CMN 577 HIV EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY
PASSED
What do we treat Mycobacterium Adium complex infection with? - Answer-
Clarithromycin or Azithromycin
What is toxoplasmosis treated with? - Answer-Bactrim or the combination of
pyrimethamine, along with dapsone and leucovorin can be used
CMV infection can be treated with? - Answer-Oral ganciclovir for patients w/ CD4 cell
counts of <50. Watch for neutropenia
What is a side effect of PEP? - Answer-Nausea
How long will a patient take PReP before it is effective? - Answer-Reaches maximum
protection from HIV for receptive anal sex at about 7 days of daily use. For receptive
vaginal sex and injection drug use, PREP reaches maximum protection at about 20
days of daily use
What is the riskiest type of sex for getting and/or transmitting HIV? - Answer-Anal Sex-
d/t the thin lining of the rectum
What is the viral load? What does it mean for transmitting HIV? - Answer-Viral load is
the amount of HIV int he blood of someone who is HIV positive. As an HIV+ person's
viral load goes down, the chance of transmitting HIV goes down
What is an HIV superinfection? - Answer-When a person w/ HIV gets infected with
another strain of the virus. The new strain of HIV can replace the original strain or
remain along with the original strain
What are the 3 stages of HIV? - Answer-1. Acute HIV infection
2. Clinical Latency
3. AIDS
What occurs during stage 1 HIV? - Answer-Large amount of virus is in blood- very
contagious. SXS flu-like illness- NAT test is necesssary
Can someone in stage 2 HIV still transmit HIV? - Answer-Yes! Although people who are
on ART and stay virally suppressed are much less likely to transmit HIV
, Initiation of pneumocystis jirovecii prophylactic therapy is recommended when? -
Answer-CD4 count drops below 200
Initiation of my6cobacterium oavium prophylaxis is recommended when? - Answer-CD4
count drops below 75-100
What are two potentially treatable causes of weight loss in the patient with HIV? -
Answer-Depression and Adrenal Insufficiency
What is the cornerstone of diagnosis for PCP in HIV patients? - Answer-CXR
Vitamin D deficiency appears to be common among HIV infected populations.
Therefore, bone mineral density scans for postmenopausal women and for men over
the age of ? Is recommended. - Answer-50
CMV retinitis is the most common retinal infection in AIDs and is characterized by? -
Answer-Perivascular hemorrhage's and white fluffy exudates- rapidly progressive
What is hairy leukoplakia caused by? - Answer-Epstein Barr Virus
What is important to know about Kaposi Sarcoma lesions and ART therapy? - Answer-
The lesions may flare when ART is first initiated
What are the side effects to zidovudine? - Answer-Anemia, Neutropenia
In a patient who is adherent to an effective ART regimen, viral loads should be
undetectable within? - Answer-4-12 weeks
When a patient is resistant to ART, the goal in designing second line regimens for
patients is? - Answer-To identify 3 medications from at least 2 different classes to which
the virus is not resistant.
What is important to know about stage 3 HIV? - Answer-Most severe phase- People are
diagnosed with AIDS when their CD4 cell count drops below 200 cells/mm or if they
develop certain opportunistic illnesses
What is one of the most common mental health conditions that people with HIV face? -
Answer-Depression
How often should the NP check an HIV+ patient's CD4 count? - Answer-Every 3-6
months
How often should the NP check an HIV+ patient's viral load? - Answer-Every 3-6
months, before they are started on a new HIV medicine, and 2-8 weeks after starting or
changing medicines
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY
PASSED
What do we treat Mycobacterium Adium complex infection with? - Answer-
Clarithromycin or Azithromycin
What is toxoplasmosis treated with? - Answer-Bactrim or the combination of
pyrimethamine, along with dapsone and leucovorin can be used
CMV infection can be treated with? - Answer-Oral ganciclovir for patients w/ CD4 cell
counts of <50. Watch for neutropenia
What is a side effect of PEP? - Answer-Nausea
How long will a patient take PReP before it is effective? - Answer-Reaches maximum
protection from HIV for receptive anal sex at about 7 days of daily use. For receptive
vaginal sex and injection drug use, PREP reaches maximum protection at about 20
days of daily use
What is the riskiest type of sex for getting and/or transmitting HIV? - Answer-Anal Sex-
d/t the thin lining of the rectum
What is the viral load? What does it mean for transmitting HIV? - Answer-Viral load is
the amount of HIV int he blood of someone who is HIV positive. As an HIV+ person's
viral load goes down, the chance of transmitting HIV goes down
What is an HIV superinfection? - Answer-When a person w/ HIV gets infected with
another strain of the virus. The new strain of HIV can replace the original strain or
remain along with the original strain
What are the 3 stages of HIV? - Answer-1. Acute HIV infection
2. Clinical Latency
3. AIDS
What occurs during stage 1 HIV? - Answer-Large amount of virus is in blood- very
contagious. SXS flu-like illness- NAT test is necesssary
Can someone in stage 2 HIV still transmit HIV? - Answer-Yes! Although people who are
on ART and stay virally suppressed are much less likely to transmit HIV
, Initiation of pneumocystis jirovecii prophylactic therapy is recommended when? -
Answer-CD4 count drops below 200
Initiation of my6cobacterium oavium prophylaxis is recommended when? - Answer-CD4
count drops below 75-100
What are two potentially treatable causes of weight loss in the patient with HIV? -
Answer-Depression and Adrenal Insufficiency
What is the cornerstone of diagnosis for PCP in HIV patients? - Answer-CXR
Vitamin D deficiency appears to be common among HIV infected populations.
Therefore, bone mineral density scans for postmenopausal women and for men over
the age of ? Is recommended. - Answer-50
CMV retinitis is the most common retinal infection in AIDs and is characterized by? -
Answer-Perivascular hemorrhage's and white fluffy exudates- rapidly progressive
What is hairy leukoplakia caused by? - Answer-Epstein Barr Virus
What is important to know about Kaposi Sarcoma lesions and ART therapy? - Answer-
The lesions may flare when ART is first initiated
What are the side effects to zidovudine? - Answer-Anemia, Neutropenia
In a patient who is adherent to an effective ART regimen, viral loads should be
undetectable within? - Answer-4-12 weeks
When a patient is resistant to ART, the goal in designing second line regimens for
patients is? - Answer-To identify 3 medications from at least 2 different classes to which
the virus is not resistant.
What is important to know about stage 3 HIV? - Answer-Most severe phase- People are
diagnosed with AIDS when their CD4 cell count drops below 200 cells/mm or if they
develop certain opportunistic illnesses
What is one of the most common mental health conditions that people with HIV face? -
Answer-Depression
How often should the NP check an HIV+ patient's CD4 count? - Answer-Every 3-6
months
How often should the NP check an HIV+ patient's viral load? - Answer-Every 3-6
months, before they are started on a new HIV medicine, and 2-8 weeks after starting or
changing medicines
