BOOK FOR POWER SYSTEM
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 7TH
EDITION BY J. DUNCAN GLOVER,
MULUKUTLA S. SARMA, THOMAS
OVERBYE, ADAM BIRCHFIELD
, CON TEN TS iii
Table of c onte nts
chapter 1 introduction 1
chapter 2 fundamentals 31
chapter 3 power transformers 90
chapter 4 transmission line parameters 159
chapter 5 transmission lines: steady-state operation 233
chapter 6 power flows 294
chapter 7 symmetrical faults 379
chapter 8 symmetrical components 419
chapter 9 unsymmetrical faults 471
chapter 10 system protection 516
chapter 11 transient stability 579
chapter 12 power system controls 639
chapter 13 transmission lines: transient operation 690
chapter 14 power distribution 757
3
, xiv PREFACE
p re face
The objective of this book is to present methods of power system analysis and
design, particularly with the aid of a personal computer, in su‰cient depth
to give the student the basic theory at the undergraduate level. The approach
is designed to develop students’ thinking processes, enabling them to reach a
sound understanding of a broad range of topics related to power system
engineering, while motivating their interest in the electrical power industry.
Because we believe that fundamental physical concepts underlie creative
engineering and form the most valuable and permanent part of an engineering
education, we highlight physical concepts while giving due attention to math -
ematical techniques. Both theory and modeling are developed from simple be-
ginnings so that they can be readily extended to new and complex situations.
This edition of the text features new chapter 14 entitled, power distribu-
tion. During the last decade, major improvements in distribution reliability
have come through automated distribution and more recently through the
introduction of ‘‘smart grids.’’ chapter 14 introduces the basic features of pri-
mary and secondary distribution systems as well as basic distribution compo -
nents including distribution substation transformers, distribution transformers,
and shunt capacitors. We list some of the major distribution software vendors
followed by an introduction to distribution reliability, distribution automation,
and smart grids.
This edition also features the following: (1) wind-energy systems model-
ing in the chapter on transient stability; (2) discussion of reactive/pitch control
of wind generation in the chapter on powers system controls; (3) updated case
studies for nine chapters along with four case studies from the previous edition
describing present-day, practical applications and new technologies; (4) an
updated powerworld simulator package; and (5) updated problems at the end
of chapters.
One of the most challenging aspects of engineering education is giving
students an intuitive feel for the systems they are studying. Engineering sys -
tems are, for the most part, complex. While paper-and-pencil exercises can
be quite useful for highlighting the fundamentals, they often fall short in
imparting the desired intuitive insight. To help provide this insight, the book
uses powerworld simulator to integrate computer-based examples, problems,
and design projects throughout the text.
Powerworld simulator was originally developed at the university of
illinois at urbana–champaign to teach the basics of power systems to
nontechnical people involved in the electricity industry, with version 1.0 in -
troduced in june 1994. The program’s interactive and graphical design made
It an immediate hit as an educational tool, but a funny thing happened —its
interactive and graphical design also appealed to engineers doing analysis of
real power systems. To meet the needs of a growing group of users,
powerworld simulator was commercialized in 1996 by the formation of
powerworld corporation. Thus while retaining its appeal for education, over
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
, PREFACE xv
the years powerworld simulator has evolved into a top -notch analysis pack-
age, able to handle power systems of any size. Powerworld simulator is now
used throughout the power industry, with a range of users encompassing uni-
versities, utilities of all sizes, government regulators, power marketers, and
consulting firms.
In integrating powerworld simulator with the text, our design philoso -
phy has been to use the software to extend, rather than replace, the fully
worked examples provided in previous editions. Therefore, except when the
problem size makes it impractical, each powerworld simulator example in-
cludes a fully worked hand solution of the problem along with a powerworld
simulator case. This format allows students to simultaneously see the details
of how a problem is solved and a computer implementation of the solution.
The added benefit from powerworld simulator is its ability to easily extend
the example. Through its interactive design, students can quickly vary example
parameters and immediately see the impact such changes have on the
solution. By reworking the examples with the new parameters, students get im-
mediate feedback on whether they understand the solution process. The inter-
active and visual design of powerworld simulator also makes it an excellent
tool for instructors to use for in-class demonstrations. With numerous exam-
ples utilizing powerworld simulator instructors can easily demonstrate many
of the text topics. Additional powerworld simulator functionality is in-
troduced in the text problems and design projects.
The text is intended to be fully covered in a two-semester or three-
quarter course o¤ered to seniors and first-year graduate students. The orga-
nization of chapters and individual sections is flexible enough to give the
instructor su‰cient latitude in choosing topics to cover, especially in a one-
semester course. The text is supported by an ample number of worked exam-
ples covering most of the theoretical points raised. The many problems to be
worked with a calculator as well as problems to be worked using a personal
computer have been expanded in this edition.
As background for this course, it is assumed that students have had
courses in electric network theory (including transient analysis) and ordinary
di¤erential equations and have been exposed to linear systems, matrix algebra,
and computer programming. In addition, it would be helpful, but not neces -
sary, to have had an electric machines course.
After an introduction to the history of electric power systems along
with present and future trends, chapter 2 on fundamentals orients the stude nts
to the terminology and serves as a brief review. The chapter reviews phasor
concepts, power, and single-phase as well as three-phase circuits.
Chapters 3 through 6 examine power transformers, transmission -line
parameters, steady-state operation of transmission lines, and power ws
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 7TH
EDITION BY J. DUNCAN GLOVER,
MULUKUTLA S. SARMA, THOMAS
OVERBYE, ADAM BIRCHFIELD
, CON TEN TS iii
Table of c onte nts
chapter 1 introduction 1
chapter 2 fundamentals 31
chapter 3 power transformers 90
chapter 4 transmission line parameters 159
chapter 5 transmission lines: steady-state operation 233
chapter 6 power flows 294
chapter 7 symmetrical faults 379
chapter 8 symmetrical components 419
chapter 9 unsymmetrical faults 471
chapter 10 system protection 516
chapter 11 transient stability 579
chapter 12 power system controls 639
chapter 13 transmission lines: transient operation 690
chapter 14 power distribution 757
3
, xiv PREFACE
p re face
The objective of this book is to present methods of power system analysis and
design, particularly with the aid of a personal computer, in su‰cient depth
to give the student the basic theory at the undergraduate level. The approach
is designed to develop students’ thinking processes, enabling them to reach a
sound understanding of a broad range of topics related to power system
engineering, while motivating their interest in the electrical power industry.
Because we believe that fundamental physical concepts underlie creative
engineering and form the most valuable and permanent part of an engineering
education, we highlight physical concepts while giving due attention to math -
ematical techniques. Both theory and modeling are developed from simple be-
ginnings so that they can be readily extended to new and complex situations.
This edition of the text features new chapter 14 entitled, power distribu-
tion. During the last decade, major improvements in distribution reliability
have come through automated distribution and more recently through the
introduction of ‘‘smart grids.’’ chapter 14 introduces the basic features of pri-
mary and secondary distribution systems as well as basic distribution compo -
nents including distribution substation transformers, distribution transformers,
and shunt capacitors. We list some of the major distribution software vendors
followed by an introduction to distribution reliability, distribution automation,
and smart grids.
This edition also features the following: (1) wind-energy systems model-
ing in the chapter on transient stability; (2) discussion of reactive/pitch control
of wind generation in the chapter on powers system controls; (3) updated case
studies for nine chapters along with four case studies from the previous edition
describing present-day, practical applications and new technologies; (4) an
updated powerworld simulator package; and (5) updated problems at the end
of chapters.
One of the most challenging aspects of engineering education is giving
students an intuitive feel for the systems they are studying. Engineering sys -
tems are, for the most part, complex. While paper-and-pencil exercises can
be quite useful for highlighting the fundamentals, they often fall short in
imparting the desired intuitive insight. To help provide this insight, the book
uses powerworld simulator to integrate computer-based examples, problems,
and design projects throughout the text.
Powerworld simulator was originally developed at the university of
illinois at urbana–champaign to teach the basics of power systems to
nontechnical people involved in the electricity industry, with version 1.0 in -
troduced in june 1994. The program’s interactive and graphical design made
It an immediate hit as an educational tool, but a funny thing happened —its
interactive and graphical design also appealed to engineers doing analysis of
real power systems. To meet the needs of a growing group of users,
powerworld simulator was commercialized in 1996 by the formation of
powerworld corporation. Thus while retaining its appeal for education, over
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
, PREFACE xv
the years powerworld simulator has evolved into a top -notch analysis pack-
age, able to handle power systems of any size. Powerworld simulator is now
used throughout the power industry, with a range of users encompassing uni-
versities, utilities of all sizes, government regulators, power marketers, and
consulting firms.
In integrating powerworld simulator with the text, our design philoso -
phy has been to use the software to extend, rather than replace, the fully
worked examples provided in previous editions. Therefore, except when the
problem size makes it impractical, each powerworld simulator example in-
cludes a fully worked hand solution of the problem along with a powerworld
simulator case. This format allows students to simultaneously see the details
of how a problem is solved and a computer implementation of the solution.
The added benefit from powerworld simulator is its ability to easily extend
the example. Through its interactive design, students can quickly vary example
parameters and immediately see the impact such changes have on the
solution. By reworking the examples with the new parameters, students get im-
mediate feedback on whether they understand the solution process. The inter-
active and visual design of powerworld simulator also makes it an excellent
tool for instructors to use for in-class demonstrations. With numerous exam-
ples utilizing powerworld simulator instructors can easily demonstrate many
of the text topics. Additional powerworld simulator functionality is in-
troduced in the text problems and design projects.
The text is intended to be fully covered in a two-semester or three-
quarter course o¤ered to seniors and first-year graduate students. The orga-
nization of chapters and individual sections is flexible enough to give the
instructor su‰cient latitude in choosing topics to cover, especially in a one-
semester course. The text is supported by an ample number of worked exam-
ples covering most of the theoretical points raised. The many problems to be
worked with a calculator as well as problems to be worked using a personal
computer have been expanded in this edition.
As background for this course, it is assumed that students have had
courses in electric network theory (including transient analysis) and ordinary
di¤erential equations and have been exposed to linear systems, matrix algebra,
and computer programming. In addition, it would be helpful, but not neces -
sary, to have had an electric machines course.
After an introduction to the history of electric power systems along
with present and future trends, chapter 2 on fundamentals orients the stude nts
to the terminology and serves as a brief review. The chapter reviews phasor
concepts, power, and single-phase as well as three-phase circuits.
Chapters 3 through 6 examine power transformers, transmission -line
parameters, steady-state operation of transmission lines, and power ws
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
