2025-2026 Question and Correct answer
EMS1055 MidTerm Exam Study Guide
GRADED A+
What are the medical legal responsibilities of an EMR? - ANSWERSDuty to Act and Standard of Care.
What are the levels of patient consent? - ANSWERSInformed consent, implied consent, and parental
consent.
What blood pressure is required to palpate pulse points? - ANSWERSSpecific blood pressure values vary
by pulse point; generally, systolic pressure must be above a certain threshold.
How do you assess an AVPU score? - ANSWERSBy determining if the patient is Alert, responds to Verbal
stimuli, responds to Pain, or is Unresponsive.
What methods are used to open an airway? - ANSWERSHead-tilt-chin-lift, jaw-thrust maneuver, and
suctioning.
How do you measure an OPA and when should it be used? - ANSWERSMeasure from the corner of the
mouth to the earlobe; use when the patient is unresponsive and has no gag reflex.
How do you measure an NPA and when should it be used? - ANSWERSMeasure from the nostril to the
earlobe; use in patients with altered consciousness who have a gag reflex.
What does FiO2 mean and how does it apply to oxygen devices? - ANSWERSFiO2 refers to the fraction of
inspired oxygen; it indicates the concentration of oxygen delivered to the patient.
What is the Golden Hour in trauma care? - ANSWERSThe critical first hour after a traumatic injury during
which prompt medical treatment is most effective.
, What are the phases of a blast injury? - ANSWERSPrimary (blast wave), secondary (projectiles), tertiary
(body displacement), and quaternary (additional injuries).
What is the ITLS Trauma Assessment? - ANSWERSA systematic approach to assess trauma patients,
including primary and secondary surveys.
What are the names of patient positioning? - ANSWERSSupine, prone, Fowler's, lateral recumbent, and
Trendelenburg.
How do you assess for a GCS? - ANSWERSBy evaluating eye opening, verbal response, and motor
response.
What lung sounds are taught in lecture and what do they mean? - ANSWERSWheezing (narrowed
airways), crackles (fluid in lungs), and stridor (upper airway obstruction).
What are the components of the primary and secondary survey in trauma patients? - ANSWERSPrimary:
Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure; Secondary: History, Head-to-toe assessment.
What does DCAP-BLS-TIC stand for? - ANSWERSDeformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures, Burns,
Lacerations, Swelling, Tenderness, Instability, Crepitus.
What does OPPQRST stand for and when is it used? - ANSWERSOnset, Provocation, Palliation, Quality,
Radiation, Severity, Time; used for assessing pain.
What are the three phases of shock? - ANSWERSCompensated, decompensated, and irreversible.
What types of obstructive shock are there? - ANSWERSTension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, and
pulmonary embolism.
What are the steps to control arterial bleeding? - ANSWERSApply direct pressure, elevate the limb, and
use a tourniquet if necessary.
EMS1055 MidTerm Exam Study Guide
GRADED A+
What are the medical legal responsibilities of an EMR? - ANSWERSDuty to Act and Standard of Care.
What are the levels of patient consent? - ANSWERSInformed consent, implied consent, and parental
consent.
What blood pressure is required to palpate pulse points? - ANSWERSSpecific blood pressure values vary
by pulse point; generally, systolic pressure must be above a certain threshold.
How do you assess an AVPU score? - ANSWERSBy determining if the patient is Alert, responds to Verbal
stimuli, responds to Pain, or is Unresponsive.
What methods are used to open an airway? - ANSWERSHead-tilt-chin-lift, jaw-thrust maneuver, and
suctioning.
How do you measure an OPA and when should it be used? - ANSWERSMeasure from the corner of the
mouth to the earlobe; use when the patient is unresponsive and has no gag reflex.
How do you measure an NPA and when should it be used? - ANSWERSMeasure from the nostril to the
earlobe; use in patients with altered consciousness who have a gag reflex.
What does FiO2 mean and how does it apply to oxygen devices? - ANSWERSFiO2 refers to the fraction of
inspired oxygen; it indicates the concentration of oxygen delivered to the patient.
What is the Golden Hour in trauma care? - ANSWERSThe critical first hour after a traumatic injury during
which prompt medical treatment is most effective.
, What are the phases of a blast injury? - ANSWERSPrimary (blast wave), secondary (projectiles), tertiary
(body displacement), and quaternary (additional injuries).
What is the ITLS Trauma Assessment? - ANSWERSA systematic approach to assess trauma patients,
including primary and secondary surveys.
What are the names of patient positioning? - ANSWERSSupine, prone, Fowler's, lateral recumbent, and
Trendelenburg.
How do you assess for a GCS? - ANSWERSBy evaluating eye opening, verbal response, and motor
response.
What lung sounds are taught in lecture and what do they mean? - ANSWERSWheezing (narrowed
airways), crackles (fluid in lungs), and stridor (upper airway obstruction).
What are the components of the primary and secondary survey in trauma patients? - ANSWERSPrimary:
Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure; Secondary: History, Head-to-toe assessment.
What does DCAP-BLS-TIC stand for? - ANSWERSDeformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures, Burns,
Lacerations, Swelling, Tenderness, Instability, Crepitus.
What does OPPQRST stand for and when is it used? - ANSWERSOnset, Provocation, Palliation, Quality,
Radiation, Severity, Time; used for assessing pain.
What are the three phases of shock? - ANSWERSCompensated, decompensated, and irreversible.
What types of obstructive shock are there? - ANSWERSTension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, and
pulmonary embolism.
What are the steps to control arterial bleeding? - ANSWERSApply direct pressure, elevate the limb, and
use a tourniquet if necessary.
