DREXEL CHEM 103 Exam 2 A+ Pass

DREXEL CHEM 103 Exam 2 A+ Pass Alcohol group - Answer- R-OH primary alcohol - Answer- An alcohol in which the OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is attached to two or three hydrogen atoms. secondary alcohol - Answer- An alcohol in which the hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached a carbon that is attached to two other carbons. tertiary alcohol - Answer- An alcohol in which the -OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is attached to three carbon atoms and no hydrogen atoms. ethylene glycol - Answer- common name for HO-CH2-CH2-OH (1,2-ethanediol) phenol - Answer- Benzene ring with -OH Physical properties of alcohols - Answer- polar, H-bonding between H and O increases BP, slower evaporation When comparing 2 alcohols, which has a higher boiling point? - Answer- The alcohol with the highest molecular weight Solubility of alcohols in water - Answer- decreases as hydrocarbon chain increase structural isomer - Answer- One of several compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms. Oxidation of primary alcohols - Answer- aldehyde to carboxylic acid Oxidation of Aldehydes - Answer- carboxylic acid oxidation of secondary alcohol - Answer- ketone ketone - Answer- carboxylic acid - Answer- Formaldehyde - Answer- formic acid - Answer- methanoic acid phenyl - Answer- benzene ring as a substituent of a carbon chain Diprivan - Answer- propofol (IV) Properties of phenol - Answer- 1. Ease of oxidation; 2. Acidity (weak acid) Ether - Answer- R-O-R' "-alkoxy" anisole - Answer- methyl phenyl ether butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) - Answer- 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole Physical properties of Ethers - Answer- polar, no H-bonding, BP falls between non polar alcohol and H-bonding alcohol Chemical properties of ethers - Answer- - not very reactive - used as solvents Aldehydes - Answer- "-al" Oxidation of an ether - Answer- R-O-R' to R-O-O-R' (unstable, explosive) Acid catalyzed hydrolysis - Answer- REVERSIBLE ester + water (react with H+) yields carboxylic acid and alcohol base catalyzed hydrolysis - Answer- NOT REVERSIBLE ester + water (react with base) yields salt + alcohol Saponification - Answer- a base catalyzed hydrolysis Vulcanization - Answer- The process of cross-linking polymer chains in rubber. polyhalogenated alkanes - Answer- repeating alkane unit with a halogen as a substituent Vinyl chloride - Answer- PVC pipe tetrafluoroethene - Answer- Teflon