NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS |\ |\




Blood Flow |\




Lungs ® Pulmonary Veins ® Left Atrium ® Aorta ® Body Tissues ® Vena Cava
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® Right Atrium ® Right Ventricle ® Pulmonary Arteries ® Lungs
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Symptoms with right vs left side heart blockage|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




· Blockage on the left side of the heart backs up and causes lung symptoms
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· Blockage on the right side of the heart backs up and causes body symptoms
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(peripheral edema)
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HNC8 HTN Guidelines |\ |\




Defined as 140/90 |\ |\



Treatment algorithm: |\



Less than 60 years old - 140/90
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> 60 years old - Defined as 150/90 (more leniency b/c we do not want to
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drop their BP too low)
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What hypertension medication should someone with DM and/or CKD be
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on?

ACE or ARB (protects kidneys)
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,What HTN medication should an African American pt be on?
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CCB

What HTN medications should be used in patients with heart failure?
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Carvediolol and Thiazide diuretics|\ |\ |\




Common side effects from ACE inhibitors
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cough, angioedema
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What HTN medication is contraindicated if an ACE inhibitor caused
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angioedema?

ARB

What HTN medication should a heart failure pt NEVER be on?
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CCB
(These cause the heart to "relax" which is not good in HF pts)
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2 types of CCBs
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Dihydropyridines & Non-dihydropyridines |\ |\




What are dihydropyridine CCBs used for?
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BP control
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Example of a dihydropyridine CCB and side effects
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Amlodipine
Bradycardic side effects, peripheral edema, constipation
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What are non-dihydropyridine CCBs used for?
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arrhythmias

Example of a non-dihydropyridine CCB and side effects
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,cardizem
Tachycardic side effects/palpitations - these meds were peripherally and have
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a rebound tachycardia
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The atria (top chambers of the heart) work on which electrolytes?
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K+ (potassium) and Ca (calcium)
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The ventricles (bottom chambers of the heart) work on which electrolytes?
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Na (sodium) and K+ (potassium)
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Conditions in the atria needs medications that work on K+ or Ca such as ..
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Cardizem (CCB) or Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
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Conditions in the ventricles needs medications that work on K+ or Na such
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as .. |\




Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker) |\ |\ |\




What class of medications could be used for atrial and ventricular
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conditions?

Beta-blockers or potassium channel blocker (Amiodarone) |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with reduced EF?
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< 40%|\




What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with preserved EF?
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40 or greater
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HF patients with reduced EF need to be on what medications?
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Carvedilol, loop diuretic, ACE, or ARB |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What type of diuretics are more potent?
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Loop diuretics |\




Which hypertensive medications are "cardio-protective"?
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, ACEs and ARBs |\ |\




Functional classes of HF (NYHA): |\ |\ |\ |\




I: No sx
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II: Sx w/ moderate exertion
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III: Sx w ADLs
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IV: Sx at rest
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What is the ASCVD risk score?
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measurement of a pt's 10 yr risk of an adverse cardiac event |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What are the high-intensity statins?
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Atorvastatin 40-80 mg |\ |\



Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg |\ |\




What happens during S1 heart sounds?
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mitral valve closes and aortic valve opens
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Which structural heart condition can cause syncope or near-syncope?
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Aortic stenosis |\




Which structural heart condition cause a harsh, high-pitches sound that can
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be heard in the neck or on the right side of the chest near the 2nd
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intercostal space? |\




Aortic regurgitation/insufficiency
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Which structural heart condition is very loud and can be heard on the lower
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left side of the chest?
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Mitral regurgitation/insufficiency
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What are the 2 most common places for a AAA?
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infra-renal and ascending aorta |\ |\ |\




Which aortic aneurysm requires surgery right away?
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