Rosh Review- Genitourinary/Renal UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. What is the treat- Intravenous calcium (either calcium chloride or calcium gluconate) and dial-
ment for life-threat- ysis.
ening hypermagne-
semia?
2. Which of the fol- Hyperreflexia!
lowing historical or
physical exam find-
ings is most consis-
tent with a diagno-
sis of hypomagne-
semia?
3. What presents with Hypercalcemia!
non-focal abdomi-
nal pain, constipa- Tx:
tion, fatigue, diffuse IV Fluids and loop diuretics!
myalgias, anorexia,
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy tx:
nausea, and vomit-
Oral bisphosphonates!
ing?
4. What presents with Hypercalcemia!
moans, groans, psy-
chogenic overtones Causes:
(psychosis), lethar- Malignancy, primary hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, multiple myelo-
gy, and stones? ma, cancer metastatic to bone, granulomatous disease (sarcoidosis), thi-
azides, estrogens,
What causes this
electrolyte abnor- Tx:
mality? IV Fluids!
Tx?
,5. What electrolyte ab- Hypokalemia
normality can cause
dysrhythmias, car-
diovascular col-
lapse, and sudden
cardiac death?
6. What presents with Hypocalcemia!
presents with mus-
cle cramping and
perioral and pares-
thesias of the
fingers. Chvostek's
and Trousseau's
signs may be posi-
tive?
7. What electrolyte ab- Hypokalemia!
normality occurs as
a result of a GI ill-
ness with vomiting
and diarrhea, or as a
result of diuretics.?
8. What is a classic ECG Shortened QT interval!
finding of hypercal-
cemia?
9. What is the most Inpatient:
common inpatient Malignancy!
cause of hypercal-
cemia? Outpatient:
Primary Hyperparathyroidism!
, What is the most
common outpatient
cause of hypercal-
cemia?
10. At what gesta- Suppressive therapy should begin at 34-36 weeks!
tional age should
pregnant women
with Herpes simplex
virus begin suppres-
sive therapy to re-
duce the likelihood
of lesions during la-
bor?
11. What presents with Herpes Simplex Virus!
grouped lesions on
an erythematous Dx:
base? Clinical
Tzank Smear--> Confirmatory
Dx and Tx?
Tx:
Acyclovir
12. Genital herpes in- HIV infection!
creases the risk for
acquiring what oth- Appears as painful fluid filled vesicles progressing to shallow-based ulcers
er sexually transmit-
ted disease?
13. What is the most Herpes Simplex
common cause of
encephalitis?
, 14. What appears as Herpes Simplex
dendrites on fluo-
rescence scan?
15. What is the most Chlamydia!
commonly reported
std in the US?
16. What should be Chlamydia (With azithromycin) AND Gonorrhea (with Ceftriaxone)
treated when con-
firmed to have Diagnostics for Chlamydia:
chlamydia? NAAT (Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing)
Diagnostics and Tx:
treatment? Azithromycin
17. What is the treat- A single dose of Azithromycin
ment of choice for
Chlamydial urethri-
tis?
18. What presents with Hydrocele!
painless, unilateral
scrotal swelling of More commonly found on right side
acute or insidious
Dx:
onset?
US--> Transilluminates!
Dx and Tx?
Tx:
Observation
19. Volume Repletion and Loop Diuretics!
CORRECT Answers
1. What is the treat- Intravenous calcium (either calcium chloride or calcium gluconate) and dial-
ment for life-threat- ysis.
ening hypermagne-
semia?
2. Which of the fol- Hyperreflexia!
lowing historical or
physical exam find-
ings is most consis-
tent with a diagno-
sis of hypomagne-
semia?
3. What presents with Hypercalcemia!
non-focal abdomi-
nal pain, constipa- Tx:
tion, fatigue, diffuse IV Fluids and loop diuretics!
myalgias, anorexia,
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy tx:
nausea, and vomit-
Oral bisphosphonates!
ing?
4. What presents with Hypercalcemia!
moans, groans, psy-
chogenic overtones Causes:
(psychosis), lethar- Malignancy, primary hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, multiple myelo-
gy, and stones? ma, cancer metastatic to bone, granulomatous disease (sarcoidosis), thi-
azides, estrogens,
What causes this
electrolyte abnor- Tx:
mality? IV Fluids!
Tx?
,5. What electrolyte ab- Hypokalemia
normality can cause
dysrhythmias, car-
diovascular col-
lapse, and sudden
cardiac death?
6. What presents with Hypocalcemia!
presents with mus-
cle cramping and
perioral and pares-
thesias of the
fingers. Chvostek's
and Trousseau's
signs may be posi-
tive?
7. What electrolyte ab- Hypokalemia!
normality occurs as
a result of a GI ill-
ness with vomiting
and diarrhea, or as a
result of diuretics.?
8. What is a classic ECG Shortened QT interval!
finding of hypercal-
cemia?
9. What is the most Inpatient:
common inpatient Malignancy!
cause of hypercal-
cemia? Outpatient:
Primary Hyperparathyroidism!
, What is the most
common outpatient
cause of hypercal-
cemia?
10. At what gesta- Suppressive therapy should begin at 34-36 weeks!
tional age should
pregnant women
with Herpes simplex
virus begin suppres-
sive therapy to re-
duce the likelihood
of lesions during la-
bor?
11. What presents with Herpes Simplex Virus!
grouped lesions on
an erythematous Dx:
base? Clinical
Tzank Smear--> Confirmatory
Dx and Tx?
Tx:
Acyclovir
12. Genital herpes in- HIV infection!
creases the risk for
acquiring what oth- Appears as painful fluid filled vesicles progressing to shallow-based ulcers
er sexually transmit-
ted disease?
13. What is the most Herpes Simplex
common cause of
encephalitis?
, 14. What appears as Herpes Simplex
dendrites on fluo-
rescence scan?
15. What is the most Chlamydia!
commonly reported
std in the US?
16. What should be Chlamydia (With azithromycin) AND Gonorrhea (with Ceftriaxone)
treated when con-
firmed to have Diagnostics for Chlamydia:
chlamydia? NAAT (Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing)
Diagnostics and Tx:
treatment? Azithromycin
17. What is the treat- A single dose of Azithromycin
ment of choice for
Chlamydial urethri-
tis?
18. What presents with Hydrocele!
painless, unilateral
scrotal swelling of More commonly found on right side
acute or insidious
Dx:
onset?
US--> Transilluminates!
Dx and Tx?
Tx:
Observation
19. Volume Repletion and Loop Diuretics!
