NSD 225 Final Exam 1 Questions and
Actual Detailed Answers 2025\2026
Update.
Hunger - Answer the primary physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food, mostly
regulated by internal cues to eating
Cals per gram for carbs - Answer 4
Cals per gram from lipids - Answer 9
Cals per gram for proteins - Answer 4
Appetite - Answer the primary physiological (external) influences that encourage us to find
and eat food, often in the absence of obvious hunger
Satiety - Answer state in which there is no longer a desire to eat, a feeling of satisfaction
Nutrients - Answer chemical substances in food that contribute to health, many of which are
essential parts of a diet, nutrients nourish us by providing calories to fulfill energy needs,
materials for building body parts, and factors to regulate necessary chemical processes in the
body
Essential nutrient - Answer in nutritional terms, a substance that, when left out of a diet, leads
to signs of poor health, the body either cannot produce this nutrient or cannot produce enough
of it to meet its needs, then if added back to a diet before permanent damage occurs, the
affected aspects of health are restored
Glucose - Answer a six-carbon sugar that exists in a ring form; found as such in blood, and in
table sugar bound to fructose; also known as dextrose, it is one of the simple sugars
Carbohydrate - Answer a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Most
are known as sugars, starches and fibers
, Protein - Answer food and body compounds made of amino acids, proteins contain carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes other atoms, in a specific configuration, contains the
form of nitrogen most easily used by the human body
Vitamin - Answer compound needed in very small amounts in the diet to help regulate and
support chemical reactions in the body
Mineral - Answer element used to promote chemical reactions and to form body structures
Water - Answer the universal solvent; chemically h2o, the body is composed of about 60%
water, need 9-13 cups per day
Kilocalorie (kcal) - Answer heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of
water one degree Celsius; also written as calorie
Simple sugar - Answer monosaccharide or disaccharide in the diet
Complex carbohydrate - Answer composed of many monosaccharide molecules, ex: glycogen,
starch and fiber
Macronutrient - Answer a nutrient needed in gram quantities in a diet
Micronutrient - Answer a nutrient needed in milligram or microgram quantities in the diet
Bond - Answer a linkage between 2 atoms formed by the sharing of electrons or attractions
Fiber - Answer substances in plant foods not digested by the processes that take place in the
human stomach or small intestine, add bulk to feces, fiber naturally found in foods is also called
dietary fiber
Enzyme - Answer a compound that speeds the rate of a chemical reaction but is not altered by
the reaction, almost all enzymes are proteins
Amino acid - Answer the building block for proteins containing a central carbon atom with
Actual Detailed Answers 2025\2026
Update.
Hunger - Answer the primary physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food, mostly
regulated by internal cues to eating
Cals per gram for carbs - Answer 4
Cals per gram from lipids - Answer 9
Cals per gram for proteins - Answer 4
Appetite - Answer the primary physiological (external) influences that encourage us to find
and eat food, often in the absence of obvious hunger
Satiety - Answer state in which there is no longer a desire to eat, a feeling of satisfaction
Nutrients - Answer chemical substances in food that contribute to health, many of which are
essential parts of a diet, nutrients nourish us by providing calories to fulfill energy needs,
materials for building body parts, and factors to regulate necessary chemical processes in the
body
Essential nutrient - Answer in nutritional terms, a substance that, when left out of a diet, leads
to signs of poor health, the body either cannot produce this nutrient or cannot produce enough
of it to meet its needs, then if added back to a diet before permanent damage occurs, the
affected aspects of health are restored
Glucose - Answer a six-carbon sugar that exists in a ring form; found as such in blood, and in
table sugar bound to fructose; also known as dextrose, it is one of the simple sugars
Carbohydrate - Answer a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Most
are known as sugars, starches and fibers
, Protein - Answer food and body compounds made of amino acids, proteins contain carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes other atoms, in a specific configuration, contains the
form of nitrogen most easily used by the human body
Vitamin - Answer compound needed in very small amounts in the diet to help regulate and
support chemical reactions in the body
Mineral - Answer element used to promote chemical reactions and to form body structures
Water - Answer the universal solvent; chemically h2o, the body is composed of about 60%
water, need 9-13 cups per day
Kilocalorie (kcal) - Answer heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of
water one degree Celsius; also written as calorie
Simple sugar - Answer monosaccharide or disaccharide in the diet
Complex carbohydrate - Answer composed of many monosaccharide molecules, ex: glycogen,
starch and fiber
Macronutrient - Answer a nutrient needed in gram quantities in a diet
Micronutrient - Answer a nutrient needed in milligram or microgram quantities in the diet
Bond - Answer a linkage between 2 atoms formed by the sharing of electrons or attractions
Fiber - Answer substances in plant foods not digested by the processes that take place in the
human stomach or small intestine, add bulk to feces, fiber naturally found in foods is also called
dietary fiber
Enzyme - Answer a compound that speeds the rate of a chemical reaction but is not altered by
the reaction, almost all enzymes are proteins
Amino acid - Answer the building block for proteins containing a central carbon atom with
