LSUS MHA 707 CH 7 - HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE (EXAM C) LATEST ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Health Care System Performance. ANSWER -Critical for organizations and the system as a
whole, assessed for confidence and support
How can insights gained from evaluating health systems help?. ANSWER -They help drive
change in professional roles, practice, and training
3 criteria for health care systems. ANSWER -1. Quality
2. Equity
3. Efficiency
Health care systems evaluated at the micro level. ANSWER -For organizations including
hospitals, physician practices, long term care facilities, and other health care settings
Health care systems evaluated at the macro level. ANSWER -For regions, states common
nations, and other large population groups
How are many health care providers and organizations assessed?. ANSWER -Using global
measures of health outcomes such as life expectancy and mortality rates
Gold standard. ANSWER -A recognized best performance
Benchmark. ANSWER -A starting point from which to begin the comparison
structure. ANSWER -Meant to designate the conditions under which care is provided
Examples of structure oriented questions. ANSWER -- What is the nurse to patient ratio on a
hospital floor?
- What is the age of the facility?
- What proportion of hospital patients do not have insurance?
Process. ANSWER -Activities that constitute health care usually carried out by professional
personnel but also including other contributions to care, particularly by patients and their
families
Outcomes. ANSWER -Changes, desirable or undesirable, in the health of individuals and
populations that can be attributed to health care
Two types of outcomes used to assess healthcare systems. ANSWER -- Population health
outcomes
-Clinical or healthcare associated outcomes
1
, Population health outcomes. ANSWER -Generalized outcomes that are not attributed to a
specific medical intervention
Clinical outcomes. ANSWER -Result from medical interventions for particular health
conditions
Examples of population health outcomes. ANSWER -Population mortality or morbidity rates,
used in macro level performance evals, Life expectancy, premature death rate, time loss to
premature death
Life expectancy. ANSWER -The number of years of life that individuals in a population can be
expected to live, on average
Premature death. ANSWER -death before the expected age of death for an individual's
population
Mortality (or death) rates. ANSWER -Measures of the frequency of death in a defined
population during a given time, often a year
crude death rate. ANSWER -Number of deaths from all causes for a population during a
defined time period; 100,000 per population
Cause specific death rate. ANSWER -Number of deaths from a particular health condition (i.e.
stroke) for a given population; 100,000 people
Age specific death rate. ANSWER -Number of deaths among individuals in a specific age group
in the population; out of 100,000 people
age-adjusted death rate. ANSWER -Takes into account the population's age distribution when
calculating mortality rate
Infant mortality rate. ANSWER -The number of deaths among infants between birth and
exactly one year of age per all births in the population; out of 1,000 babies
Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE). ANSWER -Average number of years expected to live in 'full
health' by taking into account years lived in less than full health due to disease and/or injury
Quality adjusted life years (QALYs). ANSWER -Emphasize the individuals perceived health
status as the indicator of quality life
Disability adjusted life years (DALYs). ANSWER -Combine mortality and disability measures
years of healthy life (YHL). ANSWER -combines perceived health and disability activity
limitation measures from the National Health Interview Survey
Who does the OECD include?. ANSWER -Wealthy, developed nations such as the United
States, Germany, Japan, and Australia
2
PERFORMANCE (EXAM C) LATEST ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Health Care System Performance. ANSWER -Critical for organizations and the system as a
whole, assessed for confidence and support
How can insights gained from evaluating health systems help?. ANSWER -They help drive
change in professional roles, practice, and training
3 criteria for health care systems. ANSWER -1. Quality
2. Equity
3. Efficiency
Health care systems evaluated at the micro level. ANSWER -For organizations including
hospitals, physician practices, long term care facilities, and other health care settings
Health care systems evaluated at the macro level. ANSWER -For regions, states common
nations, and other large population groups
How are many health care providers and organizations assessed?. ANSWER -Using global
measures of health outcomes such as life expectancy and mortality rates
Gold standard. ANSWER -A recognized best performance
Benchmark. ANSWER -A starting point from which to begin the comparison
structure. ANSWER -Meant to designate the conditions under which care is provided
Examples of structure oriented questions. ANSWER -- What is the nurse to patient ratio on a
hospital floor?
- What is the age of the facility?
- What proportion of hospital patients do not have insurance?
Process. ANSWER -Activities that constitute health care usually carried out by professional
personnel but also including other contributions to care, particularly by patients and their
families
Outcomes. ANSWER -Changes, desirable or undesirable, in the health of individuals and
populations that can be attributed to health care
Two types of outcomes used to assess healthcare systems. ANSWER -- Population health
outcomes
-Clinical or healthcare associated outcomes
1
, Population health outcomes. ANSWER -Generalized outcomes that are not attributed to a
specific medical intervention
Clinical outcomes. ANSWER -Result from medical interventions for particular health
conditions
Examples of population health outcomes. ANSWER -Population mortality or morbidity rates,
used in macro level performance evals, Life expectancy, premature death rate, time loss to
premature death
Life expectancy. ANSWER -The number of years of life that individuals in a population can be
expected to live, on average
Premature death. ANSWER -death before the expected age of death for an individual's
population
Mortality (or death) rates. ANSWER -Measures of the frequency of death in a defined
population during a given time, often a year
crude death rate. ANSWER -Number of deaths from all causes for a population during a
defined time period; 100,000 per population
Cause specific death rate. ANSWER -Number of deaths from a particular health condition (i.e.
stroke) for a given population; 100,000 people
Age specific death rate. ANSWER -Number of deaths among individuals in a specific age group
in the population; out of 100,000 people
age-adjusted death rate. ANSWER -Takes into account the population's age distribution when
calculating mortality rate
Infant mortality rate. ANSWER -The number of deaths among infants between birth and
exactly one year of age per all births in the population; out of 1,000 babies
Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE). ANSWER -Average number of years expected to live in 'full
health' by taking into account years lived in less than full health due to disease and/or injury
Quality adjusted life years (QALYs). ANSWER -Emphasize the individuals perceived health
status as the indicator of quality life
Disability adjusted life years (DALYs). ANSWER -Combine mortality and disability measures
years of healthy life (YHL). ANSWER -combines perceived health and disability activity
limitation measures from the National Health Interview Survey
Who does the OECD include?. ANSWER -Wealthy, developed nations such as the United
States, Germany, Japan, and Australia
2
