hemo, cardiac, cellular, resp,
immunological Questions and Correct
Answers 2025-2026 Edition.
increase pulmonary blood flow - Answer ASD, VSD, A-V canal, PDA
Decrease pulmonary blood flow - Answer TGA, TOF, PS
low Sats, cyanotic
requires Prostaglandin E-I - Answer TGA: duct art. connects pulm veins to aorta. No
connection between pulm and syst. circuits w/o this.
COA: obstructive/ stenosis of aorta.
HLHS: left side under developed, so unable to send oxygenated blood out to body w/o ductus
arterious.
TGA, COA, HLHS
x-ray findings. - Answer ASD: increased heart size
VSD: none
A-V: none
TOF: boot shaped r/t right side hypertrophy.
PS: cardiomegaly
COA: increased heart size
TGA: egg shaped
HLHS: increased heart size, underdevel. left side.
conditions that need digoxin - Answer VSD, CHF
, toxicity s/sx: change in LOC, weak pulse, N/V/ diarrhea, bradycardia
if child vomits after first dose, wait until second dose, give it and if they comit again go to doctor
to get blood tests for toxicity.
Uses cardiac cath - Answer A-V canal
PDA
PS
ASD
VSD
TGA
COA, TOF, HLHS do NOT use cardiac cath.
first intervention for tet spell - Answer knee to chest position, then calm child down.
synagis: - Answer given to prevent RSV infections. (resp)
expensive. $1500 for 50 ml. 15 ml/kg dosage. given q28 day. October- April.
increased pulmonary blood flow s/sx. - Answer edema, periorbital edema, murmurs,
congestion, fluid retention, frequent respiratory infections (cannot filter blood properly)
SOB, fatigue, chest pain/ pressure, poor weight gain
decreased pulmonary blood flow s/sx. - Answer cyanosis, pallor, polycythemia ( increased Hct
d/t decrease platelet r/t increase RBC production to oxygenated), clubbing
SOB, chest pain, fatigue,
ACE inhib - Answer -prils
captopril, enalapril
decrease BP, vasodilate
S?E angioedema, cough, electrolyte imbalances