Java/Java Testing/C++ 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Answers | A+ Score
Assured
What is JAVA - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A high-level programming language
developed by Sun Microsystems. Java was originally called OAK, and was
designed for handheld devices and set-top boxes. Oak was unsuccessful
so in 1995 Sun changed the name to Java and modified the language to
take advantage of the burgeoning World Wide Web.
What are the basic concepts of object oriented programming? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming language model
organized around objects rather than "actions" and data rather than logic.
,Historically, a program has been viewed as a logical procedure that takes
input data, processes it, and produces output data. The programming
challenge was seen as how to write the logic, not how to define the data.
Object-oriented programming takes the view that what we really care about
are the objects we want to manipulate rather than the logic required to
manipulate them.
What is encapsulation? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The wrapping up of data and
functions into a single unit (called class) is known as encapsulation.
Encapsulation containing and hiding information about an object, such as
internal data structures and code.
Define inheritance? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inheritance is the process by which
objects of one class acquire properties of objects of another class.
It allows the extension and reuse of existing code without having to rewrite
the code from scratch.
,Define polymorphism? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Polymorphism simply means "many
forms". In java polymorphism is acheived through method overloading and
overriding.
For example, say you have an Animal class and two sub classes called
Lion and Cat class. All animals make a sound, so lets say there is a make
sound method in all of these classes.
When you call the make sound method from a lion object that is stored in
an Animal reference, it would call the make sound method from the Lion
Class. That is how you would explain polymorphism using overriding.
Define Constructors? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A constructor is a member method
with the same name as its class. The constructor is invoked whenever an
object of its associated class is created.It is called constructor because it
constructs the values of data members of the class.
What is a Class? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A class is a blueprint for an object
What is an Object? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An instance of a class
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, What is multiple inheritance? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A class can inherit properties
from more than one class which is known as multiple inheritance.
What are the advantages of inheritance? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Code reusability
Saves time in program development.
What is the difference between an Array and a List? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The
main difference between an array and a list is how they internally store the
data. whereas Array is collection of homogeneous elements. List is
collection of heterogeneous elements.
What is an iterator? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Iterators are like pointers. They are
used to access the elements of containers thus providing a link between
algorithms and containers. Iterators are defined for specific containers and
used as arguments to algorithms.
What is this pointer? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔It is a pointer that points to the
current object. This can be used to access the members of the current
object with the help of the arrow operator.
What are pass by reference and passby value? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Pass By
Reference means the passing the address itself rather than passing the
value.
Questions and Answers | A+ Score
Assured
What is JAVA - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A high-level programming language
developed by Sun Microsystems. Java was originally called OAK, and was
designed for handheld devices and set-top boxes. Oak was unsuccessful
so in 1995 Sun changed the name to Java and modified the language to
take advantage of the burgeoning World Wide Web.
What are the basic concepts of object oriented programming? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming language model
organized around objects rather than "actions" and data rather than logic.
,Historically, a program has been viewed as a logical procedure that takes
input data, processes it, and produces output data. The programming
challenge was seen as how to write the logic, not how to define the data.
Object-oriented programming takes the view that what we really care about
are the objects we want to manipulate rather than the logic required to
manipulate them.
What is encapsulation? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The wrapping up of data and
functions into a single unit (called class) is known as encapsulation.
Encapsulation containing and hiding information about an object, such as
internal data structures and code.
Define inheritance? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inheritance is the process by which
objects of one class acquire properties of objects of another class.
It allows the extension and reuse of existing code without having to rewrite
the code from scratch.
,Define polymorphism? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Polymorphism simply means "many
forms". In java polymorphism is acheived through method overloading and
overriding.
For example, say you have an Animal class and two sub classes called
Lion and Cat class. All animals make a sound, so lets say there is a make
sound method in all of these classes.
When you call the make sound method from a lion object that is stored in
an Animal reference, it would call the make sound method from the Lion
Class. That is how you would explain polymorphism using overriding.
Define Constructors? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A constructor is a member method
with the same name as its class. The constructor is invoked whenever an
object of its associated class is created.It is called constructor because it
constructs the values of data members of the class.
What is a Class? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A class is a blueprint for an object
What is an Object? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An instance of a class
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, What is multiple inheritance? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A class can inherit properties
from more than one class which is known as multiple inheritance.
What are the advantages of inheritance? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Code reusability
Saves time in program development.
What is the difference between an Array and a List? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The
main difference between an array and a list is how they internally store the
data. whereas Array is collection of homogeneous elements. List is
collection of heterogeneous elements.
What is an iterator? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Iterators are like pointers. They are
used to access the elements of containers thus providing a link between
algorithms and containers. Iterators are defined for specific containers and
used as arguments to algorithms.
What is this pointer? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔It is a pointer that points to the
current object. This can be used to access the members of the current
object with the help of the arrow operator.
What are pass by reference and passby value? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Pass By
Reference means the passing the address itself rather than passing the
value.
