Origins of Psychology
● Philosophers from different eras and places (Locke, Plato, Darwin, Wundt etc.)
● Early Issues: Structuralism v. Functionalism
● Gender Discrimainaiton
● Now mainly women are leading Psychology
● Psych came into the spotlight at different times and places so some places were lacking in
terms of Psychological knowledge
Important Names
● Wilhem Wundt
● Charels Darwin
● John Waston
● Carl Rogers
● Jean Piaget
● Edward Titchneer
● Mary Calkins
● BF skinner
● Abraham Masow
● William James
● Margaret Washburn
● Signmund Freud
● Ivan Pavlov
Twin Studies and Emergence
● Twin studies are common in Psychology
○ Studies compared identical twins (100% shared genes) with fraternal twins (50%
shared genes) or biological siblings
● Emergence: The idea that layers of complexity result in properties that appear at one level
but not another
Basic and Applied Research
● Basic: Research that is built upon what has already been established in Science
● Applied: Tries to answer a question/problem that has no answer (Majority)
● Field of Psychology had 90% Researcher and 10% therapists
, New Disciplines and Interdisciplinary Perspectives
● 3 main levels of Analysis in psychology
○ Biological Influence
○ Psychological Influence
○ Social/Cultural Influence
Sigmund Freud
Personality Theory
● Developed by Freud
● Id: This refers to the unconscious driving forces that demand an outlet in thought and
behavior. Examples would be desire of sex.
● Ego: This the “true person” so to speak. The ego is the self that must negotiate between
the demands of his or her biology and the ideals and goals laid down by his or her culture
● Superego: This refers to the collection of social experiments and morality that each
individual strives for
How to talk to the Id
● Methods to psychoanalyze Id include
○ Dream Analysis
○ Projective tests such as the Inkblot
○ Free association
● These all rely on the assumption that people walk around and act in the world without full
awareness of the inner drives and motivations. These desires, however, demand to be
expressed.
Psychosexual Stages
● Freud believes that humans go through a predictable set of stages
● These stages reflect the hypothesis that humans ultimately will go down to there base
desires
Structuralism
● How the mind's structure affects the way you live
Functionalism
● Mental and behavioral processes are what enables survival
● “Stream of Consciousness”
● Philosophers from different eras and places (Locke, Plato, Darwin, Wundt etc.)
● Early Issues: Structuralism v. Functionalism
● Gender Discrimainaiton
● Now mainly women are leading Psychology
● Psych came into the spotlight at different times and places so some places were lacking in
terms of Psychological knowledge
Important Names
● Wilhem Wundt
● Charels Darwin
● John Waston
● Carl Rogers
● Jean Piaget
● Edward Titchneer
● Mary Calkins
● BF skinner
● Abraham Masow
● William James
● Margaret Washburn
● Signmund Freud
● Ivan Pavlov
Twin Studies and Emergence
● Twin studies are common in Psychology
○ Studies compared identical twins (100% shared genes) with fraternal twins (50%
shared genes) or biological siblings
● Emergence: The idea that layers of complexity result in properties that appear at one level
but not another
Basic and Applied Research
● Basic: Research that is built upon what has already been established in Science
● Applied: Tries to answer a question/problem that has no answer (Majority)
● Field of Psychology had 90% Researcher and 10% therapists
, New Disciplines and Interdisciplinary Perspectives
● 3 main levels of Analysis in psychology
○ Biological Influence
○ Psychological Influence
○ Social/Cultural Influence
Sigmund Freud
Personality Theory
● Developed by Freud
● Id: This refers to the unconscious driving forces that demand an outlet in thought and
behavior. Examples would be desire of sex.
● Ego: This the “true person” so to speak. The ego is the self that must negotiate between
the demands of his or her biology and the ideals and goals laid down by his or her culture
● Superego: This refers to the collection of social experiments and morality that each
individual strives for
How to talk to the Id
● Methods to psychoanalyze Id include
○ Dream Analysis
○ Projective tests such as the Inkblot
○ Free association
● These all rely on the assumption that people walk around and act in the world without full
awareness of the inner drives and motivations. These desires, however, demand to be
expressed.
Psychosexual Stages
● Freud believes that humans go through a predictable set of stages
● These stages reflect the hypothesis that humans ultimately will go down to there base
desires
Structuralism
● How the mind's structure affects the way you live
Functionalism
● Mental and behavioral processes are what enables survival
● “Stream of Consciousness”
