gs gs gs gs gs
3. "This manner allows for more accurate dosage."
gs gs gs gs gs gs
"Patches administer a day's to a week's worth of medications." -SOLUTION- 1. "Given in this
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
manner, the medication is absorbed at a slow, steady rate."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Rationale: After application to the skin, the medication is absorbed at a slow,
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
constantrate, allowing for the maintenance of a therapeutic level.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
A client with cancer has been receiving high doses of Morphine for several days.
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During an assessment, the side effect that the caregiver would be likely to see is:
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
1. Constipation.
2. Respiratory Depression. gs
3. Pain Relief. gs
4. Diarrhea. -SOLUTION- 1. Constipation. gs gs gs gs
Rationale: These clients need to be on a bowel program. Constipation is the only
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
sideeffect for which clients do not develop a tolerance.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
The physician has ordered Mycostatin 5ml, swish and swallow twice daily. The
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
caregiver should instruct the client to:
gs gs gs gs gs gs
1. "Swallow the medication quickly, and follow with 8oz of water." gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
2. "Shake the bottle before administering to help mix the suspension."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
3. "Brush your teeth carefully before each dose."gs gs gs gs gs gs
4."Maintain contact with the mucosa as long as possible before swallowing. -
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
SOLUTION- 4. "Maintain contact with the mucosa as long as possible before
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
swallowing."
gs
Rationale: This allows for maximal contact with impaired oral mucosa.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
,The caregiver will know that the client understands teaching about self-
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
administration of Oral Corticosteroids when the client states that she will take the
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
medications:
gs
1. Before meals. gs
2. With or after meals. gs gs gs
3. At bedtime. gs
4. With orange juice. gs gs gs
- SOLUTION- 2. With or after meals
gs gs gs gs gs gs
Rationale: the medication is considered ulcerogenic. gs gs gs gs gs
Acaregiver is making a home visit to care for a client with COPD. When she arrivesat
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g
the home, she finds that the couple has a big box of medications all mixed together,
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
and some of them are outdated. The first priority should be to:
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
1. Examine all the labels to determine which ones are still viable.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
2. Question the couple to see what medications they are taking.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
3. Report the situation to her supervisor so that she can contact the physician.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
4. Contact the social worker to begin placement proceedings for the couple. -
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
SOLUTION- 3. Report the situation to her supervisor so that she can contact the
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
physician.
gs
Rationale: The physician needs to know to verify any needed prescription.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Prioritize the following concerns from highest to lowest priority for a caregiver
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visitinga childless couple:
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1. Household cleaners stored under the sink. gs gs gs gs gs
, 2. Insulin syringes on the kitchen cabinet. gs gs gs gs gs
3. Husband and wife's medication stored together on the bedside table.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
4. Two empty bottles of wine in the trash bin.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
SOLUTION- 3. Husband and wife's medication stored together on the bedside gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
table.
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1. Household cleaners stored under the sink. 2. Insulin syringes on the kitchen cabinet.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
4. Two empty bottles of wine in the trash bin.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
A caregiver is assessing signs of alcohol withdrawal in one of her clients. These
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
assessments would include:
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- SOLUTION- - Tremors.
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Anxiety.
Increased blood pressure gs gs
All of these are signs of alcohol withdraw.Along with tachycardia,
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
diaphoresis, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, insomnia. hallucinations and seizures. gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Items that would be appropriate to teach a client being treated with Warfarin (Coumadin): -SOLUTION- -
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
"It is important to avoid eating excessive amounts of broccoli."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
"It is important to monitor for any signs of bleeding in urine and stool."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
"The physician will regulate your medication according to your blood work."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Broccoli contains large amounts of Vitamin K. gs gs gs gs gs gs
Bleeding may occur if the dosage is not regulated properly. Dosage is managed by
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
monitoring therapeutic levels.
gs gs gs
An 89 year old man is complaining of urinary retention during the medicationhistory.
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Which assessment would be a priority to report to the physician?
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
gs EXAM WITH 350EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT gs gs s
g gs gs gs
DETAILED SOLUTIONS/ALREADY GRADED A+
gs gs gs gs
One of the most common side effects of Enalapril (Vasotec) is:
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
1. Dry hacking cough. gs gs
2. Hypertension.
3. Constipation.
4. Irritability. - SOLUTION- 1. Dry hacking cough. gs gs gs gs gs gs
Rationale: A cough is commonly associated with angiotensin- gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
converting enzymeinhibitors, resulting from increased sensitivity of
gs s
g gs gs gs gs gs
cough reflex.
gs gs
A student caregiver questions the caregiver about why the client has 20mEq of
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Potassium Chloride (KCl) in his IV. The caregiver explains the purpose and then refers
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
the studentto which laboratory tests?
gs gs s
g gs gs gs
1. Electrolytes.
2. Glucose.
3. Hemoglobin.
4. Arterial blood gases. - SOLUTION- 1. Electrolytes.
gs gs gs gs gs gs
Rationale: It measures potassium, among other things. gs gs gs gs gs gs
A client asks the caregiver why he is receiving patches of Nitroglycerin instead of just
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
taking it under the tongue when he needs it. The caregiver explains that:
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
, 1. "Given in this manner, the medication is absorbed at a slow, steady rate."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
2. "This manner is effective in acute situations."
gs gs gs gs gs gs
3. "This manner allows for more accurate dosage."
gs gs gs gs gs gs
"Patches administer a day's to a week's worth of medications." -SOLUTION- 1. "Given in this
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
manner, the medication is absorbed at a slow, steady rate."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Rationale: After application to the skin, the medication is absorbed at a slow,
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
constantrate, allowing for the maintenance of a therapeutic level.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
A client with cancer has been receiving high doses of Morphine for several days.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
During an assessment, the side effect that the caregiver would be likely to see is:
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
1. Constipation.
2. Respiratory Depression. gs
3. Pain Relief. gs
4. Diarrhea. -SOLUTION- 1. Constipation. gs gs gs gs
Rationale: These clients need to be on a bowel program. Constipation is the only
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
sideeffect for which clients do not develop a tolerance.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
The physician has ordered Mycostatin 5ml, swish and swallow twice daily. The
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
caregiver should instruct the client to:
gs gs gs gs gs gs
1. "Swallow the medication quickly, and follow with 8oz of water." gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
2. "Shake the bottle before administering to help mix the suspension."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
3. "Brush your teeth carefully before each dose."gs gs gs gs gs gs
4."Maintain contact with the mucosa as long as possible before swallowing. -
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
SOLUTION- 4. "Maintain contact with the mucosa as long as possible before
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
swallowing."
gs
Rationale: This allows for maximal contact with impaired oral mucosa.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
,The caregiver will know that the client understands teaching about self-
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
administration of Oral Corticosteroids when the client states that she will take the
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
medications:
gs
1. Before meals. gs
2. With or after meals. gs gs gs
3. At bedtime. gs
4. With orange juice. gs gs gs
- SOLUTION- 2. With or after meals
gs gs gs gs gs gs
Rationale: the medication is considered ulcerogenic. gs gs gs gs gs
Acaregiver is making a home visit to care for a client with COPD. When she arrivesat
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs s
g
the home, she finds that the couple has a big box of medications all mixed together,
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
and some of them are outdated. The first priority should be to:
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
1. Examine all the labels to determine which ones are still viable.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
2. Question the couple to see what medications they are taking.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
3. Report the situation to her supervisor so that she can contact the physician.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
4. Contact the social worker to begin placement proceedings for the couple. -
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
SOLUTION- 3. Report the situation to her supervisor so that she can contact the
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
physician.
gs
Rationale: The physician needs to know to verify any needed prescription.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Prioritize the following concerns from highest to lowest priority for a caregiver
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
visitinga childless couple:
gs gs gs gs
1. Household cleaners stored under the sink. gs gs gs gs gs
, 2. Insulin syringes on the kitchen cabinet. gs gs gs gs gs
3. Husband and wife's medication stored together on the bedside table.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
4. Two empty bottles of wine in the trash bin.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
SOLUTION- 3. Husband and wife's medication stored together on the bedside gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
table.
gs
1. Household cleaners stored under the sink. 2. Insulin syringes on the kitchen cabinet.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
4. Two empty bottles of wine in the trash bin.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
A caregiver is assessing signs of alcohol withdrawal in one of her clients. These
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
assessments would include:
gs gs gs gs
- SOLUTION- - Tremors.
gs gs gs
Anxiety.
Increased blood pressure gs gs
All of these are signs of alcohol withdraw.Along with tachycardia,
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
diaphoresis, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, insomnia. hallucinations and seizures. gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Items that would be appropriate to teach a client being treated with Warfarin (Coumadin): -SOLUTION- -
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
"It is important to avoid eating excessive amounts of broccoli."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
"It is important to monitor for any signs of bleeding in urine and stool."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
"The physician will regulate your medication according to your blood work."
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Broccoli contains large amounts of Vitamin K. gs gs gs gs gs gs
Bleeding may occur if the dosage is not regulated properly. Dosage is managed by
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
monitoring therapeutic levels.
gs gs gs
An 89 year old man is complaining of urinary retention during the medicationhistory.
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
Which assessment would be a priority to report to the physician?
gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs gs
