BIOD 151
PORTAGE LEARNING
Skeletal System
MOD 4
Final Exam Review
Q&A
2024
,Multiple Choice Questions
1. A 56-year-old female presents with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Which
cellular activity is most increased in the pathogenesis of her disease?
A) Osteoblast activity
B) Osteoclast activity
C) Chondroblast activity
D) Fibroblast activity
ANS: B) Osteoclast activity
Rationale: Osteoporosis is primarily due to increased bone resorption by
osteoclasts, exceeding formation by osteoblasts.
2. During bone fracture healing, which of the following represents the
correct sequence of events?
A) Hematoma → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bony callus → Bone
remodeling
B) Hematoma → Bone remodeling → Bony callus → Fibrocartilaginous
callus
C) Hematoma → Bony callus → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bone
remodeling
D) Bone remodeling → Hematoma → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bony
callus
ANS: A) Hematoma → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bony callus → Bone
remodeling
Rationale: This is the accepted sequential process of fracture healing.
3. Which of the following joints allows for the widest range of motion?
A) Pivot joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Saddle joint
D) Ball-and-socket joint
,ANS: D) Ball-and-socket joint
Rationale: Ball-and-socket joints (e.g., shoulder and hip) permit multiaxial
movement.
4. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium levels by stimulating
which of the following?
A) Decreasing renal reabsorption of calcium
B) Decreasing osteoclast activity
C) Stimulating osteoblasts
D) Increasing osteoclast activity
ANS: D) Increasing osteoclast activity
Rationale: PTH stimulates osteoclasts, leading to bone resorption and
elevated serum calcium.
5. Which of the following bones forms via intramembranous ossification?
A) Femur
B) Tibia
C) Skull bones
D) Vertebrae
ANS: C) Skull bones
Rationale: Skull bones (flat bones) are formed by intramembranous
ossification, not endochondral.
True/False Questions
6. Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by brittle bones due to abnormal
collagen type III production.
ANS: False
Rationale: It is due to defective type I collagen synthesis, not type III.
7. The periosteum is a vascularized membrane that covers the external
surface of all bones except at the joints.
ANS: True
, Rationale: The periosteum is vascularized and covers bone surfaces except
articular regions.
8. Synovial fluid is secreted by the articular cartilage covering the ends of
bones.
ANS: False
Rationale: Synovial fluid is secreted by the synovial membrane, not articular
cartilage.
9. Spongy bone contains osteons.
ANS: False
Rationale: Compact bone contains osteons, whereas spongy bone has
trabeculae.
10. The epiphyseal plate is responsible for the longitudinal growth of long
bones.
ANS: True
Rationale: The epiphyseal (growth) plate allows for lengthwise growth in
children/adolescents.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
11. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called the _______.
ANS: osteon (Haversian system)
Rationale: Osteons are cylindrical structures in compact bone.
12. The primary storage site of calcium in the body is the _______.
ANS: bone (skeletal system)
Rationale: Bones store 99% of the body's calcium.
13. _______ is the process by which cartilage is replaced by bone during
fetal development.
ANS: Endochondral ossification
Rationale: Endochondral ossification forms most bones via cartilage models.
PORTAGE LEARNING
Skeletal System
MOD 4
Final Exam Review
Q&A
2024
,Multiple Choice Questions
1. A 56-year-old female presents with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Which
cellular activity is most increased in the pathogenesis of her disease?
A) Osteoblast activity
B) Osteoclast activity
C) Chondroblast activity
D) Fibroblast activity
ANS: B) Osteoclast activity
Rationale: Osteoporosis is primarily due to increased bone resorption by
osteoclasts, exceeding formation by osteoblasts.
2. During bone fracture healing, which of the following represents the
correct sequence of events?
A) Hematoma → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bony callus → Bone
remodeling
B) Hematoma → Bone remodeling → Bony callus → Fibrocartilaginous
callus
C) Hematoma → Bony callus → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bone
remodeling
D) Bone remodeling → Hematoma → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bony
callus
ANS: A) Hematoma → Fibrocartilaginous callus → Bony callus → Bone
remodeling
Rationale: This is the accepted sequential process of fracture healing.
3. Which of the following joints allows for the widest range of motion?
A) Pivot joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Saddle joint
D) Ball-and-socket joint
,ANS: D) Ball-and-socket joint
Rationale: Ball-and-socket joints (e.g., shoulder and hip) permit multiaxial
movement.
4. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium levels by stimulating
which of the following?
A) Decreasing renal reabsorption of calcium
B) Decreasing osteoclast activity
C) Stimulating osteoblasts
D) Increasing osteoclast activity
ANS: D) Increasing osteoclast activity
Rationale: PTH stimulates osteoclasts, leading to bone resorption and
elevated serum calcium.
5. Which of the following bones forms via intramembranous ossification?
A) Femur
B) Tibia
C) Skull bones
D) Vertebrae
ANS: C) Skull bones
Rationale: Skull bones (flat bones) are formed by intramembranous
ossification, not endochondral.
True/False Questions
6. Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by brittle bones due to abnormal
collagen type III production.
ANS: False
Rationale: It is due to defective type I collagen synthesis, not type III.
7. The periosteum is a vascularized membrane that covers the external
surface of all bones except at the joints.
ANS: True
, Rationale: The periosteum is vascularized and covers bone surfaces except
articular regions.
8. Synovial fluid is secreted by the articular cartilage covering the ends of
bones.
ANS: False
Rationale: Synovial fluid is secreted by the synovial membrane, not articular
cartilage.
9. Spongy bone contains osteons.
ANS: False
Rationale: Compact bone contains osteons, whereas spongy bone has
trabeculae.
10. The epiphyseal plate is responsible for the longitudinal growth of long
bones.
ANS: True
Rationale: The epiphyseal (growth) plate allows for lengthwise growth in
children/adolescents.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
11. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called the _______.
ANS: osteon (Haversian system)
Rationale: Osteons are cylindrical structures in compact bone.
12. The primary storage site of calcium in the body is the _______.
ANS: bone (skeletal system)
Rationale: Bones store 99% of the body's calcium.
13. _______ is the process by which cartilage is replaced by bone during
fetal development.
ANS: Endochondral ossification
Rationale: Endochondral ossification forms most bones via cartilage models.
