ATI CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE THYROID AND
PARATHYROID GLANDS EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
After teaching a client who has diverticulitis, a nurse assesses the client's
understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for
further teaching?
a. "I'll ride my bike or take a long walk at least three times a week."
b. "I must try to include at least 25 g of fiber in my diet every day."
c. "I will take a laxative nightly at bedtime to avoid becoming constipated."
d. "I should use my legs rather than my back muscles when I lift heavy
objects." - ANSWER-c. "I will take a laxative nightly at bedtime to avoid
becoming constipated."
Laxatives are not recommended for patients with diverticulitis because they
can increase pressure in the bowel, causing additional outpouching of the
lumen. Exercise and a high-fiber diet are recommended for clients with
diverticulitis because they promote regular bowel function. Using the leg
muscles rather than the back for lifting prevents abdominal straining.
A nurse cares for an older adult who is admitted to the hospital with
complications of diverticulitis. Which actions would the nurse include in the
client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
a. Administer pain medications as prescribed.
b. Palpate the abdomen for distention.
c. Assess for sudden changes in mental status.
d. Provide the client with a high-fiber diet.
,e. Evaluate stools for occult blood. - ANSWER-a. Administer pain
medications as prescribed.
b. Palpate the abdomen for distention.
c. Assess for sudden changes in mental status.
e. Evaluate stools for occult blood.
When caring for an older adult who has diverticulitis, the nurse would
administer analgesics as prescribed, palpate the abdomen for distention and
tenderness, assess for confusion and sudden changes in mental status, and
check stools for occult or frank bleeding. A low-fiber/residue diet would be
provided when symptoms are present and a high-fiber diet when
inflammation resolves.
A nurse is providing health teaching to a middle-age male-to-female (MtF)
client who has undergone gender-reaffirming surgery. What information is
most important to this patient?
a. "Be sure to have an annual prostate examination."
b. "Continue your normal health screenings."
c. "Try to avoid being around people who are ill."
d. "You should have an annual flu vaccination." - ANSWER-a. "Be sure to have
an annual prostate examination."
Rationale: The MtF client retains the prostate, so annual screening
examinations for prostate cancer remain important. The other statements are
good general health teaching ideas for any patient.
A transgender client is taking transdermal estrogen. What assessment finding
does the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider?
,a. Breast tenderness
b. Headaches
c. Red, swollen calf
d. Swollen ankles - ANSWER-c. Red, swollen calf
Rational : A red, swollen calf could be a sign of a deep-vein thrombosis, a
known adverse effect of estrogen. The nurse reports this finding immediately.
The other signs and symptoms are also side effects of estrogen, but do not
need to be reported as a priority.
A transgender client taking spironolactone is in the internal medicine clinic
reporting heart palpitations. What action by the nurse takes priority?
a. Draw blood to test serum potassium.
b. Have the client lie down and rest.
c. Obtain a STAT electrocardiogram (ECG).
d. Take a set of vital signs. - ANSWER-c. Obtain a STAT electrocardiogram
(ECG).
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and hyperkalemia
can cause cardiac dysrhythmias. The nurse's priority is to obtain an ECG, and
then to facilitate a serum potassium level being drawn. Having the client lie
down and obtaining vital signs are also important care measures, but are not
the most important at this time.
The nurse is teaching a transgender client about taking testosterone. What
statement by the client indicates good understanding?
a. "My periods should stop immediately."
, b. "Some effects can take up to a year to see."
c. "I am glad I don't have to watch my diet."
d. "There are very few side effects since it's a normal hormone." - ANSWER-b.
"Some effects can take up to a year to see."
Rationale: Testosterone is used as masculinizing drug therapy. Some desired
effects may take up to a year to be noticed. Menses should stop within the first
few months of therapy. Testosterone increases the risk of heart disease, so
clients should follow a heart-healthy diet. Testosterone has several side
effects, including acne, seborrhea, weight gain, edema, headaches, and
possible psychosis.
A client is preparing for MtF gender-affirming surgery. The client is worried
about the voice not sounding feminine enough. What action by the nurse is
best?
a. Ask if the client has considered vocal cord surgery to change the voice.
b. Refer the client for vocal therapy with a speech-language pathologist.
c. Teach the client that there will be no effect on the patient's voice.
d. Tell the client that the use of hormones will eventually change the voice. -
ANSWER-b. Refer the client for vocal therapy with a speech-language
pathologist.
Rationale: Male-to-female clients can consult with a speech-language
pathologist for vocal training to help with intonation and pitch. While vocal
surgery is possible, it may not be the best first option due to cost and
invasiveness. Telling the client that there will be no change to the voice does
not give the client information to address the concern. While the hormones
this client is taking will not affect the voice, simply stating that fact does not
help the client manage this issue.
PARATHYROID GLANDS EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
After teaching a client who has diverticulitis, a nurse assesses the client's
understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for
further teaching?
a. "I'll ride my bike or take a long walk at least three times a week."
b. "I must try to include at least 25 g of fiber in my diet every day."
c. "I will take a laxative nightly at bedtime to avoid becoming constipated."
d. "I should use my legs rather than my back muscles when I lift heavy
objects." - ANSWER-c. "I will take a laxative nightly at bedtime to avoid
becoming constipated."
Laxatives are not recommended for patients with diverticulitis because they
can increase pressure in the bowel, causing additional outpouching of the
lumen. Exercise and a high-fiber diet are recommended for clients with
diverticulitis because they promote regular bowel function. Using the leg
muscles rather than the back for lifting prevents abdominal straining.
A nurse cares for an older adult who is admitted to the hospital with
complications of diverticulitis. Which actions would the nurse include in the
client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
a. Administer pain medications as prescribed.
b. Palpate the abdomen for distention.
c. Assess for sudden changes in mental status.
d. Provide the client with a high-fiber diet.
,e. Evaluate stools for occult blood. - ANSWER-a. Administer pain
medications as prescribed.
b. Palpate the abdomen for distention.
c. Assess for sudden changes in mental status.
e. Evaluate stools for occult blood.
When caring for an older adult who has diverticulitis, the nurse would
administer analgesics as prescribed, palpate the abdomen for distention and
tenderness, assess for confusion and sudden changes in mental status, and
check stools for occult or frank bleeding. A low-fiber/residue diet would be
provided when symptoms are present and a high-fiber diet when
inflammation resolves.
A nurse is providing health teaching to a middle-age male-to-female (MtF)
client who has undergone gender-reaffirming surgery. What information is
most important to this patient?
a. "Be sure to have an annual prostate examination."
b. "Continue your normal health screenings."
c. "Try to avoid being around people who are ill."
d. "You should have an annual flu vaccination." - ANSWER-a. "Be sure to have
an annual prostate examination."
Rationale: The MtF client retains the prostate, so annual screening
examinations for prostate cancer remain important. The other statements are
good general health teaching ideas for any patient.
A transgender client is taking transdermal estrogen. What assessment finding
does the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider?
,a. Breast tenderness
b. Headaches
c. Red, swollen calf
d. Swollen ankles - ANSWER-c. Red, swollen calf
Rational : A red, swollen calf could be a sign of a deep-vein thrombosis, a
known adverse effect of estrogen. The nurse reports this finding immediately.
The other signs and symptoms are also side effects of estrogen, but do not
need to be reported as a priority.
A transgender client taking spironolactone is in the internal medicine clinic
reporting heart palpitations. What action by the nurse takes priority?
a. Draw blood to test serum potassium.
b. Have the client lie down and rest.
c. Obtain a STAT electrocardiogram (ECG).
d. Take a set of vital signs. - ANSWER-c. Obtain a STAT electrocardiogram
(ECG).
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and hyperkalemia
can cause cardiac dysrhythmias. The nurse's priority is to obtain an ECG, and
then to facilitate a serum potassium level being drawn. Having the client lie
down and obtaining vital signs are also important care measures, but are not
the most important at this time.
The nurse is teaching a transgender client about taking testosterone. What
statement by the client indicates good understanding?
a. "My periods should stop immediately."
, b. "Some effects can take up to a year to see."
c. "I am glad I don't have to watch my diet."
d. "There are very few side effects since it's a normal hormone." - ANSWER-b.
"Some effects can take up to a year to see."
Rationale: Testosterone is used as masculinizing drug therapy. Some desired
effects may take up to a year to be noticed. Menses should stop within the first
few months of therapy. Testosterone increases the risk of heart disease, so
clients should follow a heart-healthy diet. Testosterone has several side
effects, including acne, seborrhea, weight gain, edema, headaches, and
possible psychosis.
A client is preparing for MtF gender-affirming surgery. The client is worried
about the voice not sounding feminine enough. What action by the nurse is
best?
a. Ask if the client has considered vocal cord surgery to change the voice.
b. Refer the client for vocal therapy with a speech-language pathologist.
c. Teach the client that there will be no effect on the patient's voice.
d. Tell the client that the use of hormones will eventually change the voice. -
ANSWER-b. Refer the client for vocal therapy with a speech-language
pathologist.
Rationale: Male-to-female clients can consult with a speech-language
pathologist for vocal training to help with intonation and pitch. While vocal
surgery is possible, it may not be the best first option due to cost and
invasiveness. Telling the client that there will be no change to the voice does
not give the client information to address the concern. While the hormones
this client is taking will not affect the voice, simply stating that fact does not
help the client manage this issue.
