NUR1 424 - Midterm Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
What is custodianship? - Answers Taking care of
OR
taking responsibility of
What are the important events in bioethics? - Answers Nuremberg War Crime Tribunals (1945-
1949)
Nutrition Studies in Residential schools (1942-1952)
Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932-1972)
US Studies in Guatemala (1946-1948)
Radiation studies (1944-1974)
REBs in 60s
Declaration of Helsinki (1964)
Belmont Report (1979)
When was the Nuremberg War Crime Tribunals? - Answers 1945-1949
What was the Nuremberg War Crime Tribunal? - Answers Healthcare professionals performed
unethical experiments and Tx during war time
When was Nutrition Studies in Residential Schools? - Answers 1942-1952
What was the nutrition studies in residential schools? - Answers Research on children
Children were severely malnourished and some died as they researched putting in place
childhood nutritional supplements
No consent given
When was the Tuskegee Syphilis study? - Answers 1932-1972
What was the Tuskegee syphilis study? - Answers Black men in the states who were tested on
Syphilis and the trajectory of the illness --> Tx was found, but was not given to the men
- Black people reluctant to be in research because of this
What is cultural humility? - Answers Idea of not knowing, being humbled, and the influence of Hx
on today
,What is the difference between ethics, morality and law? - Answers - Laws create a basic
enforceable standard of behavior (can be just on unjust)
- Morality are values and principles (not enforced by the state --> people usually inherit that from
family, community, friends, etc)
- Ethics is a bit of a combination of both
What are ethocs? - Answers Values, principles, and purpose show us what is right and
meaningful in life.
It's a process of reflection, thinking through and challenging preconceived notions
What are metaethics? - Answers A field of ethics that looks at deep philosophical questions,
defining moral terms and asking questions such as: "what is the meaning?" It focuses on the
analysis of meaning, creating justifications for actions, and making inferences from more
concepts --> What is true or false
What are normative ethics? - Answers A field of ethics that focuses on the formulation and
defense of basic principles, values, virtues, and ideals governing moral behaviour. It seeks to
answer questions such as: "What makes an action right or wrong?", "What situation is good or
bad?", and "What makes someone good or bad?" → what values should a person aspire to →
the lenses in which you see the situation
What are descriptive ethics? - Answers A field of ethics that focuses on factual descriptions and
observations. It is an empirical analysis of what people actually do, and what they perceive as
being the reasons for their actions. It does not try to answer what is good or how best to live,
but rather describes the current reality. → what do people do? Not necessarily judging whether
it is right or wrong → does not necessarily have a judgement but describes what people do
What are applied ethics - Answers A field of ethics that focuses on the practical application of
ethics to specific contexts. It poses questions such as: "In real life and specific contexts, what
is the right thing to do?" → what ought to happen in real life → this is our focus → how do we
respond to bullying in the workplace? Situations like this
What are the fields of ethics? - Answers Metaethics
Normative ethics
Descriptive ethics
Applied ethics
What field of ethics would we focus on? - Answers Applied ethics
What are some components of applied ethics? - Answers Bioethics --> Business/corporate
ethics, environmental ethics, professional ethics
, What are bioethics? - Answers Broader term for health care ethics
Bioethics is developed with the lens of... - Answers physicians and medical profession
Who was Marsha Fowler? - Answers Code scholar --> Looked back at previous codes of ethics
and tried to decipher what is unique about a Nursing Ethics lens
Who were gray nurses? - Answers Founders of public health nurses in Canada --> Religious
sisters (that's why nursing is often described as a calling rather than a profession = nono, no
good)
In what ways is nursing a moral practice? - Answers We are trying to uphold a certain set of
standards and promoting the best for our patients and for ourselves
As nurses we are caregivers --> Caregiver can be inherently considered a moral thing
What is a moral agency? - Answers Involves an obligation to ensure integrity and ethical
soundness in the care we provide and in the interaction with others
What is the difference between CNA code and the OIIQ code? - Answers - CNA: It's more
relational, aspirational and ethically focused
- OIIQ: More legally focused, in legal act and more focused on codes of conduct
What is the difference between ethical codes and conduct codes? - Answers Code of ethics:
- Authorship: professional bodies
- Level: Good nurse
- Disagreement: More subjective
- Consequence of transgression: Disapproval, indignation
- Language: Descriptive, implying normative
- Agent-centered: Can include character
- CNA
Code of conduct:
- Authorship: Regulatory bodies
- Level: Just-good-enough nurse
- Disagreement: More objective
- Consequence of transgression: Official sanction
What is custodianship? - Answers Taking care of
OR
taking responsibility of
What are the important events in bioethics? - Answers Nuremberg War Crime Tribunals (1945-
1949)
Nutrition Studies in Residential schools (1942-1952)
Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932-1972)
US Studies in Guatemala (1946-1948)
Radiation studies (1944-1974)
REBs in 60s
Declaration of Helsinki (1964)
Belmont Report (1979)
When was the Nuremberg War Crime Tribunals? - Answers 1945-1949
What was the Nuremberg War Crime Tribunal? - Answers Healthcare professionals performed
unethical experiments and Tx during war time
When was Nutrition Studies in Residential Schools? - Answers 1942-1952
What was the nutrition studies in residential schools? - Answers Research on children
Children were severely malnourished and some died as they researched putting in place
childhood nutritional supplements
No consent given
When was the Tuskegee Syphilis study? - Answers 1932-1972
What was the Tuskegee syphilis study? - Answers Black men in the states who were tested on
Syphilis and the trajectory of the illness --> Tx was found, but was not given to the men
- Black people reluctant to be in research because of this
What is cultural humility? - Answers Idea of not knowing, being humbled, and the influence of Hx
on today
,What is the difference between ethics, morality and law? - Answers - Laws create a basic
enforceable standard of behavior (can be just on unjust)
- Morality are values and principles (not enforced by the state --> people usually inherit that from
family, community, friends, etc)
- Ethics is a bit of a combination of both
What are ethocs? - Answers Values, principles, and purpose show us what is right and
meaningful in life.
It's a process of reflection, thinking through and challenging preconceived notions
What are metaethics? - Answers A field of ethics that looks at deep philosophical questions,
defining moral terms and asking questions such as: "what is the meaning?" It focuses on the
analysis of meaning, creating justifications for actions, and making inferences from more
concepts --> What is true or false
What are normative ethics? - Answers A field of ethics that focuses on the formulation and
defense of basic principles, values, virtues, and ideals governing moral behaviour. It seeks to
answer questions such as: "What makes an action right or wrong?", "What situation is good or
bad?", and "What makes someone good or bad?" → what values should a person aspire to →
the lenses in which you see the situation
What are descriptive ethics? - Answers A field of ethics that focuses on factual descriptions and
observations. It is an empirical analysis of what people actually do, and what they perceive as
being the reasons for their actions. It does not try to answer what is good or how best to live,
but rather describes the current reality. → what do people do? Not necessarily judging whether
it is right or wrong → does not necessarily have a judgement but describes what people do
What are applied ethics - Answers A field of ethics that focuses on the practical application of
ethics to specific contexts. It poses questions such as: "In real life and specific contexts, what
is the right thing to do?" → what ought to happen in real life → this is our focus → how do we
respond to bullying in the workplace? Situations like this
What are the fields of ethics? - Answers Metaethics
Normative ethics
Descriptive ethics
Applied ethics
What field of ethics would we focus on? - Answers Applied ethics
What are some components of applied ethics? - Answers Bioethics --> Business/corporate
ethics, environmental ethics, professional ethics
, What are bioethics? - Answers Broader term for health care ethics
Bioethics is developed with the lens of... - Answers physicians and medical profession
Who was Marsha Fowler? - Answers Code scholar --> Looked back at previous codes of ethics
and tried to decipher what is unique about a Nursing Ethics lens
Who were gray nurses? - Answers Founders of public health nurses in Canada --> Religious
sisters (that's why nursing is often described as a calling rather than a profession = nono, no
good)
In what ways is nursing a moral practice? - Answers We are trying to uphold a certain set of
standards and promoting the best for our patients and for ourselves
As nurses we are caregivers --> Caregiver can be inherently considered a moral thing
What is a moral agency? - Answers Involves an obligation to ensure integrity and ethical
soundness in the care we provide and in the interaction with others
What is the difference between CNA code and the OIIQ code? - Answers - CNA: It's more
relational, aspirational and ethically focused
- OIIQ: More legally focused, in legal act and more focused on codes of conduct
What is the difference between ethical codes and conduct codes? - Answers Code of ethics:
- Authorship: professional bodies
- Level: Good nurse
- Disagreement: More subjective
- Consequence of transgression: Disapproval, indignation
- Language: Descriptive, implying normative
- Agent-centered: Can include character
- CNA
Code of conduct:
- Authorship: Regulatory bodies
- Level: Just-good-enough nurse
- Disagreement: More objective
- Consequence of transgression: Official sanction
