COMPREHENSIVE QUESTION BANK AND SOLUTION
GUIDE FOR ATR 257 TEST 4
on the field examinations (2 types) - ANSWER primary and secondary surveys
primary survey - ANSWER done to first identify immediately life-threatening
situations
what is examined for primary survey - ANSWER unconscious, airway
obstruction, not breathing, no circulation, profuse bleeding
secondary survey - ANSWER helps establish the nature of the injury in more
detail, is the situation potentially life-threatening
determine level of consciousness (LOC) - ANSWER APVU (patient is Alert,
responds to Verbal stimulus, responds to Painful stimulus, patient is
unresponsive (not responding to both verbal or painful))
determine CAB - ANSWER circulation, airway, breathing
what should be checked when assessing circulation - ANSWER assess pulse,
carotid pulse at neck, 6-10 seconds
what should be checked when assessing airway - ANSWER open the airway,
modified jaw thrust, life lower jaw while keeping the neck still
what should be checked when assessing breathing - ANSWER look to see if
chest rises, listen for breathing in & out, feel for breath on your cheek, 6-10
seconds
determine presence ofbleeding or shock - ANSWER internal and external
bleeding, signs of shock
internal bleeding ANSWER difficult to
- establish with naked eye, may look
like swelling, may be undetectable
, external bleeding - ANSWER major bleeding from chest, abdomen &
extremities
assessing shock - ANSWER several different types of shock (primarily
concerned with hypovolemic shock), less blood is available to the tissues (cells
deprived of oxygen, widespread tissue death)
signs of shock - ANSWER cool/clammy skin, weak/rapid pulse, increased
respiration rate, decreased blood pressure
life-threatening emergencies may require if LOC & CАВ or
indicate the need ANSWER cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or
-
automated external defibrillator (AED)
what determines limb-threatening injuries? - ANSWER major bleeding, loss of
distal pulse, loss of distal sensation
what is examined for secondary survey - ANSWER vital signs, other
'emergency' signs, head-to-toe evaluation, SAMPLE history
assessing vital signs includes: - ANSWER pulse, blood pressure, respiration
normal resting rate for pulse - ANSWER 60-100 bpm
normal resting rate for respiration - ANSWER 12-14 per minute
normal resting BP - ANSWER 120/80
assessing pulse - ANSWER carotid, rate is 30-60 seconds, don't use thumb,
pulse increases during activity, well-conditioned athletes may have lower
resting pulses, also distal to the injury
assessing respiration ANSWER put hand on back to feel
- chest rise & fall, rate
is 30-60 seconds, respirations increase during activity
GUIDE FOR ATR 257 TEST 4
on the field examinations (2 types) - ANSWER primary and secondary surveys
primary survey - ANSWER done to first identify immediately life-threatening
situations
what is examined for primary survey - ANSWER unconscious, airway
obstruction, not breathing, no circulation, profuse bleeding
secondary survey - ANSWER helps establish the nature of the injury in more
detail, is the situation potentially life-threatening
determine level of consciousness (LOC) - ANSWER APVU (patient is Alert,
responds to Verbal stimulus, responds to Painful stimulus, patient is
unresponsive (not responding to both verbal or painful))
determine CAB - ANSWER circulation, airway, breathing
what should be checked when assessing circulation - ANSWER assess pulse,
carotid pulse at neck, 6-10 seconds
what should be checked when assessing airway - ANSWER open the airway,
modified jaw thrust, life lower jaw while keeping the neck still
what should be checked when assessing breathing - ANSWER look to see if
chest rises, listen for breathing in & out, feel for breath on your cheek, 6-10
seconds
determine presence ofbleeding or shock - ANSWER internal and external
bleeding, signs of shock
internal bleeding ANSWER difficult to
- establish with naked eye, may look
like swelling, may be undetectable
, external bleeding - ANSWER major bleeding from chest, abdomen &
extremities
assessing shock - ANSWER several different types of shock (primarily
concerned with hypovolemic shock), less blood is available to the tissues (cells
deprived of oxygen, widespread tissue death)
signs of shock - ANSWER cool/clammy skin, weak/rapid pulse, increased
respiration rate, decreased blood pressure
life-threatening emergencies may require if LOC & CАВ or
indicate the need ANSWER cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or
-
automated external defibrillator (AED)
what determines limb-threatening injuries? - ANSWER major bleeding, loss of
distal pulse, loss of distal sensation
what is examined for secondary survey - ANSWER vital signs, other
'emergency' signs, head-to-toe evaluation, SAMPLE history
assessing vital signs includes: - ANSWER pulse, blood pressure, respiration
normal resting rate for pulse - ANSWER 60-100 bpm
normal resting rate for respiration - ANSWER 12-14 per minute
normal resting BP - ANSWER 120/80
assessing pulse - ANSWER carotid, rate is 30-60 seconds, don't use thumb,
pulse increases during activity, well-conditioned athletes may have lower
resting pulses, also distal to the injury
assessing respiration ANSWER put hand on back to feel
- chest rise & fall, rate
is 30-60 seconds, respirations increase during activity
