SEC 275 GFACT UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
The key component of a computer system, which contains
the circuitry necessary to interpret and execute program CPU (Central Processing Unit)
instructions
Motherboards typically come in different, but standard, E-ATX: The largest size, known as 'extended ATX'.
sizes. PC cases usually come with holes pre-drilled for ATX: The 'standard' size.
motherboards to attach to with screws. micro-ATX: Smaller than ATX.
The various sizes of a motherboard are: mini-ITX: Even smaller still.
On the motherboard, the connection points for chips are
Sockets
referred to as .
Collection of wires that carry signals between various
buses
components of the computer system
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Control Unit
What are the nearby peripherals to the CPU?
Address Generation Unit
Memory Managment Unit
A multi-core processor is a single computing component
with two or more independent actual central processing
CPU Cores
units which are the units that read and execute program
instructions.
What does USB stand for? Universal Serial Bus
How many bits are in a byte? 8 bits in a byte
is a way to fit data of a specific
format, shape and size and make sure it works over a
Encoding
specific transfer mechanism or storage mechanism. Think
of it as packaging.
A file header is which of the following?
A. A unique set of characters at the beginning of a file that
identifies the file type
B. A unique set of characters following the file name that
,identifies the file type
C. A 128-bit value that is unique to a specific file based on A. A unique set of characters at the beginning of a file that
its data identifies the file type
D. Synonymous with the file extension
A form of mathematics in which an expression is reduced
Boolean logic
to either True or False.
File Systems and Hard Drives NTFS, FAT32, ext4, HFS+, APFS
A Windows method to share a folder or file over a network
and can apply to local users and network users. The folder
NFTS permissions
or file must be on an NTFS volume. Compare with share
permission.
A 64-bit version of the file allocation table file system
exFAT (Extended File Allocation Table)
designed for use on large USB flash drives.
HFS+ is a journaling system developed by Apple Inc. and
HFS+/APFS APFS is another but more encrypted Apple journaling sys-
tem
ext3 and ext4 File systems commonly used by Linux/Unix
Services for delivering and providing access to software
SaaS (Software as a Service)
remotely as a web-based service
A service model in which hardware services are provided
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) virtually, including network infrastructure devices such as
virtual servers.
A service model in which various platforms are provided
virtually, enabling developers to build and test applica-
PaaS (Platform as a Service)
tions within virtual, online environments tailored to the
specific needs of a project.
What can you manage on an IaaS? Applications, Data, Execution, Middleware, O/S
, provides the capabilities to normal appli-
cations for hardware interactions or more core functions The kernel
on your system, like opening data on a disk.
The kernel is the first part of the operating system code to
be loaded, and has complete control over the computer.
It is responsible for controlling access to the computer's
most sensitive information and functionality, and is loaded
into a protected region of memory to prevent accidental
The Kernel
or malicious corruption by other programs.
The kernel is responsible for the loading of new pro-
grams, handling input and output between peripherals,
and managing access to the hardware's shared resources,
such as the RAM and hard drive.
A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a
particular end.
Each time you run a program on your computer, a new
What is a Process?
process will be created in order for the program to serve
the purpose you intend, which, in this case, would be
surfing the internet. Some programs even create many
processes in order to get more work done.
are a key part of how computers switch
Interrupts
tasks and ask for things to happen.
Signal from hardware or software indicating that an event
What is an interrupt?
has occurred or that a process needs attention.
A signal to the CPU indicating a device needs attention. For
Hardware Interrupt
example, a mouse click or a keystroke.
In general, any instruction that causes exception process-
Software Interrupt ing to occur when it is executed; such instructions may be
used to request the use of system services/resources
The bootloader is
, a program that is loaded by the BIOS when a computer is
first turned on, and is responsible for loading the operat-
ing system.
A bootloader is necessary due to the complexity that would
be involved in creating a BIOS capable of loading hun-
dreds of different operating systems. Due to this, the
bootloader is usually installed at the same time as the
operating system, and is loaded from a known place on
the hard drive by the BIOS.
is a program stored on the motherboard of your computer.
When the computer is first turned on, it is the first program
BIOS/UEFI
that is loaded, and prepares, or initializes, the hardware
ready to load the bootloader.
is a layer that separates the hardware and OS, enabling
more than one OS to share the same resources.
What is virtualization?
is where we create a virtual computer or 'virtual machine'
out of software that behaves like a separate computer.
software that creates and manages a virtual machine on a
What is a hypervisor?
host machine
What is a USB connection type that is reversible when
connecting to it?
USB C
USB A
USB B
USB Type-C is a connection type that is thin and rectangu-
USB C
lar, and cables are reversible when connecting to it.
Micro USB
Mini USB
What is the number system used by computers?
Base 10
The key component of a computer system, which contains
the circuitry necessary to interpret and execute program CPU (Central Processing Unit)
instructions
Motherboards typically come in different, but standard, E-ATX: The largest size, known as 'extended ATX'.
sizes. PC cases usually come with holes pre-drilled for ATX: The 'standard' size.
motherboards to attach to with screws. micro-ATX: Smaller than ATX.
The various sizes of a motherboard are: mini-ITX: Even smaller still.
On the motherboard, the connection points for chips are
Sockets
referred to as .
Collection of wires that carry signals between various
buses
components of the computer system
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Control Unit
What are the nearby peripherals to the CPU?
Address Generation Unit
Memory Managment Unit
A multi-core processor is a single computing component
with two or more independent actual central processing
CPU Cores
units which are the units that read and execute program
instructions.
What does USB stand for? Universal Serial Bus
How many bits are in a byte? 8 bits in a byte
is a way to fit data of a specific
format, shape and size and make sure it works over a
Encoding
specific transfer mechanism or storage mechanism. Think
of it as packaging.
A file header is which of the following?
A. A unique set of characters at the beginning of a file that
identifies the file type
B. A unique set of characters following the file name that
,identifies the file type
C. A 128-bit value that is unique to a specific file based on A. A unique set of characters at the beginning of a file that
its data identifies the file type
D. Synonymous with the file extension
A form of mathematics in which an expression is reduced
Boolean logic
to either True or False.
File Systems and Hard Drives NTFS, FAT32, ext4, HFS+, APFS
A Windows method to share a folder or file over a network
and can apply to local users and network users. The folder
NFTS permissions
or file must be on an NTFS volume. Compare with share
permission.
A 64-bit version of the file allocation table file system
exFAT (Extended File Allocation Table)
designed for use on large USB flash drives.
HFS+ is a journaling system developed by Apple Inc. and
HFS+/APFS APFS is another but more encrypted Apple journaling sys-
tem
ext3 and ext4 File systems commonly used by Linux/Unix
Services for delivering and providing access to software
SaaS (Software as a Service)
remotely as a web-based service
A service model in which hardware services are provided
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) virtually, including network infrastructure devices such as
virtual servers.
A service model in which various platforms are provided
virtually, enabling developers to build and test applica-
PaaS (Platform as a Service)
tions within virtual, online environments tailored to the
specific needs of a project.
What can you manage on an IaaS? Applications, Data, Execution, Middleware, O/S
, provides the capabilities to normal appli-
cations for hardware interactions or more core functions The kernel
on your system, like opening data on a disk.
The kernel is the first part of the operating system code to
be loaded, and has complete control over the computer.
It is responsible for controlling access to the computer's
most sensitive information and functionality, and is loaded
into a protected region of memory to prevent accidental
The Kernel
or malicious corruption by other programs.
The kernel is responsible for the loading of new pro-
grams, handling input and output between peripherals,
and managing access to the hardware's shared resources,
such as the RAM and hard drive.
A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a
particular end.
Each time you run a program on your computer, a new
What is a Process?
process will be created in order for the program to serve
the purpose you intend, which, in this case, would be
surfing the internet. Some programs even create many
processes in order to get more work done.
are a key part of how computers switch
Interrupts
tasks and ask for things to happen.
Signal from hardware or software indicating that an event
What is an interrupt?
has occurred or that a process needs attention.
A signal to the CPU indicating a device needs attention. For
Hardware Interrupt
example, a mouse click or a keystroke.
In general, any instruction that causes exception process-
Software Interrupt ing to occur when it is executed; such instructions may be
used to request the use of system services/resources
The bootloader is
, a program that is loaded by the BIOS when a computer is
first turned on, and is responsible for loading the operat-
ing system.
A bootloader is necessary due to the complexity that would
be involved in creating a BIOS capable of loading hun-
dreds of different operating systems. Due to this, the
bootloader is usually installed at the same time as the
operating system, and is loaded from a known place on
the hard drive by the BIOS.
is a program stored on the motherboard of your computer.
When the computer is first turned on, it is the first program
BIOS/UEFI
that is loaded, and prepares, or initializes, the hardware
ready to load the bootloader.
is a layer that separates the hardware and OS, enabling
more than one OS to share the same resources.
What is virtualization?
is where we create a virtual computer or 'virtual machine'
out of software that behaves like a separate computer.
software that creates and manages a virtual machine on a
What is a hypervisor?
host machine
What is a USB connection type that is reversible when
connecting to it?
USB C
USB A
USB B
USB Type-C is a connection type that is thin and rectangu-
USB C
lar, and cables are reversible when connecting to it.
Micro USB
Mini USB
What is the number system used by computers?
Base 10
