BIO 201 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED 100% COMPLETE
Major portions of the brain - correct answer ✔✔Brain stem, Cerebrum, cerebellum
Caudal - correct answer ✔✔toward the tail
Rostral - correct answer ✔✔toward the nose
Cerebrum is ___% of brain volume - correct answer ✔✔83
Cerebellum contains ___% of the neurons - correct answer ✔✔50
The brain weighs ___ pounds - correct answer ✔✔3.5
Longitudinal Fissure - correct answer ✔✔separates 2 cerebral hemispheres (left/right)
Central Sulcus - correct answer ✔✔Separates frontal & parietal lobe
Gyri - correct answer ✔✔folds
Sulci - correct answer ✔✔grooves
cortex - correct answer ✔✔surface layer of gray matter
,nuclei - correct answer ✔✔deeper masses of gray matter
tracts - correct answer ✔✔bundles of axons
gray matter - correct answer ✔✔neuron cell bodies, dendrites & synapses
-forms cortex over cerebrum & cerebellum
-forms nuclei deep with in brain
white matter - correct answer ✔✔bundles of axons
-forms tracts that connect parts of the brain
Meninges - correct answer ✔✔Dura Mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Dura mater - correct answer ✔✔outermost, tough membrane
-outer periosteal layer against bone
-inner meningeal layer
-subdural space (below dura mater)
-where separated from inner meningeal layer forms dural venous sinusesdraining blood from
brain
supportive structures formed by dura mater - correct answer ✔✔falx cerebri, falx cerebelli &
tentorium cerebelli
Arachnoid mater - correct answer ✔✔spider web filamentous layer
Pia mater - correct answer ✔✔a thin vascular layer adherent to contours of brain
,Meningitis - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation of the meninges
-bacterial & virus invasion of the CNS by way of the nose & throat
-signs: high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness & intense headache which could lead to coma
-diagnose by examining the CSF fluid for bacteria
Lumbar puncture - correct answer ✔✔(spinal tap) check spinal fluid
-draws fluid from subarachnoid space between two lumbar vertebrae
Lateral ventricles - correct answer ✔✔found inside the cerebral hemispheres
Third ventricle - correct answer ✔✔single vertical space under corpus callosum
Cerebral aqueduct - correct answer ✔✔runs through the midbrain (connects 3rd & 4th
ventricle)
Central canal - correct answer ✔✔runs down through spinal cord
Ventricles - correct answer ✔✔Internal chambers within the CNS
-lined with ependymal cells & containing choroid plexus of capillaries that produce CSF
Cerebrospinal fluid - correct answer ✔✔clear liquid that fills ventricles & canals & bathes in its
external surface (in subarachnoid space)
The brain produces & absorbs ___ml/day of CSF - correct answer ✔✔500
Functions of CSF - correct answer ✔✔Buoyancy: floats brain so its neutrally buoyant
Protection: cushions from hitting inside of skull
, Chemical stability: rinses away wastes
CSF escapes from ___ to surround the brain & is absorbed by ___ into venous sinus - correct
answer ✔✔4th ventricle/ arachnoid villi
Circumventricular organs... - correct answer ✔✔...in 3rd & 4th ventricles are breaks in the
barrier where blood has direct access
-monitoring of glucose, pH, osmolarity & other variations
-allows route for HIV to invade the brain
Blood-brain & Blood-CSF barriers - correct answer ✔✔Tightly joined endothelium
-permeable to lipid-soluble materials (alcohol, nicotine, O2, CO2 & anesthetics)
Hindbrain - correct answer ✔✔Medulla Oblongata, Pons, Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata - correct answer ✔✔contains cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory & reflex
centers which adjust heart rate but also control coughing & sneezing, etc.
-3 cm extension of spinal cord
-ascending & descending nerve tracts
-Nuclei of sensory & motor nerves (IX,X,XI,XII)
Cardiac Center (Medulla) - correct answer ✔✔adjusts heart rate & force
Vasomotor Center (Medulla) - correct answer ✔✔adjusts blood vessel diameter
Respiratory Center (Medulla) - correct answer ✔✔controls rate & depth of breathing
ANSWERS RATED 100% COMPLETE
Major portions of the brain - correct answer ✔✔Brain stem, Cerebrum, cerebellum
Caudal - correct answer ✔✔toward the tail
Rostral - correct answer ✔✔toward the nose
Cerebrum is ___% of brain volume - correct answer ✔✔83
Cerebellum contains ___% of the neurons - correct answer ✔✔50
The brain weighs ___ pounds - correct answer ✔✔3.5
Longitudinal Fissure - correct answer ✔✔separates 2 cerebral hemispheres (left/right)
Central Sulcus - correct answer ✔✔Separates frontal & parietal lobe
Gyri - correct answer ✔✔folds
Sulci - correct answer ✔✔grooves
cortex - correct answer ✔✔surface layer of gray matter
,nuclei - correct answer ✔✔deeper masses of gray matter
tracts - correct answer ✔✔bundles of axons
gray matter - correct answer ✔✔neuron cell bodies, dendrites & synapses
-forms cortex over cerebrum & cerebellum
-forms nuclei deep with in brain
white matter - correct answer ✔✔bundles of axons
-forms tracts that connect parts of the brain
Meninges - correct answer ✔✔Dura Mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Dura mater - correct answer ✔✔outermost, tough membrane
-outer periosteal layer against bone
-inner meningeal layer
-subdural space (below dura mater)
-where separated from inner meningeal layer forms dural venous sinusesdraining blood from
brain
supportive structures formed by dura mater - correct answer ✔✔falx cerebri, falx cerebelli &
tentorium cerebelli
Arachnoid mater - correct answer ✔✔spider web filamentous layer
Pia mater - correct answer ✔✔a thin vascular layer adherent to contours of brain
,Meningitis - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation of the meninges
-bacterial & virus invasion of the CNS by way of the nose & throat
-signs: high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness & intense headache which could lead to coma
-diagnose by examining the CSF fluid for bacteria
Lumbar puncture - correct answer ✔✔(spinal tap) check spinal fluid
-draws fluid from subarachnoid space between two lumbar vertebrae
Lateral ventricles - correct answer ✔✔found inside the cerebral hemispheres
Third ventricle - correct answer ✔✔single vertical space under corpus callosum
Cerebral aqueduct - correct answer ✔✔runs through the midbrain (connects 3rd & 4th
ventricle)
Central canal - correct answer ✔✔runs down through spinal cord
Ventricles - correct answer ✔✔Internal chambers within the CNS
-lined with ependymal cells & containing choroid plexus of capillaries that produce CSF
Cerebrospinal fluid - correct answer ✔✔clear liquid that fills ventricles & canals & bathes in its
external surface (in subarachnoid space)
The brain produces & absorbs ___ml/day of CSF - correct answer ✔✔500
Functions of CSF - correct answer ✔✔Buoyancy: floats brain so its neutrally buoyant
Protection: cushions from hitting inside of skull
, Chemical stability: rinses away wastes
CSF escapes from ___ to surround the brain & is absorbed by ___ into venous sinus - correct
answer ✔✔4th ventricle/ arachnoid villi
Circumventricular organs... - correct answer ✔✔...in 3rd & 4th ventricles are breaks in the
barrier where blood has direct access
-monitoring of glucose, pH, osmolarity & other variations
-allows route for HIV to invade the brain
Blood-brain & Blood-CSF barriers - correct answer ✔✔Tightly joined endothelium
-permeable to lipid-soluble materials (alcohol, nicotine, O2, CO2 & anesthetics)
Hindbrain - correct answer ✔✔Medulla Oblongata, Pons, Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata - correct answer ✔✔contains cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory & reflex
centers which adjust heart rate but also control coughing & sneezing, etc.
-3 cm extension of spinal cord
-ascending & descending nerve tracts
-Nuclei of sensory & motor nerves (IX,X,XI,XII)
Cardiac Center (Medulla) - correct answer ✔✔adjusts heart rate & force
Vasomotor Center (Medulla) - correct answer ✔✔adjusts blood vessel diameter
Respiratory Center (Medulla) - correct answer ✔✔controls rate & depth of breathing
