2025-2026
MDD DSM 5 criteria - Answers 5 or more of the following s/s for 2 weeks
depressed mood for most of the day
diminished interest or pleasure in all or most activities
weight loss when not dieting or weight gain (change in more than 5% of body weight in one
month)
insomnia or hypersomnia
psychomotor agitation or retardation
fatigue or loss of energy
feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt
diminished ability to think or concentrate, indecisiveness
recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
persistent depressive disorder (dysthmia) - Answers depressed mood for most of the days over
the last 2 years
while depressed must have two of the following:
poor appetite or overeating
insomnia or hypersomnia
low energy or fatigue
low self esteem
poor concentration
hopelessness
haven't been without s/s for more than two months at a time
major depressive episode - Answers two week period where patients experience symptoms of
MDD
,cyclothymic disorder - Answers at least 2 years there have been numerous hypomanic s/s that
do not meet criteria for hypomanic episodes and numerous periods of depressive s/s that don't
meet criteria for major depression
if a patient presents with increased energy, grandiose thought process, and AVH, can they be
diagnosed with biploar II? - Answers no, psychotic features automatically defer to a bipolar I dx
hypomanic symptoms - Answers distinct period of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with
increased energy lasting at least 4 days
three of more s/s:
inflated self esteem/grandiosity
decreased need for sleep
more talkative than normal or pressured speech
flight of ideas or racing thoughts
distractibility
increase in goal directed activity
involvement in activities that have high likelihood for painful consequences
hypomania causes marked impairment on functioning - Answers false
manic episode - Answers elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting at least 1 week
chorea - Answers excessive, spontaneous movements that are irregularly timed, nonrepetitive,
random, and abrupt
not rhythmic
myoclonus - Answers involuntary muscle contraction consisting of lighting like movements or a
specific muscle or muscle group
quick simple jerk
dystonia - Answers involuntary muscle contractions causing twisting or repetitive movements,
abnormal postures, or both
, akathesia - Answers inability to remain still
feeling restless, agitated, a need to pace
affect - Answers appearance of observable emotions
dysarthria - Answers difficulty speaking bc muscles in mouth too weak
Aprosodia - Answers inability to understand changes in tone of voice or pitch used to relay
information in linguistics or emotional information
illusion - Answers perception that occurs when a stimulus is present but is misinterpreted
trust vs mistrust - Answers infancy (0-1 yo)
trust (or mistrust) of basic, needs such as nourishment or affection, will be met
autonomy vs shame/doubt - Answers early childhood (1-3 yo)
develop sense of independence
initiative vs guilt - Answers play age (3-6 yo)
take initiative on activities and may be guilty if unsuccessful
industry vs inferiority - Answers school age (7-11 yo)
develops self confidence when confident and inferiority when not successful
identity vs confusion - Answers adolescents (12-18 yo)
develop identity and roles
intimacy vs isolation - Answers early adulthood (19-29 yo)
establish intimacy and relationships with others