{NGN} ATI PN FUNDAMENTALS PROCTORED EXAM
2025/400+QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES/PN FUNDAMENTALS
PROCTORED EXAM /100% VERIFIED/ALREADY
GRADED A+/BRAND NEW!!!
1. A caregiver is planning to collect a stool specimen for ova and parasites from a client who
hasdiarrhea. Which of the following actions should the caregiver take when collecting the
specimen?
A. Instruct the client to defecate into the toilet bowl
InnacurateThe caregiver should have the client defecate into a bedpan or a container for
stoolcollection. The toilet water can dilute and contaminate the liquid specimen.
B. Transfer the specimen to a sterile container
InnacurateThe caregiver should place the stool specimen in a clean container using a tonguedepressor.
C. Refrigerate the collected specimen
InnacurateThe caregiver should send the collected stool specimen immediately to the laboratory
after labeling the specimen properly to prevent contamination with microorganisms and keep
thespecimen from getting cold.
D. Place the stool specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should place the specimen collection container in a biohazard
bag with the client label on the container and the bag for easy identification. This will also
prevent contaminationwith microorganisms.
2. A caregiver is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning. Which of
thefollowing actions should the caregiver take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate the
client for severalminutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
InnacurateThe caregiver should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
InnacurateApplying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of damage to
thetracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
InnacurateThe caregiver should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
3. A caregiver is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the
followingfoods should the caregiver include as an example of an incomplete protein?
A. Eggs
Innacuratethis is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
B. Soybeans
Innacuratethis is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for
thesynthesis of protein in the body.
,C. Lentils
RATIONALE:-Incomplete proteins are missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids necessary
for the synthesis of protein in the body. Examples of incomplete proteins include lentils,
vegetables,grains, nuts, and seeds.
D. Yogurt
Innacuratethis is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for
thesynthesis of protein in the body.
4. A caregiver is caring for a client who was admitted to a long-term care facility for
rehabilitationafter a total hip arthroplasty. At which of the following times should the caregiver
begin discharge planning?
A. One week prior to the client‟s discharge
InnacurateBeginning to plan for the client‟s discharge a week prior to the event might not allow
sufficient time for planning. The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time of admission.
B. Upon the client‟s admission to the care facility
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time that the client is admitted to the
facility.
C. Once the discharge date is identified
InnacurateBeginning to plan for the client‟s discharge once the discharge date is identified mightnot
allow sufficient time for planning. The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time of
admission.
D. When the client addresses the topic with the caregiver
InnacurateBeginning to plan for the client‟s discharge once the discharge date is identified mightnot
allow sufficient time for planning. The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time of
admission.
5. A caregiver is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a client. Which of the
followingactions should the caregiver plan to take?
A. Insert the rectal tube 15.2 cm (6 in)
InnacurateThe caregiver should insert the rectal tube 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in)
B. Wear sterile gloves to insert the tubing
InnacurateThe caregiver should wear clean (nonsterile) gloves to prevent contamination.
C. Position the client on his left side
RATIONALE:-Positioning is an important aspect of administering an enema. Having the client lie
on his leftside facilitates the flow of the enema solution into the sigmoid and descending colon.
D. Hold the solution bag 91 cm (36 inch) above the client‟s rectum
InnacurateThe caregiver should hold the solution bag 30 cm (12 in) above the client‟s rectum for
alow enema and 45 cm (18 in) for a high enema. If the caregiver holds the solution bag too high,
thesolution might run in too fast, causing discomfort and spasms that make retaining the enema
more difficult.
5. A caregiver is caring for a client who has bilateral cats on her hands. Which of the
followingactions should the caregiver take when assisting the client with feeding?
A. Sit at the bedside when feeding the client
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should avoid appearing to be in a hurry. Sitting at the bedside provides
the client withthe caregiver‟s full attention during the feeding
,B. Order pureed foods
InnacurateWithout any mouth or throat injuries that make chewing or swallowing difficult, the
client should be served foods of an appropriate variety of textures. Pureed foods are for clients
who cannot chew, have difficulty swallowing, or do not have teeth.
C. Make sure feedings are provided at room temperature
InnacurateThe caregiver should ask the client if the food is the correct temperature
D. Offer the client a drink of fluid after every bite
InnacurateIf the client is unable to communicate, the caregiver should offer the client fluids after
every 3 or 4 mouthfuls. However, there is no indication that this client is unable to
communicate.Therefore, the client should tell the caregiver when she would like a drink.
6. A caregiver is administering an IM injection to a 5-month-old infant. Which of the
followinginjection sites should the caregiver use?
A. Deltoid
InnacurateThe caregiver can use the deltoid muscle for injecting small volumes of medication
forchildren 18 months of age or older, but its proximity to several nerves and arteries make it a
riskier choice.
B. Ventrogluteal
InnacurateThis is a safe site for IM injections for clients older than 7 months.
C. Vastus lateralis
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should use the vastus lateralis site over the anterior thigh for IM injections
for infantsand children.
D. Dorsogluteal
InnacurateThis site is unsafe to use because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve and the
superiorgluteal nerve and artery.
7. A caregiver is caring for a client who has major fecal incontinence and reports irritation in
theperianal area. Which of the following actions should the caregiver take first?
A. Apply a fecal collection system
InnacurateThe caregiver should apply a fecal collection system to divert the feces away from
thearea of skin irritation; however, there is another action the caregiver should take first.
B. Apply a barrier cream
InnacurateThe caregiver should apply a barrier cream to decrease skin breakdown in the
perianalarea from the feces; however, there is another action the caregiver should take first.
C. Cleanse and dry the area
InnacurateThe caregiver should cleanse and dry the perianal area to decrease skin
irritation;however, there is another action the caregiver should take first.
D. Check the client‟s perineum
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should apply the nursing process priority-setting framework to plan care
and prioritize nursing actions. Each step of the nursing process builds on the previous step,
beginningwith an assessment or data collection. Before the caregiver can formulate a plan of action,
implementa nursing intervention, or notify a provider of a change in the client‟s status, the caregiver
must first collect adequate data from the client. Assessing or collecting additional data will provide the
caregiver with knowledge to make an appropriate decision. The priority nursing action is for the
caregiver to collect more data by assessing the area of irritation.
9. A caregiver is caring for a client who is receiving IV therapy via a peripheral catheter. The
caregivershould identify that which of the following findings is an indication of infiltration?
A. Redness at the infusion site
, InnacurateRedness at the infusion site is an indication of phlebitis or infection.
B. Edema at the infusion site
RATIONALE:-Edema due to fluid entering subcutaneous tissue is an indication of infiltration.
C. Warmth at the infusion site
InnacurateWarmth at the infusion site is an indication of phlebitis or infection.
D. Oozing of blood at the infusion site
InnacurateOozing of blood at the infusion site is an indication that the IV system is not intact.
10. A caregiver is caring for a client who reports not sleeping at night, which interferes with her
ability to function during the day. Which of the following interventions should the caregiver suggestto
this client?
A. Avoid beverages that contain caffeine
RATIONALE:-Caffeine is a stimulant. The caregiver should suggest that the client avoid caffeinated
beverages.
B. Take a sleep medication regularly at bedtime
InnacurateSleep-promoting medication is a last resort. The caregiver should not suggest this type
ofmedication for the client before recommending other nonpharmacological interventions.
C. Watch television for 30 minutes in bed to relax prior to falling asleep
InnacurateClients should associate going to bed with sleep. Therefore, the client should not getinto
bed until she is sleepy.
D. Advise the client to take several naps during the day
InnacurateNapping in the daytime can prevent sound sleep at night
11. A caregiver is conducting an admission interview with a client. Which of the following pieces
ofassessment information should the caregiver collect during the introductory phase of the interview?
A. Clients level of comfort and ability to participate in the interview
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should assess the client‟s level of comfort and establish a rapport
during the introductory or orientation phase. The caregiver should engage in active listening and
present a relaxed attitude to place the client at ease and encourage client participation. This will
assist thecaregiver in gaining the necessary data to formulate appropriate nursing diagnoses and
outcomes.
B. Previous illnesses and surgeries
InnacurateThe caregiver should assess the client‟s health history, including previous illnesses
andsurgeries, during the working phase of the interview.
C. Events surrounding the client‟s recent illness
InnacurateThe caregiver should assess the client‟s health history, including events surrounding
therecent or current illness, during the working phase of the interview.
D. Sociocultural history
InnacurateThe caregiver should assess the client‟s sociocultural history during the working phase ofthe
interview.
12. A caregiver is performing an abdominal assessment of a client. Which of the following
positionsshould the caregiver tell the client to assume for this examination?
A. Lithotomy
InnacurateThe lithotomy position is useful for gynecological examinations.
2025/400+QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES/PN FUNDAMENTALS
PROCTORED EXAM /100% VERIFIED/ALREADY
GRADED A+/BRAND NEW!!!
1. A caregiver is planning to collect a stool specimen for ova and parasites from a client who
hasdiarrhea. Which of the following actions should the caregiver take when collecting the
specimen?
A. Instruct the client to defecate into the toilet bowl
InnacurateThe caregiver should have the client defecate into a bedpan or a container for
stoolcollection. The toilet water can dilute and contaminate the liquid specimen.
B. Transfer the specimen to a sterile container
InnacurateThe caregiver should place the stool specimen in a clean container using a tonguedepressor.
C. Refrigerate the collected specimen
InnacurateThe caregiver should send the collected stool specimen immediately to the laboratory
after labeling the specimen properly to prevent contamination with microorganisms and keep
thespecimen from getting cold.
D. Place the stool specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should place the specimen collection container in a biohazard
bag with the client label on the container and the bag for easy identification. This will also
prevent contaminationwith microorganisms.
2. A caregiver is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning. Which of
thefollowing actions should the caregiver take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate the
client for severalminutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
InnacurateThe caregiver should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
InnacurateApplying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of damage to
thetracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
InnacurateThe caregiver should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
3. A caregiver is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the
followingfoods should the caregiver include as an example of an incomplete protein?
A. Eggs
Innacuratethis is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for the
synthesis of protein in the body.
B. Soybeans
Innacuratethis is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for
thesynthesis of protein in the body.
,C. Lentils
RATIONALE:-Incomplete proteins are missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids necessary
for the synthesis of protein in the body. Examples of incomplete proteins include lentils,
vegetables,grains, nuts, and seeds.
D. Yogurt
Innacuratethis is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for
thesynthesis of protein in the body.
4. A caregiver is caring for a client who was admitted to a long-term care facility for
rehabilitationafter a total hip arthroplasty. At which of the following times should the caregiver
begin discharge planning?
A. One week prior to the client‟s discharge
InnacurateBeginning to plan for the client‟s discharge a week prior to the event might not allow
sufficient time for planning. The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time of admission.
B. Upon the client‟s admission to the care facility
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time that the client is admitted to the
facility.
C. Once the discharge date is identified
InnacurateBeginning to plan for the client‟s discharge once the discharge date is identified mightnot
allow sufficient time for planning. The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time of
admission.
D. When the client addresses the topic with the caregiver
InnacurateBeginning to plan for the client‟s discharge once the discharge date is identified mightnot
allow sufficient time for planning. The caregiver should begin discharge planning at the time of
admission.
5. A caregiver is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a client. Which of the
followingactions should the caregiver plan to take?
A. Insert the rectal tube 15.2 cm (6 in)
InnacurateThe caregiver should insert the rectal tube 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in)
B. Wear sterile gloves to insert the tubing
InnacurateThe caregiver should wear clean (nonsterile) gloves to prevent contamination.
C. Position the client on his left side
RATIONALE:-Positioning is an important aspect of administering an enema. Having the client lie
on his leftside facilitates the flow of the enema solution into the sigmoid and descending colon.
D. Hold the solution bag 91 cm (36 inch) above the client‟s rectum
InnacurateThe caregiver should hold the solution bag 30 cm (12 in) above the client‟s rectum for
alow enema and 45 cm (18 in) for a high enema. If the caregiver holds the solution bag too high,
thesolution might run in too fast, causing discomfort and spasms that make retaining the enema
more difficult.
5. A caregiver is caring for a client who has bilateral cats on her hands. Which of the
followingactions should the caregiver take when assisting the client with feeding?
A. Sit at the bedside when feeding the client
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should avoid appearing to be in a hurry. Sitting at the bedside provides
the client withthe caregiver‟s full attention during the feeding
,B. Order pureed foods
InnacurateWithout any mouth or throat injuries that make chewing or swallowing difficult, the
client should be served foods of an appropriate variety of textures. Pureed foods are for clients
who cannot chew, have difficulty swallowing, or do not have teeth.
C. Make sure feedings are provided at room temperature
InnacurateThe caregiver should ask the client if the food is the correct temperature
D. Offer the client a drink of fluid after every bite
InnacurateIf the client is unable to communicate, the caregiver should offer the client fluids after
every 3 or 4 mouthfuls. However, there is no indication that this client is unable to
communicate.Therefore, the client should tell the caregiver when she would like a drink.
6. A caregiver is administering an IM injection to a 5-month-old infant. Which of the
followinginjection sites should the caregiver use?
A. Deltoid
InnacurateThe caregiver can use the deltoid muscle for injecting small volumes of medication
forchildren 18 months of age or older, but its proximity to several nerves and arteries make it a
riskier choice.
B. Ventrogluteal
InnacurateThis is a safe site for IM injections for clients older than 7 months.
C. Vastus lateralis
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should use the vastus lateralis site over the anterior thigh for IM injections
for infantsand children.
D. Dorsogluteal
InnacurateThis site is unsafe to use because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve and the
superiorgluteal nerve and artery.
7. A caregiver is caring for a client who has major fecal incontinence and reports irritation in
theperianal area. Which of the following actions should the caregiver take first?
A. Apply a fecal collection system
InnacurateThe caregiver should apply a fecal collection system to divert the feces away from
thearea of skin irritation; however, there is another action the caregiver should take first.
B. Apply a barrier cream
InnacurateThe caregiver should apply a barrier cream to decrease skin breakdown in the
perianalarea from the feces; however, there is another action the caregiver should take first.
C. Cleanse and dry the area
InnacurateThe caregiver should cleanse and dry the perianal area to decrease skin
irritation;however, there is another action the caregiver should take first.
D. Check the client‟s perineum
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should apply the nursing process priority-setting framework to plan care
and prioritize nursing actions. Each step of the nursing process builds on the previous step,
beginningwith an assessment or data collection. Before the caregiver can formulate a plan of action,
implementa nursing intervention, or notify a provider of a change in the client‟s status, the caregiver
must first collect adequate data from the client. Assessing or collecting additional data will provide the
caregiver with knowledge to make an appropriate decision. The priority nursing action is for the
caregiver to collect more data by assessing the area of irritation.
9. A caregiver is caring for a client who is receiving IV therapy via a peripheral catheter. The
caregivershould identify that which of the following findings is an indication of infiltration?
A. Redness at the infusion site
, InnacurateRedness at the infusion site is an indication of phlebitis or infection.
B. Edema at the infusion site
RATIONALE:-Edema due to fluid entering subcutaneous tissue is an indication of infiltration.
C. Warmth at the infusion site
InnacurateWarmth at the infusion site is an indication of phlebitis or infection.
D. Oozing of blood at the infusion site
InnacurateOozing of blood at the infusion site is an indication that the IV system is not intact.
10. A caregiver is caring for a client who reports not sleeping at night, which interferes with her
ability to function during the day. Which of the following interventions should the caregiver suggestto
this client?
A. Avoid beverages that contain caffeine
RATIONALE:-Caffeine is a stimulant. The caregiver should suggest that the client avoid caffeinated
beverages.
B. Take a sleep medication regularly at bedtime
InnacurateSleep-promoting medication is a last resort. The caregiver should not suggest this type
ofmedication for the client before recommending other nonpharmacological interventions.
C. Watch television for 30 minutes in bed to relax prior to falling asleep
InnacurateClients should associate going to bed with sleep. Therefore, the client should not getinto
bed until she is sleepy.
D. Advise the client to take several naps during the day
InnacurateNapping in the daytime can prevent sound sleep at night
11. A caregiver is conducting an admission interview with a client. Which of the following pieces
ofassessment information should the caregiver collect during the introductory phase of the interview?
A. Clients level of comfort and ability to participate in the interview
RATIONALE:-The caregiver should assess the client‟s level of comfort and establish a rapport
during the introductory or orientation phase. The caregiver should engage in active listening and
present a relaxed attitude to place the client at ease and encourage client participation. This will
assist thecaregiver in gaining the necessary data to formulate appropriate nursing diagnoses and
outcomes.
B. Previous illnesses and surgeries
InnacurateThe caregiver should assess the client‟s health history, including previous illnesses
andsurgeries, during the working phase of the interview.
C. Events surrounding the client‟s recent illness
InnacurateThe caregiver should assess the client‟s health history, including events surrounding
therecent or current illness, during the working phase of the interview.
D. Sociocultural history
InnacurateThe caregiver should assess the client‟s sociocultural history during the working phase ofthe
interview.
12. A caregiver is performing an abdominal assessment of a client. Which of the following
positionsshould the caregiver tell the client to assume for this examination?
A. Lithotomy
InnacurateThe lithotomy position is useful for gynecological examinations.
