PRAXIS 5543 SPECIAL EDUCATION CORE KNOWLEDGE AND
MILD TO MODERATE APPLICATIONS
Dyslexia - Answer -language processing disorder which can affect both speaking and
writing.
Characterized by:
-difficulty learning to read
-trouble understanding written words
It may also be referred to as reading disability or reading disorder.
Dysgraphia - Answer -writing disability that makes it hard for a person to form letters or
write within a defined space
Dyscalculia - Answer -mathematical disability in which the student has a difficult time
solving arithmetic problems and grasping math concepts
Auditory/Visual Processing Disorder - Answer -students that have a perceptual
disability might have difficulty accurately processing and organizing information visually,
auditory, and tactilely (touching)
information - despite having normal vision and hearing
Speech or Language Impairment - Answer -a communication disorder such as
stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment that
adversely affects a child's educational performance
Traumatic Brain Injury - Answer -an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external
physical force (not congenital, degenerative or caused during birth), resulting in total or
partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a
child's educational performance
affects areas (>=1)
cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract thinking; judgment;
problem-solving; sensory, perceptual, and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior;
physical functions; information processing; and speech
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act - Answer -a person cannot be excluded on the basis of
a handicap alone from any program or activity receiving federal funds
-1973
-covers lifetime
-uses 504 Plans
-no funding for schools
, Curriculum Based Measurement (CBM) - Answer -based upon curricular information,
assesses student's response to intervention (formative or summative classroom
assessment)
IQ Achievement Discrepancy Model - Answer -LD = discrepancy between IQ and
actual performance
Education for All Handicapped Children Act - Answer -- 1975
- also: Public Law 94-142 (PL 94-142)
- FAPE for all students with disabilities
- LRE
- Parental Dispute Procedures
- rights of full citizenship and equal access
- < = 21 years of age
Normalization Principle - Answer -all individuals with disabilities have the right to enjoy
full inclusion into society economically, politically, socially, culturally, and educationally
No Child Left Behind Act - Answer -- 2001
- Accountability for federal aid
- majority of students with disabilities must take standardized tests with similar
outcomes
- all teachers must be highly qualified
Due Process - Answer -conflict resolution for families and schools
-informal meeting
-formal mediation (mediator from state within 10 working days)
-formal due process hearing
Brown vs. Board of Ed - Answer --1954
-separate is not equal
BOE v. Rowley - Answer --1982
-definition of FAPE
-schools must provide appropriate education
Honig v. Doe - Answer --1988
-10 days for E/BD
Oberti v BOE - Answer --1992
-LRE must consider gen. ed before self-contained
Winkleman v. Parma City BOE - Answer -parents can represent children in IDEA cases
Irving School District v. Tatro - Answer --1984
- medical services necessary during school hours (catheterization)
MILD TO MODERATE APPLICATIONS
Dyslexia - Answer -language processing disorder which can affect both speaking and
writing.
Characterized by:
-difficulty learning to read
-trouble understanding written words
It may also be referred to as reading disability or reading disorder.
Dysgraphia - Answer -writing disability that makes it hard for a person to form letters or
write within a defined space
Dyscalculia - Answer -mathematical disability in which the student has a difficult time
solving arithmetic problems and grasping math concepts
Auditory/Visual Processing Disorder - Answer -students that have a perceptual
disability might have difficulty accurately processing and organizing information visually,
auditory, and tactilely (touching)
information - despite having normal vision and hearing
Speech or Language Impairment - Answer -a communication disorder such as
stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment that
adversely affects a child's educational performance
Traumatic Brain Injury - Answer -an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external
physical force (not congenital, degenerative or caused during birth), resulting in total or
partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a
child's educational performance
affects areas (>=1)
cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract thinking; judgment;
problem-solving; sensory, perceptual, and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior;
physical functions; information processing; and speech
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act - Answer -a person cannot be excluded on the basis of
a handicap alone from any program or activity receiving federal funds
-1973
-covers lifetime
-uses 504 Plans
-no funding for schools
, Curriculum Based Measurement (CBM) - Answer -based upon curricular information,
assesses student's response to intervention (formative or summative classroom
assessment)
IQ Achievement Discrepancy Model - Answer -LD = discrepancy between IQ and
actual performance
Education for All Handicapped Children Act - Answer -- 1975
- also: Public Law 94-142 (PL 94-142)
- FAPE for all students with disabilities
- LRE
- Parental Dispute Procedures
- rights of full citizenship and equal access
- < = 21 years of age
Normalization Principle - Answer -all individuals with disabilities have the right to enjoy
full inclusion into society economically, politically, socially, culturally, and educationally
No Child Left Behind Act - Answer -- 2001
- Accountability for federal aid
- majority of students with disabilities must take standardized tests with similar
outcomes
- all teachers must be highly qualified
Due Process - Answer -conflict resolution for families and schools
-informal meeting
-formal mediation (mediator from state within 10 working days)
-formal due process hearing
Brown vs. Board of Ed - Answer --1954
-separate is not equal
BOE v. Rowley - Answer --1982
-definition of FAPE
-schools must provide appropriate education
Honig v. Doe - Answer --1988
-10 days for E/BD
Oberti v BOE - Answer --1992
-LRE must consider gen. ed before self-contained
Winkleman v. Parma City BOE - Answer -parents can represent children in IDEA cases
Irving School District v. Tatro - Answer --1984
- medical services necessary during school hours (catheterization)
