Hemodynamic Monitoring Exam Rated
A+ Brand New!!
What is the importance of hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer- It is crucial for
assessing cardiovascular function and guiding treatment in critically ill patients by
measuring parameters like blood pressure and cardiac output.
What parameters are commonly measured in hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer-
Blood pressure, cardiac output, and central venous pressure.
Why must the transducer be zeroed in hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer- To offset
atmospheric pressure and ensure accurate readings.
What are common devices used for hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer- Arterial lines
and pulmonary artery catheters.
What does the Allen test assess? - Answer- Collateral circulation in the hand before
arterial line placement.
What indicates a positive Allen test? - Answer- Color returning to the hand within 10-15
seconds.
What is the most specific marker for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI)? -
Answer- Troponin levels.
What ECG changes indicate an inferior wall myocardial infarction? - Answer- Changes
in leads II, III, and aVF.
What is the role of nitroglycerin in myocardial infarction treatment? - Answer- To relieve
chest pain and improve coronary blood flow.
What are positive inotropic agents used for in cardiogenic shock? - Answer- To improve
cardiac contractility and output.
What does central venous pressure (CVP) reflect? - Answer- Right-sided heart preload
or right ventricular end-diastolic volume.
What are normal CVP values? - Answer- 2 to 8 mmHg.
What does the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) measure? - Answer- Cardiac
contractility, afterload, and provides insights into the heart's workload.
What is preload in cardiac function? - Answer- The volume of blood in the ventricles at
the end of diastole, influencing stroke volume and cardiac output.
, What is afterload? - Answer- The resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood,
primarily affected by systemic vascular resistance.
What is the formula for calculating mean arterial pressure (MAP)? - Answer- MAP = [(2
× diastolic) + systolic] / 3.
What are the types of myocardial infarction? - Answer- Anterior wall MI, inferior wall MI,
and lateral wall MI.
What ECG leads indicate anterior wall myocardial infarction? - Answer- Leads V1-V4.
What are cardiac troponins and their significance? - Answer- Specific markers for
cardiac muscle damage that elevate within 4 hours of injury and remain elevated for up
to 10 days.
What is the role of beta-blockers in myocardial infarction management? - Answer- To
reduce myocardial oxygen demand and improve survival rates post-MI.
What nursing interventions are critical in managing cardiogenic shock? - Answer-
Monitoring vital signs, administering medications, and assessing for complications.
What lifestyle modifications are important for post-myocardial infarction care? - Answer-
Diet and exercise.
What is the significance of monitoring hemodynamic parameters in critically ill patients?
- Answer- It guides treatment decisions and assesses response to therapy.
What can elevated central venous pressure indicate? - Answer- Fluid overload, heart
failure, or shock states.
What are cardiac troponins I and T used for? - Answer- They are specific markers for
cardiac muscle damage and are the gold standard for diagnosing acute myocardial
infarction (AMI).
How quickly do cardiac troponin levels elevate after injury? - Answer- Troponin levels
elevate within 4 hours of injury.
How long do cardiac troponin levels remain elevated? - Answer- They can remain
elevated for up to 10 days.
What is the role of creatine kinase (CK) in cardiac assessment? - Answer- CK is a less
specific marker of cellular injury, often used alongside troponin levels for a
comprehensive assessment.
A+ Brand New!!
What is the importance of hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer- It is crucial for
assessing cardiovascular function and guiding treatment in critically ill patients by
measuring parameters like blood pressure and cardiac output.
What parameters are commonly measured in hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer-
Blood pressure, cardiac output, and central venous pressure.
Why must the transducer be zeroed in hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer- To offset
atmospheric pressure and ensure accurate readings.
What are common devices used for hemodynamic monitoring? - Answer- Arterial lines
and pulmonary artery catheters.
What does the Allen test assess? - Answer- Collateral circulation in the hand before
arterial line placement.
What indicates a positive Allen test? - Answer- Color returning to the hand within 10-15
seconds.
What is the most specific marker for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI)? -
Answer- Troponin levels.
What ECG changes indicate an inferior wall myocardial infarction? - Answer- Changes
in leads II, III, and aVF.
What is the role of nitroglycerin in myocardial infarction treatment? - Answer- To relieve
chest pain and improve coronary blood flow.
What are positive inotropic agents used for in cardiogenic shock? - Answer- To improve
cardiac contractility and output.
What does central venous pressure (CVP) reflect? - Answer- Right-sided heart preload
or right ventricular end-diastolic volume.
What are normal CVP values? - Answer- 2 to 8 mmHg.
What does the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) measure? - Answer- Cardiac
contractility, afterload, and provides insights into the heart's workload.
What is preload in cardiac function? - Answer- The volume of blood in the ventricles at
the end of diastole, influencing stroke volume and cardiac output.
, What is afterload? - Answer- The resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood,
primarily affected by systemic vascular resistance.
What is the formula for calculating mean arterial pressure (MAP)? - Answer- MAP = [(2
× diastolic) + systolic] / 3.
What are the types of myocardial infarction? - Answer- Anterior wall MI, inferior wall MI,
and lateral wall MI.
What ECG leads indicate anterior wall myocardial infarction? - Answer- Leads V1-V4.
What are cardiac troponins and their significance? - Answer- Specific markers for
cardiac muscle damage that elevate within 4 hours of injury and remain elevated for up
to 10 days.
What is the role of beta-blockers in myocardial infarction management? - Answer- To
reduce myocardial oxygen demand and improve survival rates post-MI.
What nursing interventions are critical in managing cardiogenic shock? - Answer-
Monitoring vital signs, administering medications, and assessing for complications.
What lifestyle modifications are important for post-myocardial infarction care? - Answer-
Diet and exercise.
What is the significance of monitoring hemodynamic parameters in critically ill patients?
- Answer- It guides treatment decisions and assesses response to therapy.
What can elevated central venous pressure indicate? - Answer- Fluid overload, heart
failure, or shock states.
What are cardiac troponins I and T used for? - Answer- They are specific markers for
cardiac muscle damage and are the gold standard for diagnosing acute myocardial
infarction (AMI).
How quickly do cardiac troponin levels elevate after injury? - Answer- Troponin levels
elevate within 4 hours of injury.
How long do cardiac troponin levels remain elevated? - Answer- They can remain
elevated for up to 10 days.
What is the role of creatine kinase (CK) in cardiac assessment? - Answer- CK is a less
specific marker of cellular injury, often used alongside troponin levels for a
comprehensive assessment.
