UTA MICROBIOLOGY NEWEST FINAL EXAM THIS YEAR WITH DETAILED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED RATIONALES ALREADY GRADED A+

UTA MICROBIOLOGY NEWEST
FINAL EXAM THIS YEAR WITH
DETAILED QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED RATIONALES ALREADY
GRADED A+
Question-Mutualism - Answer--both are benefitted
-ex: gut nutrient metabolism


Question-Amensalism - Answer--A is harmed and B is unaffected
-ex: antimicrobial defense on skin


Question-Commensalism - Answer--A is benefitted and B is unaffected
-ex: skin cells as food source


Question-Neutralism - Answer--both are unaffected
-ex:spores in soil


Question-Parasitism - Answer--A is benefitted and B is harmed
-ex: tuberculosis, leprosy, etc.
Question-Prokaryotes Habitats - Answer--found in hot springs, ice caps, deep ocean, skin, and
mucosal surfaces
-are ubiquitous
-why: they are very adaptable and resilient and are able to switch metabolic respiration methods
-diversity is important: stability of ecosystems, carbon and nitrogen fixation, environmental
cleanup

,-human pathogens and climate change


Question-Microbiomes - Answer--The diverse communities of bacteria that live on or within the
body and are essential to bodily function.
-prokaryotes + eukaryote microbes = microbiome
-differ btwn different sites and organisms
-resident: natural there
-transient: not there or there for a short while.
Question-Taxonomy of Prokaryotes - Answer--do not reproduce sexually
-not many distinctive morphological features
-molecular, biochemical, microscopi, and nucleotide sequences together is best approach


Question-Gram Negative Phyla - Answer--Proteobacteria
-Spirochete
-CFB group
-Planctomycetes
-Phototrophic bacteria


Question-Gram Postitive Phyla - Answer--Actinobacteria
-Firmicutes


Question-Atypical - Answer--neither
-tenericutes


Question-Alphaproteobacteria - Answer--gram (-) proteobacteria
-oligotrophs: lives in low nutrient environments
-obligate intracellular and must have host to be metabolically active
-Rickettsia spp.: causative agent for Rocky Mountain spotted fever and typhus fever, transmitted
from tick, others spread through lice

,-Chlamydia spp.: causative agents for lymphogranuloma venereum (STD), spreads rapidly,
endospore like


Question-Agrobacterium - Answer--gram-negative bacillus
-plant pathogen, one species
-A.tumefaciens causes tumors in plants


Question-Rhizobium - Answer--gram-negative, rectangular bacilli with rounded ends forming
clusters
- nitrogen fixing batters that live in soil and form symbiotic relationship with roots of legumes


Question-Betaproteobacteria - Answer--gram (-) proteobacteria
-eutrophs: require many nutrients (copiotrophs)
-Bordetella spp.: causative agents with whooping cough (pertussis) and kneel cough (dogs),
produce toxins to paralyze lung cilia
-Neisseria gonorrhea: causative agent for gonorrhea STD, painful peeing
-Neisseria meningitides: causative agent for bacterial meningitis, difficult to culture, typically
live off our blood


Question-Gammaproteobacteria - Answer--gram negative
-most diverse
-Pseudomonas aeruginosa - common infection of wounds, urinary tract, & respiratory tract
-Pasteurella haemolytica - causative agent for severe pneumonia in animals
-Haemophilus influenza - causative agent for upper & lower respiratory infections (does not
cause influenza)
-Vibrio spp. - commonly found in alkaline environments such as ocean ports & lagoons,
gastrointestinal disease, cellulitis, blood-borne infections
-Vibrio cholera - causative agent of cholera and common to water contamination
-Legionella pneumophila- causative agent for Legionnaire's disease and common to water
contamination

, -Enterobacter family - includes E. coli, & Salmonella spp., Coliforms - "E. coli - like" microbes
that ferment lactose completely, Noncoliforms - fermentation of lactose is incomplete or absent
-E. coli - most mutualistic, some produce Shiga toxin
-Salmonella can have multiple serotypes, many that cause salmonellosis


Question-Deltaproteobacteria - Answer--gram (-) proteobacteria
-small class
-sulfate reducing bacteria
-desulfovibro orale- periodontal disease
-parasitic Bdellovibro app.
-soil dwelling Myxobacteria "slime bacteria"


Question-Epsilonproteobacteria - Answer--gram (-) proteobacteria
-smallest class
-microaerophillic: only like a small amount of oxygen
-Campylobacter spp.: common to food poisoning, aerobic
-Helicobacter spp.: commonly beneficial but can cause ulcers and stomach cancer in susceptible
people


Question-Spirochetes - Answer--gram (-) nonproteobacteria
-extremely thin and hard to stain and culture
-have axial filament similar to flagella
-Treponoma pallidum: causative agent for syphillis
-Borrelia burgdorferi: Lyme disease


Question-CFB group - Answer--gram (-) nonproteobacteria
-Genus: Cytophaga•Cytophaga spp. - gliding system for motility (mechanisms mostly unknown)
-Genus: Fusobacterium•Fusobacteria spp. - inhabit mouth and can cause various oral diseases